２００８年高考英語基礎寫作指導（Ｖ）

一、寫作指導

上一講我們介紹了書信的寫作。常見的應用文除了書信，還有請假條、便條、海報、通知、（尋物、招領等）啟事、請柬、祝辭、簡歷、證明等。

應用文寫作的難點主要有兩個：一是格式。正式的應用文有比較規范的格式，要注明讀者、作者、日期、標題等，但在高考英語基礎寫作中，應用文的格式一般不考，所以同學們不必花太多的時間復習。二是語句。應用文的寫作往往有一些特定的或習慣的語句，有些語句甚至成了套話，這些語句在考試中可能考查到，所以要重點掌握。

二、常用詞句

1． 請假條

請假條是請求允許不參加某項工作、學習或活動的簡短文書。

I apologize for the inconvenience my absence from work may cause.

I’m sorry to tell you that I can’t go to school today， because I’ve caught a cold.

Now I am writing to you to ask for 2 days’sick leave.

I am terribly sorry that I shall be unable to attend this morning’s English class due to a bad cold and high fever.

2． 便條

便條是一種簡單的書信，常見的便條有收條、欠條和留言等。

Would you like to come on time at 5∶00 p.m. today， to Room 6 of Hilton Hotel?

Enclosed is a certificate from the doctor who said I must stay in bed for a few days.

Upon receiving this note， please come to my office.

I happen to be in urgent need of 200 yuan.

Your note with an admission ticket enclosed is much appreciated.

I hope my absence will not cause you any serious inconvenience.

3． 海報

海報是貼在人員流動較大的地方，告知人們喜聞樂見的消息，如電影、球訊、商品報道等，類似廣告，通常要配以圖畫以增加吸引力。

A friendly football match will be held between our team and the team of Zhongshan University in our football field at 5∶00 p. m. on Saturday， May 27th，2007.

Ticket:five yuan for each.

Admission free

Come and cheer for them.

Everyone is welcome to attend. / All are warmly welcome.

Please be there on time. / Please be present on time.

4． 通知

通知的寫法有兩種，一種是以布告形式貼出，通常不用稱呼；另一種是以書信的形式，這種通知類似普通書信，只要寫明通知的具體內容即可。

Attention， please.

May I have your attention， please?

An English play will be put on in the school auditorium from 7-9 o’clock p.m. this weekend.

A football match will be held on the school playground at 3 o’clock p.m. this Saturday.

There will be an English party in English Department at 8 o’clock tomorrow.

All the students are requested to meet in the conference room on Saturday， August 18， at 2∶00 p.m. to listen to the report.

5． 啟事

啟事是一種公告性的應用文，常見的有尋人啟事和尋物啟事等。

A jacket was lost on the playground on May 12 th.

If you know where these bags are， please call 0293-8910.

Among the contents of the luggage are some books which are badly needed.

Finder， please return it to the owner， Li Hua. Room 203， Dormitory 9.

6． 請柬

請柬有正式和非正式兩種。正式請柬一般格式比較規范，用詞準確、簡潔。非正式請柬即是熟人之間比較隨便的便條。

It’s our great honor to invite you to visit Hilton Company located at Broad Avenue in August， 2007.

This visit will provide an opportunity for you to make a better understanding of our school， and to communicate our future cooperation in detail.

Please use this invitation letter to apply for your VISA to China.

7． 祝辭

祝辭是在節日、重要場合的一種客套話，包括節日祝辭、成功祝辭、健康祝福等。

To congratulate you on your success and wish you happiness through the years ahead.

Congratulations on passing your exams! Wish you the best of everything in the future.

It is a well-deserved reward for all the hard work you’ve done during the past year.

We wish to show our gratitude and thanks with a small gift. Happy Teacher’s Day!

We are more thankful than we can express.

I am truly grateful to you for what you have done.

Thank you for making learning not a dull thing but a great joy.

You are not only a good teacher but our close friend.

8． 簡歷

簡歷是告訴讀者你的個人情況，如姓名、年齡、愛好、學歷、經歷等。簡歷可以根據個人需要靈活設計欄目和格式。

age， height， blood type， weight， address， nationality， date of birth， native place， postal code， health condition， ID card， job/career objective， work experience.

Skilled in use of MS Frontpage and Win 95/NT.

Have a good command of both spoken and written English.

1994.9-1997.6 No. 2 Middle School， Guangdong

1997.9-2002.6 Department of Automation， Tsinghua University.

三、實例分析

【例１】假設你校有一批外國交流學生在學校進行短期學習，你是學生英語協會的負責人，在平安夜歡慶聚餐前，你要代表學生英語協會對外國學生做一個簡短的祝辭，內容如下：

1. 祝他們圣誕、新年快樂。

2. 在過去的兩周，他們習慣這里的生活，學習努力，工作出色。

3. 告訴他們若有困難，請及時提出來。

寫作要求：

1. 介紹必須包括以上全部內容；

2. 開頭和結尾已經為你寫好，正文用5個句子。

Dear Foreign friends，

…

Thank you.

審題：

參考范文：

Dear Foreign friends，

On the occasion of Christmas Eve， please accept my sincere wishes! Please allow me to extend to you and your family my warmest greetings， wishing you Merry Christmas and happy New Year!

We are very glad to know that you have got used to the life here. As a matter of fact， all of you have been working very hard and have done an excellent job in the past two weeks. Should you have any difficulties please don’t hesitate to ask for us.

Thank you.

【例2】假設你是李華，不久前你邀請了Gates先生到你校講學，題目是How to Learn English，Gates先生已經書面答應了接受邀請，請你用英文回一封信表示感謝，并包括以下內容：

寫作要求：

1. 須包括以上全部要點；

2. 結尾已經寫好，正文使用5個句子。

參考詞匯：音視頻設備 audio-visual equipment

Dear Mr. Gates，

…

Thank you.

Sincerely yours，

Li Hua

審題：

Dear Mr. Gates，

I’m delighted you have accepted our invitation to speak at the Conference on October 8th.

As we agreed， you’ll be speaking on the topic How to Learn English from 8∶30-9 a.m. with an additional 30 minutes for questions.

Would you please tell me what kind of audio-visual equipment you’ll need? If you could let me know your specific requirements by October 2nd， I’ll have plenty of time to make sure that the hotel provides you with what you need.

I look forward to hearing from you.

Thank you.

Sincerely yours，

Li Hua

四、即時訓練

認領啟事

假設昨天下午兩點時你在家門口前發現了一只黑白小狗，狗現在你家。你不知狗的主人是誰，請用英語寫一份認領啟事。小狗的情況如下：

寫作要求：

1. 須包括以上全部信息；

2. 用5個句子；

3. 結尾已經為你寫好。

參考詞匯：頸套 collar

…

Reply to: lihua-2008@163.org

Date: 2007-12-15， 8∶18 AM

參考范文：

FOUND- Small Black and White Dog

This dog showed up on my doorstep in Beijing Road at about 2 o’clock p.m. yesterday and never left. It is about 50 centimetres long and 30 centimetres tall with black and white hair. It is very friendly except to cats. It has a collar on with its name but no address or phone number. If this is your dog please respond to this add and describe its collar and we can have you reunited in no time.

Reply to: lihua-2008@163.org

Date: 2007-12-15， 8∶18 AM

責任編校 蔣小青