葉健萍
一、相關(guān)短語(yǔ)
1. a significant cultural symbol 一個(gè)重要意義的文化象征
2. mental benefit 精神上受益
3. be set aside to do 固定下來以……
4. raise awareness of... 提高……的意識(shí)
5. be short of... 缺少……
6. add up to 增加到……
7. be different in different cultures在不同的文化下是不同的
8. make a deep impression on me 給我留下深刻的印象
9. be treated with justice受到公正對(duì)待
10. sweet taste 口感甘甜
11. preserve the character of 保持……的特點(diǎn)
12. social circumstance 社會(huì)環(huán)境
13. enjoy equal rights享受平等的權(quán)利
14. the competitive nature of our society 我們社會(huì)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性
15. attach great importance to 重視
16. suffer from hunger挨餓
17. call for 要求;提倡
二、必備句式
1. This is the reason why... 這就是……的原因
2. The final say is left to ... 最后的決定權(quán)/發(fā)言權(quán)在于……
3. ...is widely known as ...... 被廣泛認(rèn)為……
4. We do hope that the whole society ... because ... 我們希望整個(gè)社會(huì)……因?yàn)椤?/p>
5. I think it is every citizens duty to work hard to achieve this goal. 我認(rèn)為我們每人都有責(zé)任去達(dá)成這個(gè)目標(biāo)。
三、典型例題
例題一:基礎(chǔ)寫作
請(qǐng)用英語(yǔ)寫一篇短文,介紹剪紙,內(nèi)容包括:
名稱:剪紙(paper cutting)
類屬:中國(guó)最為流行的傳統(tǒng)民間藝術(shù)形式之一
歷史:有1500多年的歷史,在明朝和清朝時(shí)期特別流行
顏色:常用紅色,象征健康和興旺
用途:(1)美化居家環(huán)境
(2)在春節(jié)和婚慶期間,剪紙被用來裝飾門窗和房間,以增加喜慶的氣氛
(3)很受世界各地人民的歡迎,經(jīng)常被用作饋贈(zèng)外國(guó)友人的禮物
[過程指導(dǎo)]
第一步,認(rèn)真審題。
1. 審文體:介紹物品,是________文。
2. 審時(shí)態(tài):以_______________為主。
3. 審人稱:以第______人稱為主。
4. 審要點(diǎn):認(rèn)真看看方框內(nèi)外的信息,以便分組規(guī)劃。
第二步,信息分組。
根據(jù)各信息點(diǎn)之間的邏輯順序等將信息點(diǎn)分為5組,以便用5個(gè)句子來表達(dá)。(在題目上用筆圈出來即可)
第三步,信息表達(dá)。
以上每組信息點(diǎn)用一個(gè)英語(yǔ)句子來表達(dá),必要時(shí)添加恰當(dāng)?shù)闹髡Z(yǔ)等成分,使句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整。
第四步,連句成篇。
將以上5個(gè)句子合并成一篇連貫的短文,必要時(shí)添加適當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡銜接詞。
第五步,檢查核對(duì)。
第六步,規(guī)范謄寫。
例題二:讀寫任務(wù)
閱讀下面的短文,然后按照要求寫一篇150詞左右的英語(yǔ)短文。
During the recently televised Chinese Character Dictation Contest by CCTV-10, when the host asked the 14-year-old contestant Yu Shuang from Guizhou Province to write the word for toad(蟾蜍), the audience frowned. Yu failed as she wrote the character with one dot missing. However, among 10 adult participants offstage, only three had written the word correctly.
Meanwhile, those sitting at home also felt embarrassed during the broadcast, since on several occasions they were stumped as to how to write words that are commonly used in daily conversation.
According to a survey by Beijing-based Horizon Research Consultancy in May, up to 94.1 percent of respondents said they had encountered memory lapses(疏忽) concerning how to write certain characters while writing and 26.8 percent said such lapses were frequent.
Cell phone and computers are common devices to most urban children. A report on the lifestyle of Chinese children published by Beijing Women's Federation in July showed that mobile phones, instant messenger QQ, Weibo and tablets have become a major part of urban childrens daily lives. According to the report, 52.6 percent of kids aged 4 to 6 had used the Internet. The percentage for kids aged between 7 and 9 reached 58.6 percent, and 77 percent for 10 to 12-year-olds.
