【編者按】
齊齊哈爾市第29中學(xué)為提高廣大教師的教育教學(xué)水平,舉辦了以“新課程下的創(chuàng)新教學(xué)”為主題的教研活動(dòng)。此次活動(dòng)的主要目的是使廣大教師了解到:培養(yǎng)創(chuàng)新精神和實(shí)踐能力是當(dāng)今教育改革的主旋律,課堂教學(xué)則是培養(yǎng)學(xué)生創(chuàng)新精神及實(shí)踐能力的主陣地。教師主要從課堂上向?qū)W生傳授知識(shí)和技能,課堂最能體現(xiàn)教師的人生價(jià)值,最能喚起學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的激情。一個(gè)教師的本事就體現(xiàn)在課堂,體現(xiàn)在教師對(duì)知識(shí)的理解,對(duì)課本的挖掘,對(duì)學(xué)生的尊重。把握課堂教學(xué),讓課堂真正成為學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的樂(lè)園,成為學(xué)生獲得知識(shí),提高人生境界的精神家園。因此,教師必須加強(qiáng)創(chuàng)新教育理論的學(xué)習(xí),更新教育觀念,創(chuàng)新教學(xué)方法,創(chuàng)新教學(xué)手段。本文記錄了齊齊哈爾市第29中學(xué)對(duì)創(chuàng)新教學(xué)方面所做的嘗試。
(此課選自外研版義務(wù)教育初中階段實(shí)驗(yàn)教科書(shū)新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)初中起點(diǎn)第五冊(cè)。)
【教學(xué)內(nèi)容與分析】
本單元圍繞世界七大奇跡之一——巴比倫的空中花園展開(kāi)話題,通過(guò)大段的有層次的描述,使學(xué)生了解巴比倫空中花園的歷史淵源和各種猜想,讓學(xué)生感受到歷史的趣味和古人的智慧,從而進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)學(xué)生愛(ài)祖國(guó)、愛(ài)世界的使命感和責(zé)任感。
【教學(xué)目標(biāo)】
(1)知識(shí)目標(biāo):
A.學(xué)習(xí)課文中的重點(diǎn)詞匯,達(dá)到聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、讀、寫(xiě)四會(huì)。
B.能夠讀懂關(guān)于歷史古跡的描述。
(2)能力目標(biāo):掌握一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)并用其描述事物,能夠談?wù)撽P(guān)于空中花園的有關(guān)話題。了解世界的七大奇跡。
(3)情感目標(biāo):通過(guò)了解巴比倫的空中花園,同時(shí)聯(lián)系伊拉克的現(xiàn)狀,進(jìn)而對(duì)學(xué)生進(jìn)行愛(ài)好和平的教育。
【學(xué)習(xí)策略】
本節(jié)課由于教學(xué)內(nèi)容和任務(wù)的需要,主要學(xué)習(xí)策略為學(xué)生的課前預(yù)習(xí)、課堂的口語(yǔ)表達(dá)和書(shū)面表達(dá)。
【教學(xué)重、難點(diǎn)】
教學(xué)重點(diǎn):學(xué)會(huì)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)描述歷史古跡,能夠就課文進(jìn)行復(fù)述。
教學(xué)難點(diǎn):學(xué)生能夠就本課內(nèi)容進(jìn)行靈活縮寫(xiě)。
【課前準(zhǔn)備】
準(zhǔn)備歌曲《巴比倫河》,空中花園各種版本的圖片、與課文內(nèi)容相關(guān)的王子圖片、巴格達(dá)圖片、伊拉克戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)圖片、和平鴿圖片等。將以上圖片和歌曲及需要在課堂進(jìn)行提問(wèn)的問(wèn)題、課堂反饋練習(xí)等制成課件。
【教學(xué)思路】
本課借助多媒體輔助教學(xué)手段,采用任務(wù)型語(yǔ)言教學(xué),并由一個(gè)任務(wù)鏈把課堂教學(xué)活動(dòng)串起來(lái),通過(guò)“欣賞美景——穿越空中花園——復(fù)述課文——發(fā)表感受——書(shū)寫(xiě)倡議書(shū)”等環(huán)節(jié)的設(shè)置,使學(xué)生帶著濃厚的興趣完成對(duì)空中花園的了解和描述。通過(guò)學(xué)生最感興趣的“穿越”的細(xì)節(jié)設(shè)置,使學(xué)生置身于情境中,增添了課堂的趣味性和互動(dòng)性。對(duì)空中花園的神秘的美的宣揚(yáng)與伊拉克現(xiàn)狀的慘痛的對(duì)比,使學(xué)生呼喚世界和平的美好情感油然而生。
【教學(xué)過(guò)程】
Step 1 Leading-in
T:Morning, everyone! Let’s enjoy some beautiful sights together, OK?
