話題24 文學(xué)與藝術(shù)（Literature and art）

紀樂佳

一、命題預(yù)測

命題人可能要求考生為外國友人寫一封信或郵件，介紹中國文學(xué)作品中的某一種，例如小說、詩歌、戲劇等，也可介紹一些文學(xué)家或藝術(shù)家，或是介紹一些中國傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)，例如剪紙、國畫等；還可以是一些畫展、文學(xué)作品欣賞會等的活動貼，或是報刊中的“文學(xué)與藝術(shù)”欄目的約稿信，或是對主題為“文學(xué)與藝術(shù)”的講座的報道等，這些都與文學(xué)和藝術(shù)相關(guān)。

二、常用短語

1. literature works文學(xué)作品

2. work of art藝術(shù)作品

3. folk arts 民間藝術(shù)

4. performing art表演藝術(shù)

5. traditional Chinese painting中國畫

6. traditional operas傳統(tǒng)戲劇

7. cultural treasures of China中華瑰寶

8. come into being形成

9. stand for代表

10. pass down繼承，傳下來

11. be regarded as 被認為是…

12. be popular in 在…受歡迎

13. be based on some historical events基于某些歷史事件

14. spread to many other places傳播到其他許多地方

15. carry forward Chinese cultures弘揚中華文化

16. enrich ones life豐富某人的生活

17. combine music， vocal performance and dance 結(jié)合念（音樂）、唱、舞

18. the Four Great Classical Novels of Chinese literature中國四大名著

三、套用句式

1. Beijing Opera is a traditional opera with a long history， which dates back to over 200 years ago. 京劇，是一種歷史悠久的傳統(tǒng)戲劇，可追溯到200多年前。

2. After that， a new type came into being gradually， known as Beijing Opera. 在那之后，一種新劇種慢慢形成了，被稱為京劇。

3. Beijing Opera is not only popular in China， but also has spread to many other places， such as Hong Kong and Taiwan. 京劇不僅在中國非常流行，它也傳播到其他許多地區(qū)，比如香港和臺灣。

4. This book was written by Wu Chengen in Ming Dynasty， which was based on some historical events at that time. 這本書是吳承恩在明朝時期寫的，基于當時的一些歷史事件。

四、習(xí)作修改（做短文改錯，背經(jīng)典范文）

Foshan paper-cutting is a traditional folk art with a long history， which dated back more than 1，000 years ago. On Qing Dynasty， paper-cutting became popular in Foshan and were an important part of peoples daily life.

There are three kind of paper cuts： paper cuts for decoration， for religious purposes or for design. And among them those for decoration are the most wide used.

Nowadays， paper cutting products are often chosen as presents and foreigners are always fond of it. There are more than 30 shops for paper cuts in the Foshan， and paper-cutting products sell as farther as in Southeast Asia.

五、課堂練習(xí)

假如你是李華，你的美國朋友Chris對中國的京劇非常感興趣，特來信請你為他作介紹。現(xiàn)請你給他寫封回信，介紹中國京劇。內(nèi)容包括：

1. 京劇的歷史與起源。

2. 京劇的特色。

3. 京劇的現(xiàn)狀。

Dear Chris，

I am glad that you are very interested in Beijing Opera. Let me introduce it to you now.

...

Welcome to come to China to enjoy Beijing Opera.

Looking forward to your coming.

Yours，

Li Hua

[寫作指導(dǎo)]

第一步，認真審題，明確要求。（略）

第二步，篇章結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計。

三個要點各自一段。

第三步，拓展思路，增加細節(jié)。

1. 歷史與起源：（1）歷史—歷經(jīng)多少年、可追溯到……時候；（2）起源 —（安徽四著名戲班赴京為皇帝祝壽表演，后留京，京劇因此得以形成）（key words： a traditional opera， a long history， date back to， come into being， develop， be known as）。

