一、將省略句補充完整
1. One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow and_______.
A. the other is white
B. another white
C. the other white
D. another is white(2000春)
將題干補充還原如下:
2. One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow and the other of the sides should be painted white
根據(jù)省略的原則,句2中的黑體部分為重復(fù)部分,可以省略。省略之后,可知題1正確答案為C。
二、將強調(diào)句型的被強調(diào)部分退還給主句
強調(diào)句型是高中階段的一個常用句型。但當(dāng)被強調(diào)部分是一個較為復(fù)雜的狀語的時候,許多學(xué)生就無法判斷句子的結(jié)構(gòu)。這個時候,我們可以先將被強調(diào)部分退還給主句,以幫助理清整個句子的結(jié)構(gòu)。請看下面的例子:
3. It was_______he stepped onto the land_______he felt a warm flow through his whole body.
A. immediately;that
B. as soon as;which
C. immediately;that
D. the moment;which
被強調(diào)部分退還之后可得:
4. He feIt a warm flow through his whole body the moment he stepped onto the land.
從句3可知,題4的正確答案應(yīng)為C。
三、將被替代部分還原
在英語中,“so”“nor”和“neither”等詞以及助動詞都有替代前面所敘述到的內(nèi)容的作用。然而,有時候偏偏就是這些替代詞阻礙了學(xué)生對句子的正確理解。這時候,將被替代部分還原可以幫助我們理解整個句子的意義。請看下面的例子:
5. —Alice,why didn’t you come yesterday?
— I_______,but I had an unexpected visitor.
A. hadB. would
C. was going toD. did
題中四個選項中的助動詞替代了四個不同的句子,我們可以將其還原如下:
6. I had come yesterday.
7. I would come yesterday.
8. I was going to come yesterday.
9. I came yesterday.
結(jié)合題意,題干中空白部分的意義應(yīng)該是“我昨晚本來打算來”。故正確的答案應(yīng)該是C。
四、非謂語動詞還原為相應(yīng)的從句
非謂語動詞作狀語時,它的作用實際上就相當(dāng)于一個狀語從句,故此我們可以將其還原成相應(yīng)的狀語從句。請看下面的例子:
10. The research is so designed that once_______,nothing can be done to change it.
A. begins
B. having begun
C. beginning
D. begun(NMET 2000)
還原如下:
11. The research is so designed that once it is begun,nothing can be done to change it.
從句11可知,邏輯主語與“begin”之間構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系,故正確的答案為D。
請再看下面一個例子:
12. The house_______the south is my uncle’s.
A. facingB. faces
C. facedD. to face
很明顯,題中的空白部分是一定語,我們可以將其還原成一個定語從句:
13. The house which faces the south is my uncle’s.
從句13可知,“face”與所修飾的名詞之間構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系,并且表示一個經(jīng)常性的動作,故正確的答案應(yīng)為現(xiàn)在分詞,即A。
五、將形式賓語還原為形式主語
英語中“it”用法可謂變化多端,不同的形式之間只是一線之差。請看下面的例子:
14. I have heard it_______of you that when you hear a dream you can interpret it.
A. sayingB. said
C. say D. to say
題中的“it”是形式賓語,空白部分為賓語補足語。而解這道題目的關(guān)建就是判斷賓語和賓語補足語之間的主被動關(guān)系。我們只須將題干稍作變動,就可以將形式賓語還原為形式主語:
15. I have heard it is said of you that when you hear a dream you can interpret it.
從15句可知,“it”與空白部分的動詞“say”之間構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系,故正確的答案為B。
六、抽出插入語
現(xiàn)代英語中大量使用插入語,但句子中加入了插入語,有時候卻把句子復(fù)雜化了。因為插入語是不影響一個句子的正常結(jié)構(gòu)的,所以我們可以把句子的插入語抽出,還其原來的面目。請看例子:
16._______heat is different from temperature.
A. How do you think
B. How you think
C. What do you think
D. What you think
我們只須將題中的插入語“do you think”抽出,就可以得到句子:17.How heat is different from temperature.由從句17可知,題16的正確答案應(yīng)為A。
責(zé)任編輯邱麗