讀寫(xiě)任務(wù)是2007年廣東高考英語(yǔ)改革出現(xiàn)的新題型,已歷時(shí)五年。我們嘗試通過(guò)這五年的高考試題,分析揭示它的考點(diǎn)所在。常考要點(diǎn)的經(jīng)典模板將會(huì)是你高考備考的秘密武器,一定不能錯(cuò)過(guò)。
一、高考真題回放
2007年高考題
假設(shè)你就是信中的Ari,父親在你出生的時(shí)候?qū)懥诉@封信。今天是父親50歲生日,你準(zhǔn)備以寫(xiě)信的方式,祝賀他的生日。以下是信的內(nèi)容(信的開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已經(jīng)為你寫(xiě)好):
1. 以約30個(gè)詞概括父親在他信中對(duì)你的期望;
2. 以約120個(gè)詞表達(dá)你對(duì)父親的感恩,并包括如下要點(diǎn):
(1)讀信后的感受;
(2)以你自己成長(zhǎng)的經(jīng)歷說(shuō)明你的感受;
(3)表達(dá)你對(duì)父親的感激和祝福。
2008年高考題
學(xué)校最近組織了一次中美學(xué)生交流活動(dòng),你參加其中的“大學(xué)校園生活”討論。聽(tīng)完Mike的發(fā)言之后,你準(zhǔn)備寫(xiě)一份發(fā)言稿,題目是“Preparing Myself for College Life”,內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)包括:
1. 以約30個(gè)詞概括Mike的發(fā)言要點(diǎn);
2. 然后以約120個(gè)詞談?wù)勀憷硐氲拇髮W(xué)生活,內(nèi)容包括:
(1) 對(duì)中學(xué)生活的感受;
(2) 理想的大學(xué)生活;
(3) 中學(xué)生活和大學(xué)生活的差別,以及你打算如何適應(yīng)。
2009年高考題
[寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容]
1. 以約30個(gè)詞概括這段短文的內(nèi)容;
2. 然后以約120個(gè)詞就“該不該禁止游客和動(dòng)物拍照”進(jìn)行議論,內(nèi)容包括:
(1)人們?cè)趨⒂^動(dòng)物園時(shí)為什么喜歡和動(dòng)物拍照;
(2)假如你處在那些動(dòng)物的處境,你會(huì)有什么反應(yīng);
(3)你認(rèn)為是否應(yīng)該禁止游客和動(dòng)物拍照。
2010年高考題
[寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容]
1. 以約30詞概括上文的主要內(nèi)容。
2. 以約120詞對(duì)用金錢(qián)鼓勵(lì)孩子學(xué)習(xí)的現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行議論,內(nèi)容包括:
(1)你對(duì)用金錢(qián)鼓勵(lì)孩子學(xué)習(xí)的看法:
(2)你的父母(或其他親人)是如何鼓勵(lì)你學(xué)習(xí)的;
(3)你認(rèn)為怎樣才能更好地鼓勵(lì)孩子學(xué)習(xí)。
2011年高考題
1. 以約30詞概括上文的主要內(nèi)容。
2. 以約120詞講述一次你(或你的朋友)想家的經(jīng)歷,內(nèi)容包括:
(1)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和起因;
(2)想家對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)和生活帶來(lái)的影響;
(3)你(或你的朋友)是如何應(yīng)對(duì)的。
二、高考考點(diǎn)歸納
分析近五年的高考題,讀寫(xiě)任務(wù)由概述和要點(diǎn)寫(xiě)作兩個(gè)部分組成,而常考的要點(diǎn)有:
三、常考要點(diǎn)模板
1. 舉例說(shuō)明。
針對(duì)這種要點(diǎn)寫(xiě)作時(shí),可以依照基礎(chǔ)寫(xiě)作中記敘文夾敘夾議的寫(xiě)作方法來(lái)寫(xiě)。即:總起概括■敘述事件■(發(fā)表感想或意見(jiàn))。
[例1]以“助人”為主題,敘述你在學(xué)習(xí)或生活上幫助別人或接受別人幫助的一次經(jīng)歷。闡述你對(duì)這件事的感受與體會(huì)。
(總起概括)One of my experiences serves as a good example.
