閱讀理解題解題攻略

一、 試題的考查維度

1. 話題

這類題目要求考生選擇一個適合文章的標題，測試考生領會文章或段落大意的能力。 例如：

…

After her mother blew out two mouthfuls of breath into her little cold hands， the little girl clenched her fists(握拳) nervously， afraid that the “breath of courage” would run away. Then with her fists clenched， she walked out of the bedroom towards the bathroom with nothing to fear.

Her mother said to herself， “It will be nice if someone can blow some kind of ‘breath’ to me. Then I can hold it in my hands too when I feel terrified or lost.”

In fact， mostly， what we are terrified of is nothing but the fear in our mind. Who we should defeat(戰勝) is nobody but ourselves. （2010年武漢中考題。保留原題號。下同。）

60. Which is the best title of the passage?

A. The Fearless Mother B. One Lonely Girl

C. One midnight D. The Breath of Courage

【簡析】根據小女孩和媽媽的對話以及小女孩的動作，尤其是文章最后一節的總結，可以選出一個最適合本文的標題“The Breath of Courage”。選D。

2. 題旨

一篇文章通常是圍繞一個中心思想展開的。有的作者喜歡先做結論，常常把開頭的一句話作為主題句。也有些作者喜歡后做結論， 那么主題句則放在結尾。還有不少文章的中心思想貫穿在全文中，要弄清文章的中心思想，則須具備一定的歸納概括能力。例如：

…

Then， smiling， she added， “You will all pass this course， but remember that your education has just begun.” (2011年常州中考題)

25. Why did the professor design the final exam in such a way?

A. To make the students realize that they still had much to learn after graduation.

B. To find out whether the students could put what they had learned into practice.

C. To show that she had much more knowledge than her students in engineering.

D. To examine whether the students learned what they had been taught in her class.

【簡析】全文介紹了一次考試，但本文的主題不僅是為了介紹這次考試的經過，最后一節很清楚地說明了教授設計這次不同尋常的考試的意圖，也就是本文的中心思想，是希望學生意識到畢業后仍然有很多需要學習的東西。B選項是正確的。

3. 細節

細節，是歸納、概括中心思想的基礎。命題人往往要求考生細讀文章后獲取某些固定的信息，尋找細節。

London taxi drivers not only “take” but also “give”. Every summer hundreds of poor children from London go for a day at the sea ― by taxi! These rides are paid by the taxi drivers. After a happy days running around the beaches and visiting the market there， the children go home again by taxi， free of charge of course! （2011年無錫中考題）

34. How do London taxi drivers “give”?

A. They give the poor children a lunch party at he sea each summer.

B. They give poor children the chance to meet the mayor.

C. They pay for some poor childrens rides for a days tour each summer.

D. They play with some poor children at the sea for a day each summer.

【簡析】根據問題，直接到文章相關的章節里去尋找。該題的答案就在節選的這一段中，根據“These rides are paid by the taxi drivers.” 和另一句“… the children go home again by taxi， free of charge of course!”就可以得知選項C是正確答案。

4. 寓意

每篇文章都有一定的寫作目的。有的作者不明確表示自己的意圖，而是暗含在文章之中。這類問題要求考生在讀了文章之后，能領悟作者的言外之意。例如： 原文略（2011年常州中考題）

29. What can we know from the passage?

A. Even if we dont have good relationships with others， we neednt work at it.

B. Even if someone is not important to us， we still need to treat him politely.

C. Even if we are willing to learn from our mistakes， we are still to be blamed.

D. Even if the situation cannot be changed， we still need to worry much about it.

【簡析】通讀全文后可以悟出文章的寓意，即“即使某人對我們來說不重要，我們也該禮貌對待他。”因此B選項是正確的。

5. 推斷

有些文章要求讀者在理解全文的基礎上，通過分析、推理、判斷，得出結論。例如：

… We are now inviting secondary school students to help. We need more people to help us count and do something to help the birds. Many people do not understand the importance of the wetlands. We hope this information will help them understand and make them actively take action to protect wildlife. (2011年宿遷中考題)

