999精品在线视频,手机成人午夜在线视频,久久不卡国产精品无码,中日无码在线观看,成人av手机在线观看,日韩精品亚洲一区中文字幕,亚洲av无码人妻,四虎国产在线观看 ?

頸部彩色多普勒超聲、CT血管成像與數字減影血管造影診斷頸內動脈狹窄、斑塊形態及潰瘍的準確性比較

2015-09-19 08:37:29張圓圓孟秀君田沈車玉琴林巧顏丙旺
中國全科醫學 2015年30期

張圓圓,孟秀君,田沈,車玉琴,林巧,顏丙旺

頸部彩色多普勒超聲、CT血管成像與數字減影血管造影診斷頸內動脈狹窄、斑塊形態及潰瘍的準確性比較

張圓圓,孟秀君,田沈,車玉琴,林巧,顏丙旺

目的以數字減影血管造影(DSA)為金標準,分析彩色多普勒超聲(CDUS),CT血管成像(CTA)對頸內動脈狹窄、斑塊形態及潰瘍診斷的準確性。方法采用回顧性分析方法,收集中國醫科大學附屬第四醫院2009—2014年收治的經DSA檢查確診的頸內動脈狹窄患者168例,并先后行CDUS、CTA檢查。用Pearson相關性分析CDUS、CTA檢查頸內動脈狹窄率與DSA檢查頸內動脈狹窄率的相關性;以DSA為金標準,計算CDUS、CTA診斷頸內動脈狹窄率≥70%、斑塊形態、是否有潰瘍的正確率、靈敏度、特異度、陽性預測值和陰性預測值;ROC曲線和ROC曲線下面積(AUC)分析CDUS、CTA檢查對斑塊形態和潰瘍檢測的準確性;Kappa檢驗分析CDUS、CTA檢查與DSA檢查的一致性。結果CDUS(64.73±22.91)%、CTA(62.38±22.31)%檢查頸內動脈狹窄率與DSA(62.52 ±22.31)%檢查頸內動脈狹窄率均呈正相關(r值分別為0.922和0.992,P<0.05)。DSA確診患者頸內動脈狹窄率≥70%的血管條數為146條,<70%的血管條數為190條。CDUS、CTA檢查頸內動脈狹窄率≥70%的正確率分別為85.7%(288/336)、95.8%(322/336),靈敏度分別為83.6%(122/146)、94.5%(138/146),特異度分別為87.4%(166/190)、96.8%(184/190),陽性預測值分別為83.6%(122/146)、95.8(138/144)%,陰性預測值分別為87.4%(166/190)、95.8%(184/192)。CDUS、CTA檢查診斷頸內動脈狹窄率≥70%的Kappa值分別為0.709、0.915。DSA確診患者頸內動脈規則型斑塊的血管條數為168條,不規則型斑塊的血管條數為168條;DSA確診患者頸內動脈有潰瘍的血管條數為68條,無潰瘍的血管條數為268條。CDUS、CTA檢查頸內動脈斑塊形態的正確率分別為82.7%(278/336)、99.1%(333/336),靈敏度分別為84.8%(144/168)、98.8%(166/168),特異度分別為79.8%(134/168)、99.4%(167/168),陽性預測值分別為80.9%(144/178)、99.4%(166/167),陰性預測值分別為84.8%(134/158)、99.4%(167/169);CDUS、CTA檢查頸內動脈斑塊形態的Kappa值分別為0.655、0.982。CDUS、CTA檢查頸內動脈潰瘍的正確率分別為88.7%(298/336)、98.5%(331/336),靈敏度分別為85.3%(58 /68)、94.0%(64/68),特異度分別為89.6%(240/268)、99.6%(267/268),陽性預測值分別為67.4%(58/86)、98.5%(64/65),陰性預測值分別為96.0%(240/250)、98.5%(267/271)。CDUS檢查診斷頸內動脈不規則斑塊AUC為0.818〔95%CI(0.711,0.866)〕,CTA檢查診斷頸內動脈不規則斑塊AUC為0.997〔95%CI(0.923,1.000)〕;CDUS檢查診斷頸內動脈潰瘍AUC為0.708〔95%CI(0.633,0.788)〕,CTA檢查診斷頸內動脈潰瘍AUC為0.969〔95%CI(0.934,1.000)〕。CDUS、CTA檢查診斷頸內動脈潰瘍的Kappa值分別為0.681、0.953。結論CTA檢查對于頸內動脈狹窄率≥70%,不規則斑塊和有潰瘍的診斷具有簡單可行且正確率高的優點,較CDUS占有明顯優勢,與金標準DSA診斷的準確性具有高度一致性,在一定情況下可代替DSA檢查,避免其有創性和潛在的危險性。

