院士風(fēng)采

王世真

1916.03.07～

核醫(yī)學(xué)家。原籍福建福州，生于日本千葉。1928年畢業(yè)于清華大學(xué)化學(xué)系。1948年和1949年在美國(guó)依阿華大學(xué)分別獲化學(xué)碩士、博士學(xué)位。中國(guó)協(xié)和醫(yī)科大學(xué)教授、中國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)院放射醫(yī)學(xué)研究所名譽(yù)所長(zhǎng)。1956年創(chuàng)辦中國(guó)第一個(gè)同位素應(yīng)用訓(xùn)練班。在中國(guó)創(chuàng)建了同位素標(biāo)記物合成、液閃測(cè)量、放免分析、醫(yī)用活化分析、穩(wěn)定核素醫(yī)學(xué)應(yīng)用、放免顯像等技術(shù)；系統(tǒng)地進(jìn)行了甲狀腺激素的示蹤研究，對(duì)中國(guó)核醫(yī)學(xué)的研究與應(yīng)用起了積極的推動(dòng)作用。

1980年當(dāng)選為中國(guó)科學(xué)院院士（學(xué)部委員）。

Nuclear medicine specialist. Born in Chiba,Japan. Graduated from the Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University in 1938. Received MS and Ph. D. of chemistry from University of Iowa, USA in 1948 and 1949, respectively. Professor, Peking Union Medical College, and honorary director, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.

Wang set up China’s first training course on the application of isotopes in 1956, developed the synthesis of labeled compounds, liquid scintillation counting, radioimmunoassay, biomedical activation analysis, medical application of stable nuclides, radioimmuno-imaging and various isotopic techniques in China. He carried out systematic tracer research of thyroid hormones and played an initiative and promotive role for the growth of nuclear medicine in China.

He was elected Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1980.

王伏雄

1913.10.16～1995.3.11

植物學(xué)家。浙江蘭溪人。1936年畢業(yè)于清華大學(xué)生物系，1941年清華大學(xué)研究員畢業(yè)，獲碩士學(xué)位。1946年獲美國(guó)伊利諾大學(xué)哲學(xué)博士學(xué)位。中國(guó)科學(xué)院植物研究所研究員。主要從事植物胚胎學(xué)和花粉形態(tài)學(xué)研究，特別對(duì)裸子植物胚胎學(xué)及系統(tǒng)演化方面有系統(tǒng)的研究和見(jiàn)解。在中國(guó)首先開(kāi)創(chuàng)近代植物花粉形態(tài)的研究。出版了許多專(zhuān)著，培養(yǎng)了一批有成就的人才。

1980年當(dāng)選為中國(guó)科學(xué)院院士（學(xué)部委員）。

Botanist. Born in Lanxi, Zhejiang Province. Graduated from the Department of Biology, Tsinghua University in 1936. Received MS from the Graduated School, Tsinghua University in 1941 and Ph.D. from Illinois University, USA in 1946. Research professor, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Wang is mainly engaged in the study of plant embryology and pollen morphology, especially systematic research on embryology of gymnosperms and systematic evolution of gymnosperms. He obtained profound insight and understanding. He initiated the study of pollen morphology of extant plants, published a lot of monographs and brought up a great number of accomplished talents.

He was elected Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1980.

王志均

1910.08.03～2000.12.04

生理學(xué)家。山西昔陽(yáng)人。1936年畢業(yè)于清華大學(xué)生物系。1950年獲美國(guó)伊利諾大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院哲學(xué)博士學(xué)位。北京醫(yī)科大學(xué)生理學(xué)教授。曾利用具有移植胰的狗，觀察各種食物在小腸中引起促胰液素和促胰酶素（即膽囊收縮素）釋放的情況，被認(rèn)為是食物引起胃腸激素釋放的定量研究的開(kāi)端；闡明迷走—胰島素系統(tǒng)，發(fā)現(xiàn)交感神經(jīng)對(duì)胰高血糖素的釋放作用，處于當(dāng)時(shí)世界領(lǐng)先水平；證實(shí)了迷走—胃泌素機(jī)制在胃液分泌神經(jīng)反射期中的重要意義；后發(fā)現(xiàn)有些胃腸激素具有細(xì)胞保護(hù)作用，提出細(xì)胞保護(hù)可能是胃腸激素的生理功能之一的假說(shuō)，已獲得不少證據(jù)支持。