2. 特色：（1）結(jié)合了哪些藝術(shù)形式，如念（音樂）、唱、舞（舞蹈化的武打動作）；（2）角色（行當）：生、旦、凈、丑；（3）人們眼中的京劇：被認為是中華傳統(tǒng)文化瑰寶之一 （key words： combine， music， vocal performance， dance， major roles， be regarded as/to be， cultural treasures）。

3. 現(xiàn)狀：是否依然受現(xiàn)代人的歡迎？是否傳播于中國大陸之外的地區(qū)？是否能起弘揚中華文化的作用？（key words： be popular in， spread to...， play a role in， carry forward）

第四步，連句成篇，工整謄寫。

六、課外作業(yè)

假如你是李華，你的美國朋友Chris對中國四大名著中的《西游記》非常感興趣，特請你為他作介紹。現(xiàn)請你給他寫封郵件，介紹《西游記》。內(nèi)容包括：

1. 簡介《西游記》。

2. 介紹《西游記》中你最喜歡的一個角色。

3. 簡述《西游記》對你的影響。

Dear Chris，

I am glad that you are very interested in Journey to the West. Let me introduce it to you now.

...

I am sure you will be fond of this book if you read it.

Yours，

Li Hua

參考答案與范文

四、習(xí)作修改

本文介紹了中國傳統(tǒng)工藝佛山剪紙的歷史、分類以及現(xiàn)狀。

1. dated→dates 與主句謂語時態(tài)一致，且date back to（追溯）多用于一般現(xiàn)在時。

2. 在dates back后加to比較：date back to +過去的一個時間點，意為“迫溯到”；date back from +過去的一個時間點，意為“從……開始就已存在/有”；date back +時間段，表示“已存在多長一段時間了”。本題若去掉ago，就不必加介詞了。

3. On→In 此處指在清朝，故介詞用in。

4. were→was 此處考查主謂一致，主語paper cutting為不可數(shù)名詞，故用was。

5. kind→kinds 此處指有三種剪紙，故kind用復(fù)數(shù)kinds。

6. or→and 此處是三種剪紙的并列，故用and。

7. wide→widely 修飾謂語動詞用副詞。

8. it→them 此處指代上文提到的“paper cutting products”，故用them。

9. 去掉the 因佛山是地名，無需在前加the。

10. farther→far 此處是as + adj./adv.（原級）+ as“與...一樣”，故改成far。

五、課堂練習(xí)

Dear Chris，

I am glad that you are very interested in Beijing Opera. Let me introduce it to you now.

Beijing Opera is a traditional opera with a long history， which dates back to over 200 years ago. In 18th century， to celebrate the emperors 80th birthday， who had a strong interest in local operas， four famous troupes from Anhui Province came to Beijing to perform for him. After that， a new type came into being gradually， known as Beijing Opera.

Beijing Opera combines music， vocal performance and dance， and it has four major roles---Sheng， Dan， Jing， Chou. It has been regarded as one of the cultural treasures of China.

Beijing Opera is not only popular in China， but also has spread to many other places， such as Hong Kong and Taiwan. It is playing an important role in carrying forward Chinese cultures.

Welcome to come to China to enjoy Beijing Opera.

Looking forward to your coming.

Yours，

Li Hua

六、課外作業(yè)

Dear Chris，

I am glad that you are very interested in Journey to the West. Let me introduce it to you now.

This book is one of the Four Great Classical Novels of Chinese literature. It was written by Wu Chengen in Ming Dynasty， which was based on some historical events at that time.

As we all know， one of the main characters in this novel is Monkey King， who had a bitter experience when helping his master overcome a great many difficulties in order to get good results. Many readers like him for his kindness， courage and the magical power. So do I.

Good books are beneficial to the personal growth of young people. To me， this book has a great influence on my life. After I read it， Im not afraid of failure and whenever I am faced with great difficulties， I wont give up easily.

I am sure you will be fond of this book if you read it.

Yours，

Li Hua

（作者單位：廣東汕頭金砂中學(xué)）

責(zé)任編輯 蔣小青