高中英語提綱類書面表達題把材料分割成信息塊,列成獨立的文字信息,對考生的寫作范圍作了較為明確的限制,不是簡單的翻譯,而是要求考生根據(jù)所給出的提示性文字,首先確定文章的中心思想,然后緊緊圍繞中心思想展開論述,表達主旨。其特點是:提綱既體現(xiàn)了文章的層次,又規(guī)定了各段大意的內(nèi)容,為考生提供了寫作思路。考生稍加思索、整理即可完成一篇文章。相對來說,它的限定性也較大。考生要掌握提綱類作文的以下寫作技巧:
1.認真審題并分析所給出的提綱,認清題目和提綱之間的關(guān)系,確定文章的主題、大致內(nèi)容。
2.每一個要點可以作為文章的一個段落層次,段落的展開應(yīng)圍繞提綱的中心內(nèi)容進行擴展,擴展部分要緊扣主題,合情合理,不得偏離。避免英語漢語化和句式單一重復(fù)。盡可能正確地使用中高級詞匯和復(fù)雜句式。
3.連句成文,句與句、段與段之間要有合理的過渡銜接,注意要有承上啟下的過渡詞。
4.整理謄寫,書寫工整,卷面整潔。
提綱類書面表達題的寫作體裁包括記敘文、說明文、議論文等,下面重點討論議論文類的。
一、模板(陳述理由型)
第一段:開門見山,提出論點。
The topic about[JP8]...[JP] is becoming more and more popular in our school recently. There are two kinds of opinions about it.(最近關(guān)于……的話題在我們學校變得越來越流行,關(guān)于該話題存在兩種不同的觀點。)
第二段:理由陳述,展開論證。
1. Some students say[JP8]...[JP] is their favourite. /Some students prefer to consider doing sth.(一部分學生說……是他們最喜歡的。/一部分學生寧愿考慮做某事。)
2. On the one hand, they think that[JP8]...[JP](一方面他們認為……) What’s more/On the other hand…(另外/另一方面……)Moreover, they also believe that[JP8]...[JP]@@@@@@(再者,他們認為……)
3.However,others think...is a better choice/solution/way for[JP8]...[JP] There are three reasons...(然而,其余的人認為做某事是一種更好的選擇/方法,有三個方面的理由。)To begin/start with...(首先……)Next...(其次……)In addition/Finally/Last but not least[JP8]...[JP](另外/最后/最后但同樣重要的是……)
第三段:總結(jié)前文,發(fā)表己見。
1.As far as I’m concerned, I support the view that[JP8]...[JP](就我而言,我支持……的觀點。)
2.From my point of view, the former/latter is surely a wise choice. The reason is that[JP8]...[JP](我認為,前者/后者當然是一種明智的選擇。原因是……)
3.As far as I’m concerned, I’m in favor of the former view. Therefore, my conclusion is that…(就我而言,我贊成前一種觀點。所以我的結(jié)論是……)
二、實練
1.假如你叫李華,是一位高中生。隨著科技發(fā)展,iPod已成為中學生的新寵。請你用英語給某英語報社寫一封信,談?wù)勚袑W生使用iPod 的情況。要點:(1)使用iPod 的好處。(2)對課堂紀律和學習可能產(chǎn)生的負面影響。(3)提出自己的建議并說明理由。
Dear Editor,
I’m a senior high school student named Li Hua...
2.分析綱要。
第一段:提出論點——隨想著科技發(fā)展,iPod已成為中學生的新寵。陳述理由——一方面(好處)……
第二段:陳述理由——另一方面(負面影響)……
第三段:提出自己的建議并說明理由。
3.Sample
Dear Editor,
I’m a senior high school student named Li Hua. With the development of science and technology, now many students have iPods and think it’s fashion to use them. Using an iPod, we can listen to music, download a lot of learning materials and read them on the screen. Apparently, it is helpful to our study, especially to our English learning.
Some students, however, bring their iPods to classroom and listen to music with earphones, which makes the teacher and other students greatly annoyed. Some of them even waste precious time in class playing video games.
As far as I am concerned, as a student, we should make good use of iPod to help achieve academic success. Classroom is a place for students to study, and therefore concentration is awfully needed for us to learn our lessons. Furthermore, the school should make a rule to guide the students to use iPod in a proper way.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
(責任編輯 周侯辰)