1980年當(dāng)選為中國(guó)科學(xué)院院士（學(xué)部委員）。

Physiologist. Born in Xiyang, Shaanxi Province. Graduated from the Department of Biology, Tsinghua University in 1936. Research Ph. D. from the Medical School, University of Illinois, USA in 1950. Professor, Beijing Medical University.

Wang made use of dogs with transplanted pancreas to observe the release of secretin and pancreozymin (i.e. the cholecystokinin) caused by various kinds of food in small intestine. This work was regarded as the beginning of quantitative assessment of the gastrointestinal hormonal release caused by food. He clarified the vago-insulin system and first discovered the releasing effect of the sympathetic nerve on glucagon. He confirmed the significance of vagal-gastrin mechanism in the gastric secretion of psychic phase. In recent years, he found that some gastrointestinal hormones have cytoprotective effect and proposed a hypothesis that cytoprotection might be one of the physiologic functions of gastrointestinal hormones. This hypothesis is now supported by quite a few proofs.

He was elected Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1980.

王德寶

1918.05.07～2002.11.01

生物化學(xué)家。江蘇泰興人。1940年畢業(yè)于重慶中央大學(xué)。1951年獲美國(guó)西部保留地大學(xué)博士學(xué)位。1951～1954年在美國(guó)約翰·霍普金斯大學(xué)從事博士后研究。中國(guó)科學(xué)院上海生物化學(xué)研究所研究員。解決了輔酶A中第三個(gè)磷酸的位置，首創(chuàng)了從輔酶Ⅰ直接合成輔酶Ⅱ的大量制備方法，30年來(lái)為世界各大藥廠(chǎng)采用；在我國(guó)最早開(kāi)展了核酸生化的研究工作，是我國(guó)生產(chǎn)核苷酸類(lèi)助鮮劑的創(chuàng)始人；參加并領(lǐng)導(dǎo)世界首次人工合成酵母丙氨酸轉(zhuǎn)移核糖核酸（tRNA）的研究工作；人工合成了具有生物活性的酵母丙氨酸t(yī)RNA，使我國(guó)人工合成生物大分子的研究水平繼續(xù)居于世界領(lǐng)先地位，在這項(xiàng)研究中從方案設(shè)計(jì)到具體路線(xiàn)的制訂以及許多技術(shù)難關(guān)的解決，他都發(fā)揮了重要作用；1982年起從事酵母丙氨酸t(yī)RNA結(jié)構(gòu)功能的關(guān)系和tRNA中修飾核苷酸的生物功能等方面的研究。

1980年當(dāng)選為中國(guó)科學(xué)院院士（學(xué)部委員）。

Biochemist. Born in Taixing, Jiangsu Province. Graduated from Chongqing Central University in 1940. Received Ph. D. from Western Reserve University, USA in 1951. Undertook postdoctoral research in Johns Hopkins University from 1951 to 1954. Research professor, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Wang determined the position of the third phosphopate in CoA and first established the method for large scale preparation of CoE Ⅱ(NADP+) directly from CoE Ⅰ(NADP+), which has been adopted by many large pharmaceutical factories over the world in the past 30 years. He was the pioneer in China in the initiator in the production of flavor-enhancing nucleotides. He participated and led the research on the total synthesis of yeast alanine transfer RNA(tRNA) for the first time in the world, which made China’s research on the biomacromolecular synthesis rank the world leading position. In this project, he played an important role in designing both the program and the detailed pathway as well as in tackling with many technological difficulties. Since 1982, he has been studying the relations between the structure and function of yeast alanine tRNA, biological function of the modified nucleotides in tRNA, etc..

He was elected Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1980.