熱詞回顧

雖然新聞里還是經常會報道“H1N1甲型流感”的新增病例，但隨著時間的推移，當初的恐慌漸漸退去，面對著像“H1N1”這樣似乎很拗口的名詞，大家都越來越理性、從容。輕松面對的同時，我們一起來回顧一下幾個曾經讓我們的生活掀起小小波瀾的名詞。

H1N1甲型流感

Meaning: the current strain of H1N1 consists of genes already found in existing variations of swine， avian and human flu viruses.

記得2003年的“非典”帶來一系列的新詞匯。事隔幾年，當我們再看到SARS這個英文縮寫時，或許還有點心有余悸。香港人還把SARS音譯成“沙士”這個好聽的名字。如今全球都在對抗H1N1甲型流感，該病毒包含有豬流感、禽流感和人流感三種流感病毒的基因片斷，是一種新型流感病毒。不知道日后它會不會也有一個中文音譯名呢?大家不妨也來開動腦筋想一想吧。

An Australian man with the H1N1 flu has died but the cause of death is uncertain. (一名患有甲型流感的澳洲人已經死亡但死因尚未確定。)

Many countries are monitoring the H1N1 influenza situation closely and have increased disease surveillance.(很多國家正密切監測甲型流感狀況并增加了疾病監督。)

Swine Flu豬流感

Meaning: official named swine influenza A (H1N1).

當H1N1甲型流感這個官方名還沒問世之前，人們都把這種傳染速度極快的流感叫做豬流感(swine flu)。大家都有先入為主的習慣，現在還有不少老人家尚未改口。最不幸的應該是那些食用豬，頃刻間，老百姓都對豬肉有所避忌。幸好世衛為食用豬討回了公道，用H1N1甲型流感取代豬流感(swine flu)。

It is not surprising that swine flu is more familiar to the elderly than its official name H1N1 Influenza A. (長者們對豬流感的叫法比對其官方名H1N1甲型流感要更熟悉，這并不奇怪。)

Egyptians seized and slaughtered[屠宰] pig herds as a precaution against swine flu. (埃及人捉捕并屠宰豬群以預防豬流感。)

Tamiflu 特敏福

Meaning: a sort of medicine which can lesson the flu symptoms but it is not a cure for H1N1 influenza A.

“特敏福”(Tamiflu)又稱“達菲”。其化學通用名是奧司他韋(Oseltamivir)，是一種作用于神經氨酸酶的特異性抑制劑，其抑制神經氨酸酶的作用，可以抑制成熟的流感病毒脫離宿主細胞，從而抑制流感病毒在人體內傳播以起到治療流行性感冒的作用。

As the H1N1 flu broke out， there were an increasing number of people in the drugstore for Tamiflu. (由于甲型流感爆發，到藥店買特敏福的人不斷增多。)

You don’t need to have a prescription to buy Tamiflu. (你不需要藥方就可以買到特敏福。)

Pandemic Phases 大流行病警戒級別

Meaning: WHO has divided pandemics into six phases.

Pandemic Phase 1—Low risk of human cases.

Pandemic Phase 2—Higher risk of human cases.

Pandemic Phase 3—No or very limited human-to-human transmission.

Pandemic Phase 4—Evidence of increased human-to-human transmission.

Pandemic Phase 5—Evidence of significant human-to-human transmission.

Pandemic Phase 6—Efficient and sustained human-to-human transmission.

世界衛生組織(WHO)將用來評定疫病危險等級的警告分成六個等級。其中，第一至三級處于準備階段，包括醫療設施的擴容以及響應預案的準備;第四至六級則清晰地標明需要采取措施來緩和局勢。2009年6月，WHO將相關流感大流行警戒提升為第六級，是41年內首次。

The grouping and description of pandemic phases have been revised to make them easier to understand， more precise， and based upon observable phenomena. (對大流行病警戒級別的分類和描述已被修改，務求令它們更易懂、更準確并以可觀察到的現象為根據。)

The WHO raised the worldwide pandemic phase to 6 on June 11， 2009. (聯合國世界衛生組織于2009年6月11日把全球性流感大流行警戒級別提升為第六級。)