話題21 熱點話題（Topical issues）

鐘朝中

一、命題預測

社會熱點話題涉及人口增長、環境衛生、社會差異、環境污染、體育衛生等。主要考查關于家庭、教育、社會道德、價值觀等方面的內容，如：校園安全、不文明旅游、老人跌倒扶不扶、網絡語言文化等。需要提醒考生的是，高考作文不一定考當年的最熱點話題，反而更有可能是一些具有長期效應和影響的次熱門話題。

寫作時，體裁一般以說明文、議論文或兩者相結合的文體為主，一般要開篇點題，主要時態為一般現在時，同時注意靈活運用各種時態。話題多與社會現象有關，寫作內容多涉及現象、出現這種現象的原因、可能產生的影響、提出建議或做出期望。

二、常用語塊

1. stop to do sth.停下來去做（另一事）

2. take care of照顧，照看

3. enjoy doing sth. / like doing sth.喜歡做某事

4. advise sb. to do sth.建議某人去做某事

5. help sb. with sth.在……方面幫助某人

6. help sb. out of trouble幫助某人擺脫困境

7. catch/take hold of抓住……

8. be /get ready for為……做好準備

9. be in great need of很需要……

10. be satisfied with對……感到滿意

11. thank sb. for doing sth. 因某事而感謝某人

12. for the reason that...理由是……

13. take some measures to do sth.采取措施去做某事

14. result in 導致……結果

15. meet the case 碰到這樣的事情

三、套用句式

1. I will do my best to help other people， if possible.如果可能的話，我會盡力去幫助別人。

2. I feel very happy if I help others.幫助別人我會感到很幸福。

3. When seeing an old women crossing the street， why not just help her？ 見到老奶奶過馬路，為什么不幫她呢？

4. When John reached home， he was feeling very tired yet he was happy for what he had done today. John回到家時很累，然而他為今天所做的事感到開心。

5. Helping each other is a traditional virtue of China.互相幫助是中華傳統美德。

四、習作修改（做短文改錯，背經典范文）

Campus violence is now frequently report on TV， in newspapers and on the Internet， arouse a hot topic in society. Personally speaking， there are several reasons of it. Firstly， some students become less interested in getting a knowledge from school. They are addicted the online games. Gradually， they are not strict with themself about their study， that finally leads to a negative attitude toward study. So here I suggested that school leaders should try every means to carry out a variety of student activity in school and encourage students to take an active part in kinds of social activities. However， they will not have more time to think much about the violence.

五、課堂練習

旅游，為的就是愉悅身心，但在旅游中卻有很多不文明的行為發生，已經成為社會熱點話題之一。假設你是李華，請就此話題寫一篇短文。內容如下：

1. 旅游時，你見過的不文明行為。

2. 見到不文明行為，你會怎么做。

3. 我們怎樣去制止它？

注意：1. 詞數100左右。

2. 可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。

參考詞匯：uncivilized behaviors不文明行為

[寫作指導]

本文應屬于說明文，針對某種問題提出解決方法或措施，可采用“問題+方法措施+（建議）”模式來寫作，即：有哪些不文明的行為，作為中學生你會怎么做，你對制止不文明行為有什么建議。主體時態為一般現在時。

六、課外作業

近期有報道，一位學生見到老人摔倒后，扶起老人救了老人，結果反被老人或家屬咬定是撞倒老人的人，不得不賠款。請寫一篇短文，就此發表看法，主要內容包括：

1. 見到老人摔倒該不該扶及其理由。

2. 分析不扶給社會造成什么不良影響。

3. 為避免被誤解，請給扶者提一兩條建議。

注意： 1. 詞數100左右。

2. 可以適當添加細節，以使行文連貫。

參考答案與范文

四、習作修改

本文主要首先指出校園暴力這種現象，然后分析產生校園暴力的原因，最后提出解決校園暴力的建議。

1. report →reported用過去分詞與前面的is構成被動語態。

2. arouse→arousing與謂語動詞is reported之間沒有并列連詞，故為非謂語動詞，因Campus violence與cause之間是主動關系，故用現在分詞作狀語，表示結果。

3. of→ for 表示“……的原因”，用reasons for。

4. 去掉knowledge前面的a 因為作“知識”解的knowledge是不可數名詞。

5. 在addicted 后加 to因be addicted to（沉迷于）是固定短語。

6. themself→ themselves與主語they一致，反身代詞用復數。

7.that→ which 引導非限制性定語從句并在從句中作主語，用which引導，指代前一句的內容。

8.suggested→ suggest 根據上下文時態可知用一般現在時。

9. activity→ activities 因可數名詞activity受a variety of（各種各樣）修飾，要用復數形式。

10. However→ Therefore 根據上下文邏輯，表示“從而，這樣”。

五、課堂練習

Recently， uncivilized behaviors during travel such as littering， making noise and jumping queue and so on， can be seen and discussed on TV， on the Internet， and in newspapers. As a middle school student， when there is an uncivilized behavior during travel， I will go and try to persuade him or her to obey the rules and correct their wrong actions. In order to prevent those bad actions， in my opinion， the government should take some strict and effective measures to stop them and those who break the rules should be punished， making them ashamed of that. Whats more， we ourselves had better raise the awareness of being well-behaved when traveling.

六、課外作業

To help or not to help the old man who falls down and injures， that is a question. But as for me， I would like to give him a hand， for the reason that my help may save his life in time， which is quiet necessary if he is seriously injured. If not， it will bring threat to his life. Whats worse， it may result in social dishonesty and indifference. In order to protect ourselves， when we meet the case， wed better help the old and at the same time learn to protect ourselves. For example， we can ask someone to do it together and then call the police and health care workers for more help.

（作者單位：廣東茂名信宜市華僑中學）

責任編輯 蔣小青