讀寫任務中“提出建議或措施”類段落寫法

一、經典段落展示

1. When it comes to how to keep healthy， some fundamental principles should be brought/ kept in mind. First of all ， keep a balanced diet， which includes fruits and vegetables， as well as whole grains， because they provide vitamins and they help in the process of digestion. Besides ， do exercise regularly. Even gentle exercise， such as walking， can have great benefits for our health if it is done on a regular basis. What’s more ， take time to relax and renew our spirit and mental energy every day. Getting too tired all the time may definitely weaken our defense system， making us get sick easily. (How to Keep Healthy)

2. All these symptoms have terrible effects on our exams and here is some advice on how to get rid of them. To begin with ， have a right attitude towards exams. Actually， exams are no more than a means of checking what we have learned. Furthermore ， . Only in

this way can we avoid suffering from the pressure of exams. Last but not the least ， keep a peaceful mind before and during the exam. Going out for a walk or doing some outdoor exercises helps to relax. Besides， enough sleep or a glass of milk before going to bed is useful as well. (How to Overcome the Pressure from Exams)

3. Beyond doubt， it is high time that we dealt with the problem of heavy traffic. everyone should obey the traffic rules， which helps to decrease the number of traffic accidents， thus speeding up the flow of buses and cars. In addition， improve the hardware of traffic such as broadening roads， building the elevated railways and subways. Meanwhile， ask more people to use the public transportation rather than drive their own cars. (How to Solve the Problem of Heavy Traffic)

4. Then， how to achieve success? to begin with a reasonably realistic goal and make earnest efforts to attain it， rather than aim at something so far beyond our reach that we are bound to fail. cultivate a habit of constant perseverance. Besides ， one’s success —knowing how to deal with failure. (

) If optimism prepares people for any possible hardships or failure on the way to success， self-confidence will help people conquer everything. In a word， these personal qualities make success a certainty. (How to Achieve Success)

二、段落結構剖析

“提出建議/措施”段落的一般寫作模式：主題句+支撐句。

主題句起總領作用，要么提出某個問題很嚴重，亟待引起重視或解決；要么說明解決某個問題有幾種方案。

支撐句則是具體的建議或措施。為了使內容更充實，可以適當地解釋采取某個建議或措施的原因或引起的結果等。當然，建議或措施之間需注意詳略得當。

三、套語模句借鑒

1. 主題句

(1)When it comes to ××， some fundamental principles should be brought in mind/ my suggestions are as follows.

(2)Accordingly/ Consequently/ Therefore， it is imperative for us to take some measures.

Beyond doubt， it is (high) time that we dealt with the problem/ we should solve this problem as soon as possible.

(3)To solve the problem of ××/ For the sake of ...， effective measures should be adopted.

In view of the severity of this problem， effective measures must be taken.

Many ways contribute to solving this serious problem.

(4)How to ...? (反問句)

2. 支撐句

(1)The most effective way to ×× is ...

The best way/ Another way to ×× is ...

The key to ×× is ...

(2)It is (very/ also) important/ vital/ essential/ necessary/ advisable/ (for us) to ...

It’s better if ...

It is the key point that ...

It is essential/ advocated that ...

(3)sb. had better/ have to/ need to/ be supposed to/ be required to/ must/ should do sth.

(4)... helps/ plays an important role/ has a lot to do with ××/ holds the key

... be essential/ useful/ helpful (as well).

... be (also) a useful way/ measure to ××

(5)There is another rule/ factor that contributes to ×× -- ...

(6)Of equal importance is ...

What we should do first is ...

What counts most is ...

3. 連接詞

常用的有first of all， to start with， to begin with， in the first place， most importantly， above all， first and foremost， moreover， furthermore， in addition， additionally， besides， in the meanwhile， last but not the least， for one thing， for another thing等。

四、實戰演練

1. 你認為父母應該如何鼓勵孩子做家務。

2. 如何預防網癮。

3. 如何才能建立良好的師生關系。

五、綜合練習

閱讀下面的短文，然后按照要求寫一篇150詞左右的英語短文。

On August 4， a sixteen-year-old girl was crashed into by a black Porsche Cayenne and dead while crossing the street in Hangzhou City. The driver， 29-year-old Wei Zhigang， and his fiancé， who was also in the car when the accident took place， were both found drunk. According to witnesses， the Porsche Cayenne was speeding at more than 80 kilometers per hour at the time.

The victim， Ma Fangfang， is a waitress in a restaurant in Hangzhou. She was walking on the zebra crossing when the Porsche Cayenne violently charged toward her and knocked her away.

Ironically， the zebra crossing where the accident took place is titled the “Zebra Crossing of Loving Hearts” in memory of the May 7 car accident in Hangzhou.

On May 7， nineteen-year-old Hu Bin， knocked a man to death when he was driving his sports car at an extremely fast pace between 84.1 k/h to 101.2 k/h. Hu was sentenced into prison for three years， according to the final judgment declared by the Xihu District Court in Hangzhou， on July 20.

Out of a hope for better traffic regulation and more drivers with loving hearts， Hangzhou City has since set up several special zebra crossings， which are wider， color-changed， and feature loving hearts wrapped up in the middle.

Wei Zhigang， the driver of the Porsche Cayenne， together with his fiancé， was detained and investigated by the Public Security Organ in Hangzhou.

[寫作內容]

1. 以約30個詞概括文章的內容；

2. 然后以約120個詞就“如何減少交通事故”的主題發表看法，并包括如下要點：

⑴ 簡述交通事故給我們帶來的危害；

⑵ 造成交通事故的主要原因；

⑶ 減少交通事故應該采取哪些措施。

參考范文

實戰演練

1. In recognition of the significance of housework， parents should actively involve their children in the household chores. To begin with ， they teach children a sense of responsibility from childhood. Additionally， parents make the housework itself interesting by adding to games or entertainment. What’s more， words of praise or small prizes after housework ， for they promote children’s

motivation.

2. However， people who can't control themselves well are easily addicted to the Internet. For those users， I would like to give some advice. First of all， be aware of the bad influence of Internet addiction. Secondly， take an active part in outdoor activities with our families or friends， which can distract us from the Internet. Last but not the least， concentrate on our study and find happiness and pleasure from it.

3. To set up a good relationship， students should show respect for teachers and appreciate their efforts. teachers treat every student without discrimination. Besides， there is another rule -- teachers and students communicate more with each other， which results in better mutual understanding.

綜合練習

A young lady was struck to death by a Porsche Cayenne. This is another serious car accident happening in Hangzhou after the case of Hubin， who killed a young university graduate， Tan Zhuo， while speeding his car in May.

In recent years， traffic accidents come about frequently in our country， which kill a great number of people every day and disable many more people. Traffic accidents not only cause a great loss of property， but also bring endless pain to many families.

There are various causes of traffic accidents， among which the main one is the drivers' breaking the traffic law and regulations， such as speeding， drowsy driving and driving after drinking alcohol. Apart from that， some cyclists and pedestrians lack enough safety awareness， leading to more accidents.

In view of the severity of the problem， some immediate and effective measures should be takrn. To start with， the government make good use of mass media to enhance the public's awareness of traffic safety， making sure most people will obey the rules. Besides， it enforce some rigid rules to punish those rule-breakers. As for drivers， they attach importance to traffic safety and take life seriously. Never drive a car when drunk or overtake to seek excitement. In the meanwhile， pedestrians break traffic rules just for convenience.

(作者單位：佛山市南海中學)

責任編校 蔣小青