限定詞的考點歸納與解題指導

一、考點歸納

本文的限定詞包括冠詞、形容詞性物主代詞、充當定語的指示代詞和充當定語的不定代詞等。

1. 冠詞有a，an，the等。

2. 形容詞性物主代詞有my，your，his，her，its，our，their等。

3. 充當定語的指示代詞有this，that，these，those等。

4. 充當定語的不定代詞有other，another，some，any，all，each，every，many，much，little，few，both，neither，either等。

二、解法指導

在語法填空中，若名詞前沒有上述限定詞，尤其是單數可數名詞前，很有可能是填限定詞。結構一般是：限定詞+形容詞+名詞。填哪個限定詞，必須視句意和語境而定。

[例1]（2009年廣東）Besides，shopping at this time of the year was not ________ pleasant experience...

解析：因experience作“經歷”解，是可數名詞，即題中的experience是單數可數名詞，前面沒有限定詞，應填限定詞；句意：此外，在一年當中的這個時候去購物不是“一次”令人愉快的經歷。故填a。

[例2]（2010年廣東）A young man，while traveling through a desert，came across a spring of clear water. ________ water was sweet.

解析：前面出現過water，后面再次提到，故應該填定冠詞The。

[例3]（2011年廣東）We had ________ amazing conversation.

解析：單數可數名詞conversation前無限定詞，應填限定詞；表示“一次”用不定冠詞；又因為后面的單詞是以元音音素開頭，故用an。句意：我們進行了“一次”令人驚奇的對話。

[例4]（2011年廣東）But she quickly realized that it wasn’t her， it was probably the fact that she sat in ________ last row.

解析：序數詞前面一般用定冠詞the，如：the first， the second...等，故填the。

[例5]（2011年廣東）I didn’t want to be laughed at for talking to him but I didn’t like leaving him on ________ own either.

解析：因on one’s own是固定結構，是“單獨”的意思，故填his。

[例6]（2007年廣東）I had noticed three hens running free in my hostess’s courtyard and that night one of them ended up in a dish on my table. ________ villagers brought me goat’s cheese and hone.

解析：不定代詞充當定語，修飾后面的名詞villagers。句意：女主人熱心招待我，“其他的”村民也給我帶來了羊奶酪和蜂蜜。故填Other，也可填Some，指“有些村民”。

[例7]（2007年廣東）After the student left，the teacher let ________ student taste the water.

解析：單數可數名詞student前沒有限定詞，空格處應填限定詞。句意：那個學生離開之后，老師叫“另一個”學生來嘗一下水的味道。故填another。

三、即時練習

冠詞的陷阱 填a還是an？

1 university student 2 useful magazine

3 unbelievable experience 4 ugly face

5 honest person 6 hour

7 honour 8 European country

9 MP3 10 8-day holiday

11 X-ray examination 12 one-hundred-

meter race

單句填空 在下列各句的空格處填上一個恰當的限定詞。

1. The dog will wag _________ tail to welcome the guests.

2. If you don’t put _________ heart into studies，you tend to fall behind the _________ students in your class.

3. Do you want me to come _________ Friday or next Friday？

4. I think you’ll find _________ chairs more comfortable than those ones.

5. _________ student caught in examinations will be severely punished.

6. Some of my classmates are diligent while the _________ ones are quite lazy.

7. God helps _________ people who help themselves.

8. Which style do you prefer？This one or _________ one？

9. The eraser was passed from one student to _________ one and it finally returned to the teacher.

10. I pay a visit to my relatives every two months. That’s to say，I visit my relatives every _________ month.

11. There are stores on _________ side of the street. In other words，stores line _________ sides of the street.

12. I borrowed two magazines from Tom the other day，but I regretted reading them because I found _________ book was interesting or educational.

13. She is the _________ （little）popular and welcome girl in her class for the reason that she is mean and selfish.

14. Salaries are much higher here than _________ in my country.

15. There is no _________ thing as a free lunch in the world.

16. It is _________ a tough problem that we can’t solve it alone.

17. Lucy is _________ most beautiful girl，but she is not _________ most beautiful in her class.

18. This is _________ very useful dictionary and it’s _________ very dictionary I have been looking for.

19. -- It is _________ second time that I’ve made a speech on the stage.

-- Pardon？Will you please say that _________ second time？

20. Not only do nurses need to work in _________ day but they also have to work at night.

21. He took _________ trip to Beijing in _________ summer of 2007.

語篇填空 在下列短文的空格處填入一個恰當的限定詞。

（一）

Last Friday afternoon， we made 1 way home as usual after school， talking and laughing merrily. In front of us 2 elderly lady was walking in 3 careless way， with a basket in 4 right hand. Suddenly she was knocked down by

5 fast-moving car. Out of kindness， we immediately came up to her and found 6 legs bleeding badly. Without hesitation we sent her to 7 nearest hospital， where we waited anxiously， worrying about 8 safety. Eventually the doctor had 9 operation on 10 elderly lady successfully. Hearing 11 good news， 12 people present felt relieved and relaxed. Two hours later， she came to herself gradually and looked at us with 13 smile. To

14 amazement， she was able to walk properly simply after two days. What 15 miracle it was！Later，the elderly lady shared 16 story with us. Having no children of

17 own， she has to live on 18 own. And she doesn’t have 19 relatives either. Now that she is in

20 seventies，it’s inconvenient for her to do 21

（many）things. However，she never depends on 22 people because she has developed 23 habit of doing 24 things by herself. The old lady sets 25 very good example to us and we’re supposed to learn from her.

