在新課標和新高考的理念下,要充分體現教學成果,使學生充分發揮素質能力,必須要以語法教學為前提。
一、學好語法是學好英語的前提條件
我們感到英語難學是因為英漢差異很大。如:“我每天早上騎自行車去上學。”這句話如果按漢語思維翻譯成英語:“I every morning by bike to go to school.”那就大錯特錯了。英語有其自身的語法規則,掌握5個基本句型是分析句子、翻譯句子的前提。一些基礎差的學生會有這樣的疑惑:這些單詞大部分都會,但就不理解這個句子的意思。在這種情況下,我們就要先了解語法:①主+謂;②主+謂+賓;③主+謂+表;④主+謂+賓+賓;⑤主+謂+賓+賓補。如:“The girl who is standing under the tree is my sister.”其主干是:“The girl is my sister.”要善于把長句子看短,把復雜的看成簡單的,這樣才能分析問題、解決問題。
掌握簡單的句子,才能寫出正確的句子。如:“Do eye exercises is good for our eyes.”這句話明顯犯了語法錯誤,動詞do不能作主語,要作主語只能把它改為-ing形式,變成:“Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes.”又如:“有25%的女生選擇父母親為偶像。”很多學生譯為:“There are 25% of the girls choose parents as their idols.”這個簡單句中有兩個謂語動詞are,choose,任何的簡單句如果存在兩個謂語動詞,那么它一定是錯誤的,應改成:“25% of the girls choose parents as their idols.”以上這些都是語法基礎不扎實所帶來的錯誤,因此,學好語法是學好英語的前提。
二、學好語法知識是學好英語的必要條件
1. 填空(純空格)
如:①Besides, shopping at this time of the year was not33pleasant experience.
②The head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to35small town some 20 kilometres away where there was a garage.
③After the student left, the student let36student taste the water.
④She did not hesitate for long: although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while, she knew that this was a present which was bound to please ___________.
⑤He lefta happy heart.
以上這些高考題都需要堅實的語法基礎才能做出來。答案:①a ②a ③another ④him ⑤with.首先要掌握名詞前有可能填的詞是冠詞、形容詞、介詞,這樣范圍縮小了,能更容易地得出答案。
2. 用括號里所給詞的正確形式填空
①Being too anxious to help an event develop often40 (result)in the contrary to our intention.
②After a four-day journey, the young man33 (present) the water to the old man.
③I was on my way to the Taiyetos Mountains. The sun was setting when my car31 (break) down near a remote village.
④Her mother was excited,“Your father has at last decided to stop smoking.”Jane(inform).
在了解語境的前提下,才能用正確的時態和語態填空。可見時態語態在英語教學中的重要。
因此,掌握語法知識是學好英語的前提和必要條件。在課堂教學中,要把語法知識貫穿到整個教學體系中,讓它在實踐中發揮更大的作用。
責任編輯魏文琦