頸動脈狹窄;超聲檢查,多普勒,彩色;體層攝影術,螺旋計算機;血管造影術,數字減影;靈敏度;特異度

張圓圓,孟秀君,田沈,等.頸部彩色多普勒超聲、CT血管成像與數字減影血管造影診斷頸內動脈狹窄、斑塊形態及潰瘍的準確性比較[J].中國全科醫學,2015,18(30):3763-3768.[www.chinagp.net]

Zhang YY,Meng XJ,Tian S,et al.Accuracy of carotid CDUS,CTA and DSA in the diagnosis of internal carotid artery stenosis,plaque morphology and ulcer:a comparative study.[J].Chinese General Practice,2015,18(30):3763-3768.

腦卒中是當今世界上導致死亡的第3大疾病,是致肢體癱瘓的主要原因,在西方國家每年大約有2億的患者因為腦血管缺血導致永久性肢體癱瘓,其中25%的患者由頸動脈狹窄或閉塞引起[1]。頸動脈硬化是頸內動脈狹窄的主要原因,斑塊逐漸增大或脫落均可導致腦缺血的發生。早期發現頸內動脈狹窄,對狹窄程度和斑塊特征做出準確診斷,并采取積極有效的治療,對預防腦卒中的發生有重要意義。按照北美癥狀性頸動脈內膜切除術試驗(north American symptomatic carotid endarterectomy trial,NASCET),頸內動脈剝脫術治療Ⅳ度頸內動脈狹窄(70%~99%)[2]或選擇性治療Ⅲ度頸內動脈狹窄(50%~69%)患者[3],對降低腦血管缺血事件的發生有重要意義。有研究強調,腦血管缺血事件的發生不僅要強調血管狹窄的程度,同時要注意造成血管狹窄斑塊的形態學特征(斑塊是否有潰瘍或裂隙),是否導致自身斑塊脫落,引起腦血管事件的發生[4-6]。以上因素均需考慮在內才能更好地預防和治療腦血管事件。數字減影血管造影(digital subtractionangiography,DSA)是血管影像診斷的“金標準”,包含頭頸動脈狹窄的診斷。但是DSA作為一種侵入性的、有創的診斷方法,會導致多種并發癥的發生,如造影劑可造成腎功能及神經損傷。有報道發現,DSA有0.3%~5.7%的致殘率和<0.1%的病死率[7]。因此,對于頸內動脈狹窄的診斷,由DSA為主逐漸被無創傷性的彩色多普勒超聲(colour Doppler ultrasonography,CDUS)、CT血管成像(computed tomography angiography,CTA)、磁共振血管造影(MR angiography,MRA)代替,并通過這些無創的檢查手段檢測斑塊是否規則、是否有潰瘍及斑塊的成分,來判斷斑塊的穩定性,進一步明確診療方案,為患者提供有效的治療[8-9]。本研究以DSA為金標準,分析比較CDUS、CTA診斷頸內動脈狹窄、斑塊形態和潰瘍的準確性。

1 資料與方法

1.1 一般資料回顧性分析中國醫科大學附屬第四醫院于2009—2014年收治的經DSA檢查確診的頸內動脈狹窄患者168例,并先后行CDUS、CTA檢查,其中男104例,女64例;年齡36~82歲,平均年齡(68.0±6.0)歲。體質指數(27.0 ±1.6)kg/m2,血糖水平(98±49) mg/d l,總膽固醇水平(214±92) mg/d l,高密度脂蛋白膽固醇水平(55 ±10)mg/dl,低密度脂蛋白膽固醇水平(158±43)mg/dl。醫生對患者進行詳細的術前交代,并簽署手術或有創操作同意書。