43. The purpose of the article is to .

A. attract more visitors to pay a visit to Zhalong Nature Reserve

B. ask people to take action to protect wetlands and wildlife

C. prevent people from watching birds in Zhalong Nature Reserve

D. make people around the world know the Birdwatching Club

【簡析】文章的最后一節，尤其是最后一句表達了本文的寫作目的和全文的主題，因此B選項是正確答案。

6. 詞義

此類試題要求考生對沒有學過的詞，能通過上下文或文章中出現的同義詞、近義詞甚至是對文章通篇意思的理解去猜測。例如：

Hit the sales. No one wants to get up at four oclock in the morning and fight to get a good deal (交易) on Black Friday (the first Friday at Christmas time). Its surely very difficult to pick up the courage and get out there in the cold for a good deal， but sometimes it can be well worth. Many retailers (零售商) offer specials all through the day. Some even offer online Black Friday specials， so we may still be able to get a great deal on Black Friday. （2011年鹽城中考題）

42. The underlined word “specials” in Paragraph 2 means .

A. 贈品 B. 奢侈品 C. 特價商品 D. 圣誕禮品

【簡析】根據本段落的小標題以及本節的文字描述，尤其是含有 “specials”句的前一句話“but sometimes it can be well worth”給了暗示，因此本題正確的答案是C。

二、 備考注意事項

1. 形成良好的心理。閱讀時要去掉雜念，心緒安定，精神專一，產生愜意的順向心理，形成大腦皮層的優勢興奮中心。切不可一遇到生詞難句就心煩意亂，失去自控能力。心理學家告訴我們，任何恐慌和過分緊張的情緒都會形成一種消極因素，妨礙大腦的正常思維功能。因此，遇到困難時一定要從容不迫，心無旁騖。這樣才能對所讀的文章印象清晰，理解深刻。

2. 提高視讀的速度。閱讀能力的考查從某種意義上來說考的是閱讀速度。中考英語閱讀理解文章每篇均達到250詞以上，慢讀是不行的。因此做閱讀理解時，要注意培養快速閱讀的習慣。閱讀時眼球要不斷地“移動——停頓——移動”。理解是在“眼停”的瞬間進行的。要使眼停的時間相對增加，就要擴大視讀的廣度，把逐詞逐句的點式閱讀變成一次掃描一句的線式閱讀，并且把看到的東西迅速報告給大腦，形成眼腦較快的直映能力。切不可在個別難懂的詞句上磨蹭，只要全篇理解了，個別難懂的詞句也可以根據上下文和構詞法去猜測，去推斷。

3. 培養良好的語感。所謂語感，是指人們對語言中的詞語搭配及句型結構的熟練程度。語感好的人，理解力強，視讀的速度快。閱讀時要留心詞語的搭配，即慣用法。必要時可劃一劃或記下來。平時讀完每一篇文章，都應總結歸納，積累詞匯、慣用法和句型，這樣語感自然就會逐漸好起來。

三、 自主檢測練習

If we want our children to grow up healthy and strong， we need to include more fresh foods in their diets. More and more children and adolescents are now considered overweight or obese. Fast food and poorquality readytoeat meals are becoming a regular part of the average diet. The good news is that cooking more healthfully for your family is easy.

In this book， bestselling childrens food author Annabel Karmel applies her fresh， creative cooking style to focus on the family and shows how you—and your children—can enjoy time spent in the kitchen preparing everyday dishes that are delicious， nutritious， and often just plain fun to make and eat!

Here is a collection of alltime favorite meals. Parents will find inspiration for meals for all occasions， including burgers， lowfat dishes， nutritious lunch box fare， family suppers， and even adult dinner parties.

If youre a busy parent and serve the same meals week in and week out， or if youre tired of making different meals for each member of your family， this book is for you. Karmel offers practical guidelines and provides timesaving tips for making meal planning easier.

This book offers useful ways to improve your whole familys diet， as well as advice on promoting good nutrition to children because it is important to prepare healthy food for kids and attract kids to eat it.

Details

● List Price: 22.76 ● Price: 15.76

● Amazon Sales Rank: #149661 in Books ● Original language: English

● Dimensions: 0.79\" H×9.58\" W×9.42\" D 12.07 pounds

● Binding: Hardcover ● 192 pages

● Usually ships in 24 hours

Ships from and sold by Amazon.com

1. If you buy this book now， how much can you save?

A. 3 B. 7 C. 15.76 D. 25

2. The advertised book is mainly about .

A. child education B. family traditions

C. cooking family meals D. losing weight

3. What kind of readers is the book probably written for?

A. Cooks in fastfood restaurants.

B. Managers in big restaurants.

C. Grandparents living alone.

D. Parents preparing meals for family members.

Keys:

1—3 BCD