話題14. 天氣

陳淑君

一、相關短語

1. sunny then cloudy/cloudy then rainy晴轉陰/陰轉雨

2. heavy showers強陣雨

3. a sunny day陽光燦爛的一天

4. weather forecast/report天氣預報

5. drop/fall to five degree below zero降到零下八度

6. freezing cold/burning hot非常寒冷/炎熱

7. be caught in a heavy rain遇上一場大雨

8. rains cats and dogs/pouring rain傾盆大雨

9. take an umbrella or raincoat帶一把雨傘或一件雨衣

10. （buildings） fall down （房屋）倒塌

11. （water and power supplies） be cut off（水電）被切斷

12. last as long as over a month延續長達一個月

13. be destroyed in the hurricane在颶風中被毀壞

14. be covered with ice and snow被冰雪覆蓋

15. （people） be killed in the flood/storm在洪水/暴風雨中遇難

16. cause 13 deaths and 5 people missing造成3個死亡和2人失蹤

17. with more than 200 people injured/missing有200多人受傷/失蹤

18. sth. be in ruins； fall into ruins某物成為廢墟

19. become homeless變得無家可歸

20. cause great damage/economic losses造成巨大損失/經濟損失

21. send out rescue teams派出救援隊

22. donate/contribute money to sb.給某人捐款

23. rebuild ones homeland重建家園

24. return to normal恢復正常

25. flood control and drought relief防汛抗旱

二、必備句型

1. The weather forecast said it will be sunny in most part of China for each day in the next five days. 天氣預報顯示在未來五天內，中國大部分地區都會是晴天。

2. It is going to be rainy all day，so be sure to go out with your umbrellas. 全天有雨，外出請帶好您的雨傘。

3. Typhoon Morakot brought the worst flooding in 50 years to southern Taiwan， killing more than 460 people with scores of people injured or missing. 臺灣南部該臺風造成50年來最嚴重的水災，導致460多人死亡，多人受傷或失蹤。

4. The extreme weather has caused people much inconvenience and trouble， especially for those who work outdoors.極端天氣給人們帶來了諸多不便和麻煩，特別是給那些室外作業的人。

5. Proper measures should be taken to deal with the serious problem caused by the terrible hurricane. 必須采取適當的措施來應對颶風引起的嚴重問題。

6. It has not only done harm to peoples health， but also affected the public transportation.這種天氣不僅對人體健康有害而且會影響公共交通運輸。

7. Now more and more people become aware that those extreme weather disasters have much to do with what we have done to the earth. 現在越來越多人意識到極端天氣災難與我們的日常行為有關。

8. Water and power supplies were cut off because of the typhoon.臺風導致斷水斷電。

三、典型例題

例題一：基礎寫作

“莫拉克”臺風襲擊臺灣，災情嚴重，各界人士十分關注。

[寫作內容]

請寫一篇關于臺灣“八八”水災的報道，內容包括：

地點：臺灣南部

結果：造成50年來最嚴重的水災

災情：（1）460人死亡；35人受傷；62人失蹤

（2）沖垮了堤防和橋梁

（3）電力中斷

（4）10000多座房屋倒塌

損失：估計造成經濟損失達97個億

救援：臺灣軍方全力參與救災工作，從災區救出約300名當地居民

[過程指導]

第一步，認真審題。

1. 審文體：本文是新聞報道，屬________文。

2. 審時態：以_______________為主。

3. 審人稱：以第______人稱為主。

4. 審要點：認真看看方框內外的信息，以便分組規劃。

第二步，信息分組。

將信息點分為5組，以便用5個句子來表達。

第三步，信息表達。

以上每組信息點用一個英語句子來表達，必要時添加恰當的主語等成分，使句子結構完整。

第四步，連句成篇。

將以上5個句子合并成一篇連貫的短文，必要時添加適當的過渡銜接詞。

第五步，檢查核對。

第六步，規范謄寫。

例題二：讀寫任務

閱讀下面的短文，然后按照要求寫一篇150詞左右的英語短文。

Since the winter last year， the hazy weather has occurred a lot of times. It has done great harm to our daily life. Many traffic accidents happened just because of the heavy smog weather， more and more people have to go to see the doctor because the serious disease caused by the smog. Quite a lot of flights have to be put off and a great number of people have to stay at home for fear of the poisonous air caused by the smog.