1.2 檢測方法

1.2.1 CDUS檢查采用PHILLIPSHD11為主的多種彩色多普勒診斷儀,探頭頻率設為8~14 MHz。囑患者平臥,充分暴露頸部,自下而上分別觀察、測量并記錄兩側頸內動脈顱外段的血管走行、血流充盈情況,著重觀察頸內動脈內徑和內-中膜厚度、管腔內有無斑塊(若出現斑塊,記錄斑塊形態、大小及回聲特征)。

1.2.2 CTA檢查采用64排GECT,掃描范圍為從主動脈弓平面向上掃描至頭頂,掃描條件為120 kV/240 mA,矩陣512×512,層厚1.0 mm,螺距1.375∶1,重建層厚0.5 mm,常規平掃后經右側肘靜脈注射非離子型對比劑碘海醇注射液

2 結果

(歐乃派克,350 mgI/m l、注射速率4 m l/s)作增強掃描。

1.2.3 DSA檢查應用SIEMENSAXIOM dTA血管造影機進行血管造影檢查,囑患者平臥,充分暴露雙側腹股溝區,常規消毒鋪巾,2%利多卡因局部麻醉,采用sledinger技術穿刺股動脈,置入5 F導管鞘,經導管鞘在導絲導引下送入5 F豬尾巴管造影主動脈弓,采集頸內動脈造影圖像,更換5F椎動脈管造影左、右側鎖骨下動脈、椎動脈,觀察是否有管腔狹窄及斑塊、閉塞等,若發現有動脈狹窄,計算狹窄率,記錄斑塊形態及有無潰瘍。

1.3 診斷標準根據NASCET標準[10]評估頸內動脈狹窄程度,狹窄率(%) =(1-最狹窄處直徑/狹窄遠端動脈直徑)×100%。斑塊形態:不規則型為不可準確測得的管壁不均勻性斑塊,表面結節狀高低不平或伴有管壁多發不規則尖角狀突起,規則型無上述表現;潰瘍為斑塊形成明顯的局限性腔內充盈缺損或充盈缺損內可見龕影[11]。

1.4 觀察指標分別記錄CDUS檢查、CTA檢查和DSA檢查時間;記錄頸內動脈狹窄率、斑塊形態、是否有潰瘍及不良反應。

1.5 統計學方法采用SPSS 17.0軟件對數據進行統計分析,采用Pearson相關性分析CDUS、CTA檢查頸內動脈狹窄率與DSA檢查頸內動脈狹窄率的相關性;以DSA為金標準,計算CDUS、CTA檢查診斷頸內動脈狹窄率≥70%、斑塊形態、是否有潰瘍的正確率、靈敏度、特異度、陽性預測值和陰性預測值;應用ROC曲線和ROC曲線下面積(AUC)分析CDUS、CTA檢查對斑塊形態和是否有潰瘍診斷的準確性(注:AUC>0.900表示診斷正確率較高,0.700<AUC≤0.900表示診斷正確率中等,AUC≤0.700表示診斷正確率較低);采用Kappa檢驗分析CDUS、CTA檢查與DSA檢查的一致性(Kappa值≥0.700表示一致性程度極高,0.400<Kappa值<0.700表示一致性程度較高,Kappa值≤0.400表示一致性程度差)。以P<0.05為差異有統計學意義。

2.1 CDUS檢查、CTA檢查和DSA檢查

CDUS平均檢查時間為(14±2)min,CTA平均檢查時間為(16±3)min,DSA平均檢查時間為(50±4)min;DSA、CDUS、CTA檢查平均間隔時間為(6 ±3)d。行DSA檢查注射造影劑后14例出現不良反應,其中7例出現穿刺點血腫,5例出現造影劑輕-中度不良反應(皮疹、一過性胸悶、血壓低),2例大腦局部缺血;行CTA檢查注射造影劑后9例患者出現輕度不良反應(皮疹、惡心、臉紅),1例出現中度不良反應(哮喘)。造影劑引起的不良反應通過注射地塞米松或潑尼松后治愈。大腦局部缺血通過住院治療,7 d后出院。穿刺點血腫壓迫后自行吸收。