[寫作內(nèi)容]
1. 以約30個(gè)詞概括上文的主要內(nèi)容;
2. 以約120個(gè)詞就弘揚(yáng)中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化談?wù)勀愕南敕ǎ瑑?nèi)容包括:
(1) 你或你身邊的人是否經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)漢字拼寫錯(cuò)誤?
(2) 談?wù)勗斐蛇@種現(xiàn)象的原因;
(3) 我們應(yīng)該怎樣弘揚(yáng)中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化?
[過程指導(dǎo)]
寫概括
1. 分析文體類別:閱讀材料為現(xiàn)象類說明文,作者首先指出一種社會(huì)現(xiàn)象,然后分析產(chǎn)生這種現(xiàn)象的原因,最后提出自己的看法。
2.找出關(guān)鍵詞句:寫概要前,應(yīng)在文中找出并標(biāo)明以下關(guān)鍵句或關(guān)鍵詞:
社會(huì)現(xiàn)象:____________________________(第一段)
分析原因:____________________________(第二段)
作者觀點(diǎn):____________________________(第三段)
3. 組合關(guān)鍵詞句:________________________________
談想法
要點(diǎn)⑴:首先寫出主題句:如今很多人都存在漢字拼寫錯(cuò)誤的問題。然后具體說明拼寫錯(cuò)誤問題:寫不出來的詞還是我們?nèi)粘I钪谐S玫摹?/p>
要點(diǎn)⑵:主題句:是什么導(dǎo)致了這種現(xiàn)象?原因:在閱讀短文中提到的,數(shù)碼設(shè)備的普及是一個(gè)重要的因素,現(xiàn)在的年輕人更喜歡打字而不是手寫;一些錯(cuò)別字的廣告招牌隨處可見,這極大地誤導(dǎo)了人們。
要點(diǎn)(3):主題句:我們應(yīng)該重視中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化。措施:呼吁手寫的普及;重視中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日的慶祝活動(dòng);保護(hù)文物,文物是中國(guó)文化寶貴的遺產(chǎn)。
根據(jù)以上提示,完成自己的寫作:__________________
四、模擬演練
練習(xí)一:基礎(chǔ)寫作
假如你是李華,你的英國(guó)好朋友Tom 非常喜歡中國(guó)服飾,尤其是漢服。
[寫作內(nèi)容]
請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容向他介紹漢服。內(nèi)容如下:
名 稱:漢服,中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)服飾
歷 史:
★有至少4000年歷史,是中國(guó)文明的象征;
★清朝時(shí)統(tǒng)治者強(qiáng)行以旗袍代替漢服,國(guó)際社會(huì)由此廣泛認(rèn)為旗袍是中國(guó)的民族服裝
主要特征:
★交領(lǐng)、右衽、寬袖;
★漢服分為常服和禮服;
★常服比較簡(jiǎn)單隨意,禮服則是大方華麗
參考詞匯:交領(lǐng) cross collar 右衽 tie to the right
大方華麗 lavish and gorgeous
Dear Tom,
I am glad to hear that you like Chinese clothes very much, especially Hanfu. I would like to introduce it for you.
...
Yours,
Li Hua
練習(xí)二:讀寫任務(wù)
閱讀下面的短文,然后按要求寫一篇150詞左右的短文。
According to the China Education Daily, the army enlisted(登記招收) nearly 130,000 servicemen from college students and fresh grads in 2009. The number is 60 times bigger than that in 2001. It has been increased by a series of preferential policies in terms of finance and employment.
Nationwide enlistment this year will start on November 1. Tens of thousands of college students and grads have applied. Many of them are not going for the preferential policies. They are looking for friendship and a physical and mental challenge.
Yu Bier, 24, joined the army in 2009 as a fresh college grad. She is now a member of The Naval Art Ensemble in Guangzhou. Yu has a strict timetable for her mealtimes. She needs to ask for the group leaders permission when she wants to go to the washroom.
“We have no choice but to obey the orders of our superior. We say yes whatever the order is,” said Yu. The leader gave an order, and off Yu went to fetch water for her.
The rules may seem inhuman, but they are not unreasonable. Great discipline(紀(jì)律) is required in war and in disaster relief.
[寫作內(nèi)容]
1. 以約30個(gè)詞概括短文的要點(diǎn);
2. 然后以約120個(gè)詞就“大學(xué)生參軍”談?wù)勀愕目捶ǎc(diǎn)包括:
(1)分析大學(xué)生參軍的原因;
(2)紀(jì)律嚴(yán)格的重要性;
(3)你是否愿意參軍。
(作者單位:惠州市惠港中學(xué))