S: OK!
T: Tell me what you see.
S: Fruit, flowers, waterfalls, strange animals, tall trees.
T: Can you describe them with one word?
S: Brilliant, exciting, interesting, beautiful, nice, enormous, excellent, fantastic.
T: In what place can you see all of them?
S: Parks, forests, gardens...
T: Well, maybe we can see all the beautiful things in one place named The Hanging Gardens of Babylon. Let’s begin Unit 2 The King was born in 604 BC. Please read aloud the text.
(設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明:教師在屏幕上打出水果、鮮花、瀑布、珍奇動(dòng)物、參天大樹(shù)……讓學(xué)生用形容詞描述所看到的。然后引導(dǎo)學(xué)生聯(lián)想那會(huì)是什么地方。這樣在視覺(jué)感受上,讓學(xué)生對(duì)空中花園的印象更直觀,吸引學(xué)生的注意力,引發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣。)
Step 2 Reading the text and answer questions
T: (Make sure the students have finished reading the text.)Please answer the questions one by one.
1.Which country were the Hanging Gardens said to be found in?
2.Has it existed in the minds of Greek poets?
3.What is the ancient name for Iraq?
4.What is the modern name for the ancient country of Babylon?
5.When were the Hanging Gardens thought to be built?
6.Who is Nebuchadnezzar?
7.When was Nebuchadnezzar born and when did he die?
8.Are all the descriptions about the Hanging Gardens of Babylon the same?
9.Did the Hanging Gardens really exist?
10.Do you think the Hanging Gardens of Babylon will be known forever?
T: Give the answers to these questions according to the text.(Before this class, the students have prepared them.)
(設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明:給學(xué)生大約5分鐘的時(shí)間朗讀課文。讀完課文后對(duì)課前布置的預(yù)習(xí)題的第一部分的答案進(jìn)行檢查。由于這10道題是緊扣文章而設(shè),所以在這一過(guò)程完成后,學(xué)生會(huì)對(duì)文章的內(nèi)容有更清晰的認(rèn)識(shí),為下一個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)的“穿越”做準(zhǔn)備。)
Step 3 “Go Through” the Gardens
T: OK, boys and girls, we’ve learned something about the Gardens now. Do you like going there by yourselves?
S: Yes.
T: Great! Let’s go through to the Hanging Gardens of Babylon together. Let’s begin our mysterious journey named “Go Through”. (Play a beautiful music at the same time.)
S: Yeah, Let’s go!
T: (Point to the map on the Screen)If we want to go the
Hanging Gardens of Babylon, where should we go, Iran or Iraq?
S: (answer together) Iraq!
T: Well done! Do you know the ancient name of Iraq? Is there a very famous river in it? What’s its name?
S: The ancient name is Babylon. It’s near the famous River Euphrates.
T: Right! (Show the students the map of Iraq.)Which direction should we choose? (Point to the North and the South) How far is it away from Baghdad?
S: We should go to the South 50km away.
T: Do you know who built the Gardens? What did he do it for?
S: A king’s son built it to please his wife.
T: You’re right. Now we’ve arrived at the Gardens. But there are some different gardens here. Guess which is the Hanging Gardens?
S: (Think it for a minute) Any garden is possible.
T: Why?
S: Because all the descriptions were different from one another. Whether the Gardens existed or not, they will forever be known as one of the Seven Wonders of the World.
T: OK. Now we are in the Gardens. Let’s enjoy them!
(After a while, when the students are watching the screen, some pictures and sounds about wars in Iraq appeared suddenly.) Wow, I’m sorry to see and hear that. What about you?
S: Me, too. (Answer together)
T: But that’s the truth in Iraq. We have to end this trip. Boys and girls, I think you have a lot of words to say about the Hanging Gardens. Please describe it.
(設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明:本環(huán)節(jié)主要內(nèi)容是以課文為主,設(shè)計(jì)成學(xué)生感興趣的穿越游戲,使學(xué)生感到更接近歷史古跡,產(chǎn)生好奇感和探究意識(shí)。尤其把炮火中的伊拉克拿來(lái)對(duì)比,給學(xué)生帶來(lái)震撼的同時(shí),激發(fā)了學(xué)生愛(ài)好和平的思想感情。)
Step 4 Students repeat the text
T: Who’d like to say something about the Gardens first?