People have realized the great harm caused by the smog and the importance of protecting the environment. People all over the country are taking measures to reduce the smog weather. The government suggests people go to work or school with the public traffic， such as the bus and the underground. Also we should plant more trees.

[寫作內容]

1. 以約30個詞概括上文的主要內容；

2. 以約120個詞談談你對霧霾天氣的看法，要點包括：

（1）霧霾天氣對你所在城市影響大嗎？

（2）分析霧霾天氣產生的原因；

（3）如何在霧霾天氣時保護自已。

[過程指導]

寫概要

1. 分析文體類別：閱讀材料為現象類說明文，作者首先指出霧霾天氣帶來的危害和造成的影響，然后說明人們已經意識到霧霾天氣的危害已經采取措施應對。

2. 找出關鍵詞句：寫概要前，應在文中找出并標明以下關鍵句或關鍵詞：

霧霾危害： （第一段第二句）

采取措施： （第二段第一句）

3. 組合關鍵詞句：

談看法

要點⑴：霧霾天氣對你所在的城市影響大不大，一兩句話帶過就好。

要點⑵：分析造成霧霾的原因：空氣污染，燃料排放，灰塵，汽車尾氣。

要點⑶：從自身出發說明在霧霾天氣中我們可以怎么做保護自己：比如外出戴口罩，外出后洗臉洗手。

根據以上提示，完成自己的寫作：

四、摸擬演練

練習一：基礎寫作

假如你叫張楠，你的美國朋友約翰·史密斯即將來華參觀你所在的城市，他來信詢問相關情況。

[寫作內容]

請給約翰回信，內容包括：

飲食：（1）飲食與美國很不同，應盡力適應中國飲食；

（2）要學會如何使用筷子。

氣候：（1）冬天冷，常下雪；

（2）夏天幾乎不下雨，但一下起來就很大；

（3）現在是春天，春天多雨濕冷。

提醒：帶雨衣、棉衣。

承諾：帶他去玩，去賞花，希望早日能見面。

Dear John，

I was excited to hear that you would come to China next month. Now let me tell you something different you may meet here.

…

Yours，

Zhang Nan

練習二：讀寫任務

閱讀下面的短文，然后按照要求寫一篇150詞左右的英語短文。

The Pacific-Northwest city is forecast to enjoy clear skies and temperatures up to 23 degrees Celsius over the coming days after months of bad weather. Bellingham Christian School， located in this city， which did not cancel a single day of classes due to bad weather over the winter months， has decided to close for the day because of nice weather.

“Bellingham Christian has decided to cancel school due to good weather，” said Mr. Samson in the letter to parents. Bellingham Christian School， in Washington State， sent letters to parents informing them their childrens classes were cancelled so students and staff could enjoy a “sun day”. Principal of the school， Bob Samson， said cancelling a day of school for nice weather was a good move and was an effort to “promote positive school culture”. “Typically we cancel school for bad weather， so why not have some fun and cancel school due to extremely good weather？” added the principal. “There are so many heavy things that go on in our world， its nice to celebrate， relax and share joy with many，” said the principal.

[寫作內容]

1. 以約30個詞概括上文的主要內容；

2. 以約120個詞談談你對天氣原因放假的看法，內容包括：

（1）講訴一次因極端天氣而放假的經歷；

（2）你是否贊同因天氣原因而放假；

（3）你覺得因極端天氣放假學生最好做什么。

（作者單位：陸豐林啟恩紀念中學）