“Ｔｈｅｒｅ　ｂｅ的過去時與將來時”教學紀實

張　晶

情境一:播放薩克斯曲《回家》,引出“家”的話題:20年前,我生活在農村,我的家綠樹環繞,盡管很小,但很美。向學生展示自己家的照片。學生被生動的畫面吸引,仔細觀察圖片。面對老師的過去,學生都很興奮,想看看過去老師的家是什么樣的。

T:Heres a piece of music,listen and then answer my questions,OK?

T:We know it very well. While listening,do you feel relaxed?

T: Can you tell me the name of the music?

S: Go home.

T: This is a piece of beautiful music. While listening to it,we will remind of home. Do you love your home? So do I. Twenty years ago I lived in the country with my family. We had a big house with a garden. Look! It was so beautiful. Do you want to visit it?

情境二:通過上文所討論的問題,引出我20年前的家。讓學生通過幻燈片觀察我兒時的房間,然后引出本節課的教學重點:There be 句型的過去時。讓學生在真實的語境下品味該句式特點,并總結出句式的結構、意義。同時,通過幻燈片提問,讓學生進行該句式的肯定、否定和疑問三種形式之間的“變臉”訓練。學生不可能整節課都保持緊張的狀態,所以適當地穿插比賽、游戲,可以緩解學生的情緒。課堂上有問有答有爭論,比賽內容是復習前面所學的知識,將句子變成否定句、一般疑問句、特殊問句。這種訓練形式,為學生提供了足夠的機會。

T: Yes. There was a clock next to the wall. There was a plant near the bed. There was a computer on the table. There was a bookcase near the wall. There were some balls in the room. There were two pencils on the bed. There were two pictures on the wall. There were two tables in the room.

In these sentences,we all use the structure about “there be” in the simple past tense. Today well go on to learn “there be” sentence structure. Lets see how to use it in the simple past tense and the simple future tense.

變臉一: Negative sentence

There be句型的否定式的構成和含有be動詞的其他句型一樣,在be后加上not或no即可。注意not和no的不同:not是副詞,no為形容詞,not a/an/any + n. 相當于no+ n。

變臉二: General sentence

There be句型的一般疑問句變化是把be動詞調整到句首,再在句尾加上問號即可。但要注意:當肯定句中有some時,要將其改為any(否定變化也一樣)。

變臉三: Special question

There be句型的特殊疑問句形式有以下三種變化:

① Underline the subject:when the subject is someone,we can use “Who was+介詞短語?”when the subject is something,we can use “What was+ the preposition phrase(介詞短語)?”Attention:No matter the subject is single or plural,we could only question with “is”.

② Underline the place:We can use“Where was / were +subject?” to question.

③ Underline the number,there are two forms.

How many+ n (pl)+ were there+ the preposition phrase?

How much+ uncountable noun + was there+ the preposition phrase?

情境三:我把話題轉到現在的生活:“10年前,我來到牡丹江工作,現在我結婚了,有了自己的家(多媒體展示家庭照片)。我的家雖精心設計,但隨著時間的流逝,它已不是我的最愛。我很渴望擁有一個“理想”的家(多媒體展示理想的家的照片)。有屬于自己的書房、寬敞的客廳、舒適的臥室、廚房及洗手間。”然后我領著學生走進各個房間,引出本節課的另一個教學重點:There be 句型將來時。通過形象性、富有感染力的情境,學生直觀地去體會語言。通過模擬情境讓學生在真實的語境下品味該句式結構并總結出句式的意義。

T: As you know,I left my hometown many years ago. Now I married. I have my own house. Look,there are so many things in it. I dont like it at all. And the color of the room is too dark,so if I have a chance,I want to buy a new house. I often imagine my ideal room. There will be more rooms in it. There will be a bedroom,a living room,a study and a kitchen in my house. I will buy many things. There will be a new computer in the study. There will be a new bed in my bedroom. There will be many books in the bookcase...look at my ideal house please,what will there be in the house? Guess what there will be in my bedroom,kitchen,study and living room?

定義: 在將來某段時間,某處有某物或有某人。

There be 句式將來時的主要結構:

1. There will be +主語(可數名詞單數/不可數名詞/可數名詞復數)+地點狀語(為介詞短語)。

任務:伴隨著社會的發展和你的成長,你對自己未來的房間有什么暢想嗎?談論一下自己以前的房間并設計一下自己理想的房間吧。這一任務突出“there be”句式的過去時和將來時的應用。

T: Introduce the room in the past,and then talk about your ideal room in the future.

記憶竅門:

Chant:

There be句型有特點,主語放在be后邊,

多個主語并列時,be隨最近主語變。

變疑問很簡單,把be/will提到there前。

變否定也不難,be/will的后面not添。

肯定句中用some, 疑問、否定any換。

介詞短語表地點,“有”表“存在”記心間。