2.2 CDUS檢查、CTA檢查頸內動脈狹窄CDUS(64.73±22.91)%、CTA (62.38±22.31)%檢查頸內動脈狹窄率與DSA(62.52±22.31)%檢查頸內動脈狹窄率均呈正相關(r值分別為0.922和0.992,P<0.05,見圖1)。DSA確診患者頸內動脈狹窄率≥70%的血管條數為146條,<70%的血管條數為190條。CDUS、CTA檢查頸內動脈狹窄率≥70%的正確率分別為85.7%(288/336)、95.8%(322/336),靈敏度分別為83.6%(122/146)、94.5%(138/146),特異度分別為87.4%(166/190)、96.8%(184/190),陽性預測值分別為83.6%(122/146)、95.8(138/144)%,陰性預測值分別為87.4%(166/190)、95.8%(184/192)(見表1、2)。CDUS、CTA檢查診斷頸內動脈狹窄率≥70%的Kappa值分別為0.709、0.915。

表1 CDUS檢查診斷頸內動脈狹窄率≥70%的四格表Table 1 Four fold table of the diagnosis of internal carotid artery stenosis degree≥70%by CDUS

圖1 CDUS、CTA檢查頸內動脈狹窄率與DSA檢查頸內動狹窄率相關性散點圖Figure1 Linear regression of the correlation between the rates of artery stenosis diagnosed by CDUSand CTA and the rate of artery stenosis diagnosed by DSA

表2 CTA檢查診斷頸內動脈狹窄率≥70%的四格表Table 2 Four fold table of the diagnosis of internal carotid artery stenosis degree≥70%by CTA

2.3 CDUS、CTA檢查頸內動脈斑塊形態和潰瘍DSA確診患者頸內動脈規則型斑塊的血管條數為168條,不規則型斑塊的血管條數為168條;DSA確診患者頸內動脈有潰瘍的血管條數為68條,無潰瘍的血管條數為268條。CDUS、CTA檢查頸內動脈斑塊形態的正確率分別為82.7%(278/336)、99.1%(333/336),靈敏度分別為84.8%(144/168)、98.8%(166/168),特異度分別為79.8%(134/168)、99.4%(167/168),陽性預測值分別為80.9%(144/178)、99.4%(166/167),陰性預測值分別為84.8%(134/158)、99.4%(167/169) (見表3、4);CDUS、CTA檢查頸內動脈斑塊形態的Kappa值分別為0.655、0.982。CDUS、CTA檢查頸內動脈潰瘍的正確率分別為88.7%(298/336)、98.5%(331/336),靈敏度分別為85.3%(58/68)、94.0%(64/68),特異度分別為89.6%(240/268)、99.6% (267/268),陽性預測值分別為67.4% (58/86)、98.5%(64/65),陰性預測值分別為96.0%(240/250)、98.5% (267/271)(見表5、6)。CDUS檢查診斷頸內動脈不規則斑塊AUC為0.818〔95%CI(0.711,0.866)〕,CTA檢查診斷頸內動脈不規則斑塊AUC為0.997〔95%CI(0.923,1.000)〕(見圖2A); CDUS檢查診斷頸內動脈潰瘍AUC為0.708〔95%CI(0.633,0.788)〕,CTA檢查診斷頸內動脈潰瘍AUC為0.969〔95%CI(0.934,1.000)〕(見圖2B)。CDUS、CTA檢查診斷頸內動脈潰瘍的Kappa值分別為0.681、0.953。

表3 CDUS檢查診斷頸內動脈斑塊形態四格表Table 3 Evaluation of irregular internal carotid plaque morphology CDUS versus DSA.Values are expressed as number of cases

表4 CTA檢查診斷頸內動脈斑塊形態四格表Table 4 Evaluation of irregular internal carotid plaque morphology CTA versus DSA.Values are expressed as number of cases