S: (Hands up) I’m glad to say it. As we all know...
T: (Some students have described it.)What do you think of these pictures about wars?
S: I’m very sad to see them. I hope the war in Iraq should be stopped because the children there were so poor.
S: Yeah, something must be done. People there need peaceful place to live in.
T: Right, peace is important for all of us. What should we do now?
S: Study hard!
T: OK, let’s finish an exercise.( Show the exercise on the screen.)
(設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明:教師啟發(fā)鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生對(duì)剛才的“穿越經(jīng)歷”進(jìn)行描述,即對(duì)課文進(jìn)行復(fù)述。根據(jù)學(xué)情可以通過(guò)屏幕給出提示短語(yǔ),鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生談感受。在學(xué)生對(duì)最后出現(xiàn)的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)畫(huà)面談感受和觀點(diǎn)時(shí),教師引導(dǎo)學(xué)生從巴比倫曾經(jīng)的美麗到伊拉克現(xiàn)實(shí)的殘酷展開(kāi)討論。)
Step 5 Exercise in class
Sample:
The Gardens 1 ___________in Iraq, 2_________ ancient name is 3_________. People are not sure 4 ___________the Gardens really existed or not. It 5 _______ that the Gardens 6___________by a famous king for his 7______. He wanted to 8his wife 9 ___________. However, writings from the time of Nebuchadnezzar did not include the 10_____________ of the Gardens. In fact, all the writings described the gardens 11 _________. No 12 ________ whether the Gardens existed or not, we’ll 13 __________ the Gardens 14 ______one of the Seven Wonders 15 __________ the world.
(設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明:在對(duì)課文進(jìn)行口頭復(fù)述后,學(xué)生當(dāng)堂完成本節(jié)課的課堂反饋練習(xí)即課文填空部分。題型的設(shè)置旨在鏈接中考閱讀理解D的形式。這一部分既是對(duì)課文內(nèi)容的靈活重現(xiàn),既貼近中考,又考查了一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。)
Step 6 End with a song
T: (Play a song named Babylon River.)Well, boys and girls, you’ve done good jobs today. I believe you’ll study harder than before for the peace of the world. Can you?
S: Yes, we can!
(設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明:屏幕上出現(xiàn)和平鴿和橄欖枝,同時(shí)響起歌曲《巴比倫河》,使整節(jié)課的設(shè)計(jì)更具完整性。)
【教學(xué)反思】
本節(jié)課在課文講授和課堂反饋這兩個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)體現(xiàn)了教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)的創(chuàng)新之處。在設(shè)計(jì)這兩個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)時(shí),我是從以下幾方面考慮的:
首先,我把本篇課文設(shè)計(jì)成了一次穿越之行,學(xué)生經(jīng)過(guò)課前預(yù)習(xí)和本課導(dǎo)引部分的熱身,比較順利地完成了對(duì)課文梗概的了解和文章大意的復(fù)述。學(xué)生在這一環(huán)節(jié)里充分展示口語(yǔ),表現(xiàn)自我,成為學(xué)習(xí)的主人。與課文內(nèi)容相關(guān)或有所延伸的圖片、音樂(lè)、歌曲的輔助教學(xué),創(chuàng)設(shè)了良好的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)氛圍,有效調(diào)動(dòng)了學(xué)生的情緒和積極性。
其次,課堂反饋練習(xí)環(huán)節(jié),我把課文的重要內(nèi)容當(dāng)做題材,設(shè)計(jì)成中考題型,鏈接了中考的考點(diǎn),使學(xué)生高效地掌握了知識(shí),更好地領(lǐng)悟了課文重難點(diǎn)和中考考點(diǎn)。
最后,我對(duì)本節(jié)課的“穿越空中花園”這一環(huán)節(jié)又進(jìn)行了深刻的反思,發(fā)現(xiàn)存在這樣的問(wèn)題:1.對(duì)學(xué)生的口頭表達(dá)能力估計(jì)不足,一些學(xué)生沒(méi)有達(dá)到預(yù)期的目標(biāo)。而且由于時(shí)間的關(guān)系,很多學(xué)生沒(méi)有機(jī)會(huì)發(fā)言。2.課件制作得有些簡(jiǎn)單。如果把課件設(shè)計(jì)成多維立體的,更能增強(qiáng)真實(shí)感,活動(dòng)進(jìn)行的時(shí)候?qū)⒏芪龑W(xué)生的注意力。
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編輯/丁俊玲