給新聞選標(biāo)題,關(guān)鍵是理解導(dǎo)語(yǔ)

2010年越秀區(qū)高三摸擬考試中有這樣一道閱讀理解題：

SHANGHAI—Famed Chinese scientist Qian Weichang died here on Friday morning， saddening millions of his countrymen. He was 98.

Qian， a pioneer in mechanics and applied mathematics in modern China， was one of the three famous “Qians” in China’s science and technology field. He was well known alongside Qian Xuesen， the father of China's space program， and Qian Sanqiang， a nuclear physicist who oversaw the development of China’s nuclear program ...

After learning about Qian’s death， millions of Chinese people offered their condolences (吊唁) online.

Many students from Shanghai University， where Qian was a former president， burst into tears after hearing the news， saying it was a great loss to the university and to China.

Qian made great contributions to the engineering applications of sciences， such as the fluttering of airplanes， armor penetration， the design of instruments and pipe systems.

He is an academician (院士) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

40. What is the best title for this passage?

A. Respected Scientist Passes away at 98

B. The Great Life of the Scientist — Qian Weichang

C. The Whole Nation Mourn Qian Weichang

D. A 98-year Old Man Passed in Shanghai

在筆者所教的學(xué)生中，不少學(xué)生都錯(cuò)選了B。因?yàn)檎恼轮械诙魏偷箶?shù)一二段都提到了他的貢獻(xiàn)和成就，所以錯(cuò)選B的同學(xué)占很大一部分。

但是，由首段SHANG—Famed Chinese scientist...可知，這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。一篇新聞報(bào)道一般包括導(dǎo)語(yǔ)、主體和尾聲。其中，開(kāi)首的“導(dǎo)語(yǔ)”是體現(xiàn)文章主旨的關(guān)鍵句，它把整篇報(bào)道的主體概要都交待清楚了。如該文的 Famed Chinese scientist Qian Weichang died here on Friday morning， saddening millions of his countrymen. He was 98.就交代了時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件等。因此，作為一篇新聞報(bào)道的標(biāo)題應(yīng)該能夠概括交待新聞的幾個(gè)要素，讓人明白該文章說(shuō)的是一件什么事情，故正確選項(xiàng)是A。

其實(shí)，既然文章報(bào)道錢(qián)偉長(zhǎng)先生的逝世，當(dāng)然在主體和尾聲部分會(huì)詳細(xì)談及錢(qián)先生的生平，求學(xué)經(jīng)歷和成就貢獻(xiàn)等，如果考生閱讀時(shí)只關(guān)注這些信息，而忽略了文章的體裁和新聞標(biāo)題特點(diǎn)等，就會(huì)掉入陷阱，誤選標(biāo)題。

（作者單位：廣州市第二中學(xué)）

責(zé)任編校蔣小青