表5 CDUS檢查診斷頸內動脈潰瘍四格表Table 5 Evaluation of internal carotid plaque ulcers with CDUS versus DSA.Values are expressed as number of cases

表6 CTA檢查診斷頸內動脈潰瘍四格表Table 6 Evaluation of internal carotid p laque ulcers with CTA versus DSA.Values are expressed as number of cases

圖2 CDUS、CTA檢查診斷頸內動脈斑塊形態和潰瘍的ROC曲線Figure 2 ROC curves and AUC values of irregular plaque morphology evaluation and ulcer identification

3 討論

準確診斷頸內動脈狹窄程度和斑塊特征,是做出正確診療計劃的基礎,根據國際指南[10],頸內動脈剝脫術治療可用于無臨床癥狀的頸內動脈狹窄或選擇性治療引起臨床癥狀頸內動脈狹窄的患者。頸內動脈狹窄的診斷長期以來有賴于DSA檢查,其在判定狹窄程度和范圍方面優于其他檢查。但DSA檢查為創傷性操作,且偶可出現動脈粥樣硬化斑塊和/或血栓脫落、動脈痙攣等并發癥[11-12],故無創影像診斷頸內動脈狹窄的技術逐漸被應用,有Meta分析指出,對于頸內動脈狹窄率≥70%的血管,非侵入性的檢查可代替DSA檢查[13-14];同時有新的報道稱,其他因素(斑塊形態和斑塊成分)同血管狹窄程度一樣重要,均應作為腦血管事件發生的危險因素進行評估[15]。因此,對患者的檢查不僅要評價血管是否狹窄,同時要評價造成血管狹窄斑塊的特征。

CDUS作為頸內動脈狹窄檢查的一級檢查方法,能夠有效顯示頸內動脈管腔和管壁,根據血流充盈情況判斷出有無斑塊和斑塊大小,對確定斑塊表面有無潰瘍和頸內動脈狹窄率做出正確判斷,并通過彩色血流顯像可以測得狹窄所致的血流動力學改變。Herzig等[15]研究發現,診斷頸內動脈狹窄率≥70%的靈敏度為100%、特異度為75%、陽性預測值為75%、陰性預測值為100%。有研究表明,CDUS檢查診斷頸內動脈狹窄率≥70%的靈敏度為65%~98%[16-17],特異度為83%~98%[18-19]。本研究結果顯示,CDUS診斷頸內動脈狹窄率≥70%的正確率為85.7%、靈敏度為83.6%、特異度為87.4%、陽性預測值為83.6%、陰性預測值為87.4%,與其他研究結果比較[20-21],本研究結果較為理想,診斷價值更高。Anzidei等[22]研究發現,CDUS診斷不規則型斑塊的靈敏度為86.9%、特異度為80.9%、陽性預測值為82.0%、陰性預測值為82.0%;診斷潰瘍的靈敏度為87.5%、特異度為88.9%、陽性預測值為65%、陰性預測值為65%。本研究結果顯示,CDUS診斷不規則型斑塊的正確率為82.7%、敏感度為85.7%、特異度為79.8%、陽性預測值為80.9%、陰性預測值為84.8%,Kappa值為0.655;診斷頸內動脈潰瘍的正確率為88.7%、敏感度為85.3%、特異度為89.6%、陽性預測值為67.4%、陰性預測值為96.0%,Kappa值為0.681,提示CDUS診斷不規則型斑塊和潰瘍與DSA檢查具有高度一致性。

CTA掃描速度快,完成圖像時間短,受到輻射小,其從肘部靜脈注射造影劑,不良反應少,較DSA安全。CTA不但可以有效、準確而無創地檢查顱內和顱外動脈狹窄或閉塞,而且可以清晰顯示動脈管壁情況,反映粥樣斑塊的質地、大小、斑塊表面狀況,區分斑塊的成分[23]。CTA診斷頸內動脈狹窄率≥70%的靈敏度為65%~95%[24-25],也有報道發現,其靈敏度為100%[26],特異度為98%和100%[24]。本研究結果顯示,CTA診斷頸內動脈狹窄率≥70%的靈敏度為94.5%、特異度為96.8%、陽性預測值為95.8%、陰性預測值為95.8%;診斷不規則型斑塊的正確率為99.1%、靈敏度為98.8%、特異度為99.4%、陽性預測值為99.4%、陰性預測值為98.8%,Kappa值為0.982,;診斷頸內動脈潰瘍的正確率為98.5%、靈敏度為94.0%、特異度為99.6%、陽性預測值為98.5%、陰性預測值為98.5%,Kappa值為0.953。提示CTA檢查診斷不規則型斑塊和潰瘍與DSA檢查具有極高的一致性。