（二）

I’d like to share something about my school life with you. I’m

1 senior three student in 2 key middle school. When it comes to 3 school where I study， it is quite large，including seventy-five classes and 4 class consisting of fifty students or so. As for my class， girls take up 40% and 5 others are boys. In order to make 6 dreams come true， we spend so 7 time studying that we have too 8 time for relaxation and entertainment. 9 students in my class go all out for studies， but not 10 one of us can get satisfying marks. As for me， I’m faced with two major problems and one is that I don’t do well in math， 11 poorest subject for me. 12 problem is that I’m not open-minded enough.

13 is the reason why I have 14 intimate friends. However，I have confidence to overcome 15 problems mentioned above，for my headteacher is 16 easy-going person and the 17 （much） popular teacher of all in our eyes. He often helps 18 students in need of help. We’ve never seen 19 a generous man before！ We hold 20 firm belief that with 21 help and our efforts， we’re sure to achieve 22 ideals.

參考答案

冠詞的陷阱

1. a 2. a 3. an 4. an 5. an 6. an 7. an 8. a 9. an 10. an 11. an 12. a

技巧點撥：

（1）以u開頭的單詞，若u在該單詞中發的是本字母的音而又是泛指的話，前面就用不定冠詞a來修飾，如1和2題。

（2） 以u開頭的單詞，若u發的不是本字母的音而又是泛指的話，就用不定冠詞an來修飾，如3和4題。

（3）有些單詞是以元音字母開頭但讀音卻不是以元音音素開頭，表示泛指時要用不定冠詞a，如8和12。

（4）有的單詞不是以元音字母開頭，但讀音以元音音素開頭，表示泛指時則用不定冠詞an，如5，6和7題；9，10和11題，因為空白處后面的名詞以元音音素開頭，故用an。

單句填空

1. its 指代“狗的”（尾巴）。

2. your； other 前空put one’s heart into是固定搭配，意思是“潛心做某事”，后空“the other+名詞復數”表示“（固定范圍內）其他的”。

3. this“這”周，和“下”周相對。

4. these 和those相對。

5. Any 根據句意，所填詞表示“任何”之意，倘若student用了復數形式，填the也可以。

6. other 固定搭配：some... the other+名詞復數。

7. those 表示“那些”。

8. that 和this相對。

9. another 固定搭配 from one...to another。

10. other “每兩……”或“每隔一”可以用every two+名詞復數=every other+名詞單數。

11. either；both表示兩個當中的“任何一個”時，用“either+名詞單數”，表示“兩者都”時，用both，后接名詞復數。

12. neither表示“兩者都不”。

13. least表示“最不”。

14. those代替前面已提過的復數名詞。

15. such句型：such...as...類似……這樣的。

16. such句型 ：such...that...如此……以致……。

17. a；the“a + most”表示“一個非常……”，定冠詞“the +most”表示“最……”。

18. a；the 不定冠詞“a +very”表示“一個非常……”，定冠詞“the +very”表示強調，意思相當于“正是”。

19. the；a 前者“the +second time”表示“第二次”，而后者“a +second time”表示“再一次”。

20. the 固定結構in the day，意思是“在白天”。

21. a；the 第一個空表示泛指，第二個空表示特指。

語篇填空

（一）本文講述了我們幫助一位遭受車禍的老人的故事，老人頑強的意志和獨立的精神值得我們學習。

1. our 固定搭配 ：make one’s way to去……的途中。

2. an “一位”，表泛指。

3. a 固定搭配 in a ...way表示“以/用……的方式”。

4. her“她的”（右手）。

5. a“一輛”，表示泛指。

6. her“她的”（腿）。

7. the 形容詞最高級前用定冠詞the。

8. her 擔心“她的”安全。

9. an 搭配： have an operation（on sb.）（給某人）動手術。

10. the 前面已提及的名詞，用定冠詞the。

11. the 表特指。

12. all“所有的/全部”。

13. a 固定結構 with a smile表示“帶著微笑”。

14. our 固定結構： to our amazement讓我們感到驚愕的是。

15. a “一個”奇跡，表泛指。

16. her 老人和我們分享“她的”故事。

17. her 固定結構 of her own表示“她自己的”。

18. her 固定結構 on her own表示“她一個人”。

19. any 老人沒有“任何”親戚。

20. her 固定結構 in her seventies表示“她七十多歲”。

21. most 她做“大多數”事情都不方便，用最高級。

22. other 她很少依賴“別的”人。

23. the 固定結構 develop the habit of doing sth. 表示“養成做……的習慣”。

24. all 表示“一切/所有”事情，用all things。

25. a詞組： set a good example to為……樹立好榜樣。

（二）本文介紹了作者的學習情況和學校生活。

1. a“一位”學生，表示泛指。

2. a“一間”重點中學，表示泛指。

3. the 前面已提及的名詞，用定冠詞the。

4. each/every 表示“每一個”。

5. the 表示“（固定范圍內）其他的”，用the others。

6. our“我們的”（夢想）。

7. much“很多的”。

8. little“幾乎沒有”，time是不可數名詞。

9. All/The“所有的/全部”學生或是“我班的”學生。

10. every /each 不是“每個”學生都取得令人滿意的成績。

11. the 形容詞最高級前用定冠詞the。

12. Another 前面提到有兩個問題且說了一個，這里是“另一個；又一個”。

13. This/That“這/那”就是我幾乎沒有親密朋友的原因。

14. few 表示“幾乎沒有”，后面接可數名詞的復數。

15. both / the 這里指的是前面提到的問題。

16. an 這里是泛指，用不定冠詞。

17. most 后面的of all提示前面用最高級。

18. his/the/those 老師幫助“他的/那些”需要幫助的學生。

19. such“如此……的”

20. the 特指。

21. his 在“他的”幫助下。

22. our 實現“我們的”理想。

（作者單位：江門開平市第一中學）

責任編校 蔣小青