(敘述事件) There was a time when I performed badly in my math. It seemed that no matter how hard I tried, I still failed. Upset and disappointed, I fell ill and had to be in hospital for a couple of days. Hearing what had happened to me, Lily, my monitor, came to the hospital, helping me with my schoolwork. It was with her aid that I recovered soon and improved myself in math rapidly.
(發(fā)表感想)I feel really grateful for what she had done.
[例2]講訴一次你(或你的朋友)想家的經(jīng)歷(包括時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和起因)。(2011廣東高考)
(總起概況)Actually, my own experience of feeling homesick can be cited as an illustration.
(敘述事件) When I was merely 13 years old,I was sent to a boarding school. Due to the fact that I had never been away from home for so long, I really suffered a great deal. Every minute, my mind was conquered by numerous pictures of my home, my lovable parents and everything related.
(發(fā)表感想)Without doubt, it was hard for me to fix my attention on studies at that time.
考場(chǎng)寫(xiě)作秘訣:例子部分不宜過(guò)長(zhǎng),建議用3-4個(gè)句子(注意句式的運(yùn)用),別忘了說(shuō)明你的感受、感悟或影響。
2. 觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度。
針對(duì)這類(lèi)要點(diǎn)寫(xiě)作時(shí),可以按以下順序來(lái)寫(xiě):發(fā)表觀點(diǎn)(開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山)■列舉理由■(強(qiáng)調(diào)總結(jié))。
[例3]對(duì)“獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)學(xué)生看電視或玩電腦的時(shí)間”發(fā)表你的看法。
(開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山表明立場(chǎng)) After taking it into careful consideration, I don’t think it wise for parents to reward their children with screen time.
(列舉理由) Although screen time can make students do their homework, it may also affect them. Students may get addicted to their screen time and refuse to spend time outside. In addition, rewarding children’s good behavior with screen time can make the children gradually lose their sense of responsibility.
[例4]對(duì)“一次做好一件事”的觀點(diǎn)發(fā)表看法,并給出理由。
(表明觀點(diǎn))I can’t agree more with the speaker.
(列舉理由) Sometimes, people take it for granted that they can cope with many things at a time. However, it turned out that they failed to do anything well.
(強(qiáng)調(diào)總結(jié))Therefore, the significance of focusing on one thing at a time can never be overstated.
3.列舉做法或建議。
針對(duì)這類(lèi)寫(xiě)作要點(diǎn),可以按以下順序進(jìn)行:總起概括■列舉做法■(強(qiáng)調(diào)收尾/表達(dá)憧憬)。
[例5]就過(guò)度捕殺動(dòng)物的現(xiàn)象,談?wù)勀銓?duì)改變這一現(xiàn)象的建議。
(總起概括)In my view, to protect the animals from overhunting, effective measures should be taken without delay.
(列舉做法)In my opinion, it’s necessary to set up more preserves for them. And more importantly, we should promote people’s awareness, telling them how serious the current situation is. Last but not least, we should make it illegal to hunt endangered animals.
(強(qiáng)調(diào)收尾,表達(dá)憧憬)With the above measures taken , we can surely live in harmony with animals./ Only by adopting the above measures can human beings live in harmony with animals.
[例6]你是如何應(yīng)對(duì)想家的,對(duì)你學(xué)習(xí)和生活帶來(lái)的影響。(2011廣東高考)
(總起概括,自然過(guò)渡)In an effort to free myself from that awful feeling, I turned to my teachers and classmates for help.
(列舉做法,具體經(jīng)歷)Thanks to my teachers’ guidance, I quickly adjusted myself and devoted my time and energy to my studies. More importantly, by communicating more with my classmates, I got along well with them.
(結(jié)尾強(qiáng)調(diào)應(yīng)對(duì)的成效)To my delight, great progress was made in all the subjects at the end of the term.