本研究發現,CTA對頸內動脈狹窄、不規則型斑塊及潰瘍的診斷具有很高的可靠性,CTA診斷頸內動脈狹窄率≥70%、不規則型斑塊、潰瘍的正確率均高于CDUS;CTA檢查頸內動脈狹窄率與DSA檢查頸內動脈狹窄率呈高度正相關;CTA檢查與DSA檢查診斷不規則型斑塊的Kappa值為0.982,診斷潰瘍的Kappa值為0.953;CDUS檢查診斷頸內動脈不規則斑塊AUC為0.818〔95%CI(0.711,0.866)〕,CTA檢查診斷頸內動脈不規則斑塊AUC為0.997〔95%CI(0.923,1.000)〕;CDUS檢查診斷頸內動脈潰瘍AUC為0.708〔95%CI(0.633,0.788)〕,CTA檢查診斷頸內動脈潰瘍AUC為0.969〔95%CI(0.934,1.000)〕。提示CTA對頸內動脈狹窄、不規則型斑塊及潰瘍的診斷均優于CDUS,一定情況下可代替DSA檢查。

綜上所述,雖然CDUS檢查在診斷頸內動脈狹窄時可作為首選的檢查方法,但CDUS檢查在診斷的準確性方面,對操作者的技術水平和主觀判斷有較強的依賴性。而CTA檢查可以顯示血管狹窄的斑塊形態、是否有潰瘍等形態學改變,進一步評價斑塊的穩定性,為患者選擇治療方案時,特別是需要行手術治療的患者,提供更有效、全面的信息,盡可能地避免了DSA檢查帶來的有創性操作方法,也可能為其他血管病變的診斷治療提供幫助。

[1]Rothwell PM,Coull AJ,Silver LE,et al. Population-based study of event-rate,incidence,case fatality,and mortality for all acute vascular events in all arterial territories(Oxford Vascular Study)[J].Lancet,2005,366(9499):1773-1783.

[2]Rothwell PM,Eliasziw M,Gutnikov SA,et al.Analysis of pooled data from the randomised controlled trials of endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid stenosis[J].Lancet,2003,361 (9352):107-116.

[3]Rothwell PM,Mehta Z,Howard SC,et al. From subgroups to individuals:general principles and the example of carotid endarterectomy[J].Lancet,2005,365 (9455):256-265.

[4]Wintermark M,Arora S,Tong E,et al. Carotid plaque computed tomography imaging in stroke and nonstroke patients[J].Ann Neurol,2008,64(2):149-157.

[5]Dahl T,Cederin B,Myhre HO,et al.The prevalence of carotid artery stenosis in an unselected hospitalized stroke population[J].Int Angiol,2008,27(2):142-145.

[6]de Weert TT,Cretier S,Groen HC,et al. Atherosclerotic plaque surface morphology in the carotid bifurcation assessed with multidetector computed tomography angiography[J].Stroke,2009,40(4): 1334-1340.

[7]Connors JJ 3rd,Sacks D,Furlan AJ,et al. Training,competency,and credentialing standards for diagnostic cervicocerebral angiography,carotid stenting,and cerebrovascular intervention:a joint statement from the American Academy of Neurology,the American Association of Neurological Surgeons,the American Society of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology,the American Society of Neuroradiology,the Congress of Neurological Surgeons,the AANS/CNS Cerebrovascular Section,and the Society of Interventional Radiology[J].Neurology,2005,64 (2):190-198.

