語法教學在高中英語中的地位

在新課標和新高考的理念下，要充分體現教學成果，使學生充分發揮素質能力，必須要以語法教學為前提。

一、學好語法是學好英語的前提條件

我們感到英語難學是因為英漢差異很大。如：“我每天早上騎自行車去上學。”這句話如果按漢語思維翻譯成英語：“I every morning by bike to go to school.”那就大錯特錯了。英語有其自身的語法規則，掌握5個基本句型是分析句子、翻譯句子的前提。一些基礎差的學生會有這樣的疑惑：這些單詞大部分都會，但就不理解這個句子的意思。在這種情況下，我們就要先了解語法：①主＋謂；②主＋謂＋賓；③主＋謂＋表；④主＋謂＋賓＋賓；⑤主＋謂＋賓＋賓補。如：“The girl who is standing under the tree is my sister.”其主干是：“The girl is my sister.”要善于把長句子看短，把復雜的看成簡單的，這樣才能分析問題、解決問題。

掌握簡單的句子，才能寫出正確的句子。如：“Do eye exercises is good for our eyes.”這句話明顯犯了語法錯誤，動詞do不能作主語，要作主語只能把它改為-ing形式，變成:“Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes.”又如：“有25%的女生選擇父母親為偶像。”很多學生譯為：“There are 25% of the girls choose parents as their idols.”這個簡單句中有兩個謂語動詞are，choose，任何的簡單句如果存在兩個謂語動詞，那么它一定是錯誤的，應改成：“25% of the girls choose parents as their idols.”以上這些都是語法基礎不扎實所帶來的錯誤，因此，學好語法是學好英語的前提。

二、學好語法知識是學好英語的必要條件

1. 填空（純空格）

如：①Besides， shopping at this time of the year was not33pleasant experience.

②The head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to35small town some 20 kilometres away where there was a garage.

③After the student left， the student let36student taste the water.

④She did not hesitate for long: although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while， she knew that this was a present which was bound to please ___________.

⑤He lefta happy heart.

以上這些高考題都需要堅實的語法基礎才能做出來。答案：①a ②a ③another ④him ⑤with.首先要掌握名詞前有可能填的詞是冠詞、形容詞、介詞，這樣范圍縮小了，能更容易地得出答案。

2. 用括號里所給詞的正確形式填空

①Being too anxious to help an event develop often40 (result)in the contrary to our intention.

②After a four-day journey， the young man33 (present) the water to the old man.

③I was on my way to the Taiyetos Mountains. The sun was setting when my car31 (break) down near a remote village.

④Her mother was excited，“Your father has at last decided to stop smoking.”Jane(inform).

在了解語境的前提下，才能用正確的時態和語態填空。可見時態語態在英語教學中的重要。

因此，掌握語法知識是學好英語的前提和必要條件。在課堂教學中，要把語法知識貫穿到整個教學體系中，讓它在實踐中發揮更大的作用。

責任編輯魏文琦