四、必背句型
1. 讀后的感受或啟示。
(1)Reading the story, I felt sorry/ ashamed for... 讀完故事后,我為……而感到遺憾/ 慚愧。
(2)After reading the letter,I was moved by... 看完這封信后,我為……而感動(dòng)
(3)Having read the passage, I acquire a better understanding of... 讀完文章后,我對(duì)……有了深刻了理解)
(4)The moment I finished reading the passage, I was lost in thought. 讀完文章的那一刻,我陷入了沉思)
(5)What I learned from the passage is that…從文章中,我懂得了……
(6)What inspired / impressed me most is that …讓我最受啟發(fā)/ 讓我印象深刻的是……
2. 經(jīng)歷類(lèi)。
(1)It reminds me of a similar experience.
(2)Take sth for instance/ as an example.
(3)It occurred to me that my friend had a similar experience. 我突然想起我朋友的一次相似的經(jīng)歷。
(4)...serves as a good example to prove that... ……是很好的說(shuō)明了……(高級(jí))
(5)One of my friends’ experiences is a convincing example.我朋友的一次經(jīng)歷最有說(shuō)服力(高級(jí))。
回想從前的句型:
(6)There was a time when... 曾經(jīng)有一段時(shí)期……
(7)I still remember the day when... 我仍然記得……的日子
列舉事例的句型:
(8)Such cases frequently happen in our daily life. 類(lèi)似的案例在日常生活當(dāng)中時(shí)有發(fā)生。
(9)Such examples can be easily found in our daily life. 類(lèi)似的例子在我們?nèi)粘I钪须S處可見(jiàn)。
(10)There are similar examples in our daily life. 在我們的日常生活中也有類(lèi)似的例子。
3. 發(fā)表觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度。
(1)贊同。
I totally agree with the writer. 我完全同意作者的觀點(diǎn)。
I can’t agree more with the writer.我完全贊同作者的看法。(高級(jí))
I share the same idea with the writer. 我的觀點(diǎn)與作者相同。
(2)反對(duì)。
After taking it into careful consideration, I don’t think it wise / appropriate/ proper for sb to sth在充分的考慮之后,我認(rèn)為……是不明智/合適的。(委婉的表示不贊同)
4. 列舉做法 (建議)。
(1)To solve this problem,...have a very important role to play. 要解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題, ……的作用舉足輕重。
(2)To help poor students to cope with reality, joint efforts from schools, families and poor students themselves are needed. 要幫助貧困學(xué)生應(yīng)付現(xiàn)狀,需要學(xué)校、家庭和貧困學(xué)生本人的共同努力。
(3)In an effort to protect...from being...,effective measures should be taken without delay.為了保護(hù)……,我們要采取有效的措施,刻不容緩。
表達(dá)建議或做法的句型:
(5)It’s my suggestion that... 我建議……
(6)It’s necessary that...……是必要的
(7)We are supposed to... 我們應(yīng)該……
(8)What needs to be done urgently is...最緊迫的事情是……(高級(jí))
(9)As a student, what we should do is... 作為學(xué)生,我們應(yīng)該……
強(qiáng)調(diào)、呼吁的句型:
(10)Only in this way can we...
(11)Only by adopting the above measures can human beings live in harmony with animals. only 倒裝句型的運(yùn)用(高級(jí))
(12)With these measures taken , we can surely...通過(guò)采取以上辦法,我們一定能...(高級(jí))
(13)It is our duty/responsibility to... 我們有義務(wù)/責(zé)任……
(14)It is high time that we should... 我們?cè)缭摗?/p>
(15)Let’s take immediate action to... before it is too late. 趁還不太晚,我們趕快行動(dòng)起來(lái)……
5.分析原因。
(1)The causes of the problem can be listed as follows. (問(wèn)題的成因分析如下)
(2)The following factors may contribute to this phenomenon. (以下是導(dǎo)致這個(gè)現(xiàn)象的因素)
(3)Various factors might result in the above phenomenon. (多個(gè)因素導(dǎo)致以上現(xiàn)象)
(作者單位:肇慶市四會(huì)中學(xué))
責(zé)任編校蔣小青
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