[8]Anzidei M,Napoli A,Geiger D,et al. Passariello Preliminary experience with MRA in evaluating the degree of carotid stenosis and plaque morphology using highresolution sequences after gadofosveset trisodium(Vasovist)administration: comparison with CTA and DSA[J].Radiol Med,2010,115(4):634-647.

[9]Zavanone C,Ragone E,Samson Y.Concordance rates of Doppler ultrasound and CT angiography in the grading of carotid artery stenosis:a systematic literature review[J].J Neurol,2012,259(6):1015-1018.

[10]North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial Collaborators.Beneficial effect of carotidendarterectomy in symptomatic patients with high grade carotid stenosis[J].N Engl J Med,1991,325(7):445-453.

[11]Wintermark M,Jawadi SS,Rapp JH,et al.High-resolution CT imaging of carotid artery atherosclerotic plaques[J].AJNR Am JNeuroradiol,2008,29(5): 875-882.

[12]Nonent M,Serfaty JM,Nighoghossian N,et al.Concordance rate differences of 3 noninvasive imaging techniques to measure carotid stenosis in clinical routine practice[J].Stroke,2004,35(3):682-686.

[13]Wardlaw JM,Chappell FM,Best JJ,et al.Non-invasive imaging compared with intra-arterial angiography in the diagnosis of symptomatic carotid stenosis: a meta-analysis[J].Lancet,2006,367(9521):1503-1512.

[14]Wang LW,Fahim MA,Hayen A,et al. Carotidartery stenosis:accuracy of noninvasive tests-individual patient data meta-analysis[J].Cochrane Database Syst Rev,2011,7(12):CD008691.

[15]Herzig R,Burval S,Krupka B,et al. Comparison of ultrasonography,CT angiography,and digital subtraction angiography in severe carotid stenoses[J].Eur J Neurol,2004,11(11): 774-781.

[16]Johnston DC,Goldstein LB.Clinical carotid endarterectomy decision making: noninvasive vascular imaging versus angiography[J].Neurology,2001,56 (8):1009-1015.

[17]Patel SG,Collie DA,Wardlaw JM,et al. Outcome,observer reliability,and patient preferences if CTA,MRA,or Doppler ultrasound were used,individually or together,instead of digital subtraction angiography before carotidendarterectomy[J].J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry,2002,73(1):21-28.

[18]Rotstein AH,Gibson RN,King PM.Direct B-mode NASCET-style stenosis measurement and Doppler ultra-sound as parameters for assessment of internal carotidartery stenosis[J].Austral Radiol,2002,46(1):52-56.

[19]Keberle M,Jenett M,Wittenberg G,et al.Comparison of 3D power doppler ultrasound,color doppler ultrasound and digital subtraction angiography in carotid stenosis[J].Rofo,2001,173(2): 133-138.

[20]Huston J 3rd,James EM,Brown RD Jr,et al.Redefined duplex ultrasonographic criteria for diagnosism of carotid artery stenosis[J].Mayo Clin Proc,2000,75 (11):1133-1140.

[21]Johnston DC,Goldstein LB.Clinical carotid endarterectomy decision making: noninvasive vascular imaging versus angiography[J].Neurology,2001,56 (8):1009-1015.

[22]Anzidei M,Napoli A,Zaccagna F,et al. Diagnostic accuracy of colour Doppler ultrasonography,CT angiography and blood-pool-enhanced MR angiography in assessing carotid stenosis:a comparative study with DSA in 170 patients[J].Radiol Med,2012,117(1):54-71.

[23]Nguyen-Huynh MN,Wintermark M,English J,et al.How accurate is CT angiography in evaluating intracranial atherosclerotic disease?[J].Stroke,2008,39(4):1184-1188.

[24]Alvarez-Linera J,Benito-León J,Escribano J,et al.Prospective evaluation of carotid artery stenosis:elliptic centric contrast-enhanced MR angiography and spiral CT angiography compared with digital subtrac-tion angiography[J].AJNR Am J Neuroradiol,2003,24(5):1012-1019.

[25]Anderson GB,Ashforth R,Steinke DE,et al.CT angiography for the detection and characterization of carotid artery bifurcation disease[J].Stroke,2000,31(9): 2168-2174.

