ｏｎｅ；ｏｎｅｓ；ｔｈａｔ，ｔｈｏｓｅ；ｉｔ的用法比較

請看四道考查one， ones， that， those， it用法區別的高考真題:

1. The English spoken in the United States is only slightly different from_______ spoken in England.(2008全國卷I，33題)

A. which B. what C. that D. the one

2. The information on the Internet gets around much more rapidly than_______in the newspaper.(2007遼寧卷，27題)

A. it B. those C. one D. that

3. Little joy can equal_______of a surprising ending when you read stories.(2007四川卷，32題)

A. that B. those C. any D. some

4.—There is still a copy of the book in the library. Will you go and borrow_______?

—No， I’d rather buy_______in the bookstore.(2007陜西卷，16題)

A. it; one B. one; one C. one; it D. it; it

答案與解析

1. C。that代替前面提到的不可數名詞English以避免重復;不可用the one，因為one只代替可數名詞。全句的意思是:美國說的英語和英國說的英語僅僅有細微的差別。

2. D。that代替前面提到的不可數名詞information以避免重復。全句的意思是:網上的消息比報上的消息傳播快得多。

3. A。that代替前面提到的不可數名詞joy以避免重復。全句的意思是:當你閱讀故事時，你會感到沒有什么樂趣比得上令人驚奇的結局。

4. A。第一空用it特指上文所說的那個名詞，指同一個東西即a copy of the book;第二個空用one，代替可數名詞a book，指同一類物品中的任何一個。全句的意思是:這種書圖書館還有一本。你會去借嗎?不，我寧愿去書店買一本。

用法比較

●1. one，ones

(1)one代替可數名詞，不可代替不可數名詞，指“同一類物品中的任何一個”:

I don’t have a knife. Lend me one. (one= a knife)

我沒有小刀，借我一把。

I have two tickets here. I can let you have one. (one= a ticket)

我這里有兩張票，可以給你一張。

(2)特指時，one前面加定冠詞the; ones是one的復數形式，但只有在其前面有修飾語時才用:

The one you lost is red. He has one blue pen and two red ones.(ones= pens)

你丟的鋼筆是紅色的。他有一支藍色的，兩支紅色的。

There are only hard chocolates left;we’ve eaten all the soft ones.(ones=chocolates)

剩下的只有硬巧克力，軟巧克力我們吃完了。

(3)one#65380;ones前面有形容詞修飾時通常要加冠詞:

—Where is my blue shirt?

—It’s in the washing machine. You have to wear a different one. (one= shirt)

——我的藍色襯衣在哪里?

——在洗衣機里。你得穿另一件。

My shoes are similar to the black ones you had on yesterday.(ones= shoes)

我的鞋子和你昨天穿的黑色鞋子相像。

●2. that，those

(1)that 代替前面提到的可數或不可數名詞，復數是those，表示泛指。that#65380;those常用于比較句型中，指“同類中的另一物品”。that#65380;those后面常跟介詞短語作定語。

The professor compared the bottle in his hand with that on the table.(that= the bottle)

教授把手中的瓶子和桌上的瓶子比較了一下。

The population of Japan is larger than that of England.(that= the population)

日本的人口比英國的多。

The rooms in this building are bigger than those in that building.(those= the rooms)

這幢樓里的房間比那幢樓里的房間大。

(2)that#65380;those指代可數名詞時，分別相當于the one#65380;the ones:

The boy told us his story and that of the girl upstairs.(that= the one = the story)

男孩子給我們講述了他的以及樓上那個女孩子的經歷。

The books on the desk are worse than those on the floor.(those= the ones = the books)

課桌上的書比地板上的書更差。

(3)不可數名詞前如果有形容詞修飾，則不能用that而要重復這個不可數名詞:

The fresh air is better for our health than the polluted air.

新鮮空氣對我們的健康比污染空氣好。

The red wine is better than the white wine.

紅葡萄酒比白葡萄酒好。

●3. it

it指代可數或不可數名詞，它的復數形式為them，特指上文所說的那個名詞，即“同一個物品”:

—Is this house yours?

—No， it is my uncle’s.

——這房子是你的嗎?

——不，是我叔叔的。

He has a car and she wants to buy it.

他有一輛車，她想買下它。

You have saved my life; I shall never forget it. (it指代第一分句)

你救了我的命，我永生不忘。

練一練

用A. oneB. onesC. thatD. thoseE. it填空。

1. I have no watch，so I should buy_______.

2. The days in summer are longer than_______in winter.

3. The climate here is almost like_______of New York.

4. They needed an excuse and they soon found_______.

5. I bought a pen yesterday，but I have lost_______today.

6. I prefer a house in the country to_______in the city.

7. A cake made of wheat costs less than_______made of rice.

8. These thin books are easy， but those thick_______are rather difficult.

9. Your calculator looks nice. Please pass_______to me.

10. I hope there are enough picture-books for each child to have_______.

11. Few pleasures can equal_______of a cool drink on a hot day.

12. Equipped with modern facilities， today’s libraries differ greatly from_______of the past.

答案:

1-5 ADCAE 6-10 AABEA 11-12 CD

編輯/梁宇清