[26]Randoux B,Marro B,Koskas F,et al. Carotid artery stenosis:prospective comparison of CT,three-dimensional gadolinium-enhanced MR,and conventional angiography[J].Radiology,2001,220(1):179-185.

Accuracy of Carotid CDUS,CTA and DSA in the Diagnosis of Internal Carotid Artery Stenosis,Plaque Morphology and Ulcer:A Comparative Study

ZHANG Yuan-yuan,MENG Xiu-jun,TIAN Shen,et al.Department of Neurology,the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University,Shenyang 110032,China

Objective To analyze the accuracy of colour Doppler ultrasonography(CDUS)and computed tomography angiography(CTA)in the diagnosis of internal carotid artery stenosis,plaque morphology and ulcer with DSA as the gold standard.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the collected data of 168 patients with internal carotid artery stenosis diagnosed by DSA who were admitted into the Fourth Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University from 2009 to 2014,and CDUS and CTA were undertaken successively.Pearson correlation analysis was conducted on the correlation between the rates of internal carotid artery stenosis screened by CDUS and CTA and the rate of internal carotid artery stenosis screened by DSA;with DSA as golden criteria,we worked out the number of subjects diagnosed as internal carotid artery stenosis degree≥70%,plaque morphology,the accuracy of ulcer diagnosis,sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value and negative predictive value;the accuracy of CDUS and CTA in the diagnosis of plaque morphology and ulcer were was analyzed by ROC curve and AUC;the consistency of the results of CDUS,CTA and DSA was analyzed by Kappa test.Results There was positive correlation among CDUS(64.73±22.91)%,CTA(62.38±22.31)%and DSA(62.52±22.31)%in the rate of internal carotid artery stenosis(r=0.922 and 0.992,P<0.05).The number of blood vessels with internal carotid artery stenosis degree≥70% diagnosed by DSA was 146,and the number of that<70%was 190.The accuracy rates of CDUS and CTA diagnosing blood vessels with internal carotid artery stenosis degree≥70%were 85.7%(288/336)and 95.8%(322/336)respectively;the sensitivity degrees were 83.6%(122/146)and 94.5%(138/146);the specificity degrees were 87.4%(166/190)and 96.8%(184/190);the positive predictive values were 83.6%(122/146)and 95.8(138/144)%;the negative predictive values were 87.4%(166/190)and 95.8%(184/192)respectively.The Kappa values of CDUS and CTA diagnosing internal carotid artery stenosis degree≥70%were 0.709 and 0.915 respectively.The number of blood vessels of internal carotid artery with regular plaque diagnosed by DSA was 168,and the number of blood vessels with irregular plaque was 168;the number of blood vessels of internal carotid artery with ulcer diagnosed by DSA was 68,and the number of blood vessels without ulcer was 268.The accuracy rates of CDUS and CTA diagnosing ulcer of internal carotid artery were 82.7%(278/336)and 99.1%(333 /336)respectively;the sensitivity degrees were 84.8%(144/168)and 98.8%(166/168);the specificity degrees were 79.8%(134/168)and 99.4%(167/168);the positive predictive values were 80.9%(144/178)and 99.4%(166/167); the negative predictive values were 84.8%(134/158)and 99.4%(167/169)respectively.The accuracy rates of CDUS and CTA diagnosing ulcer of internal carotid artery were 88.7%(298/336)and 98.5%(331/336)respectively;the sensitivity degrees were 85.3%(58/68)and 94.0%(64/68);the specificity degrees were 89.6%(240/268)and 99.6%(267 /268);the positive predictive values were 67.4%(58/86)and 98.5%(64/65);the negative predictive values were 96.0% (240/250)and 98.5%(267/271)respectively.The AUC of CDUS diagnosing the irregular plaque of internal carotid artery was 0.818〔95%CI(0.711,0.866)〕,and the AUC of CTA diagnosing the irregular plaque of internal carotid artery was 0.997〔95%CI(0.923,1.000)〕;the AUC of CDUS diagnosing the ulcer of internal carotid artery was 0.708〔95%CI(0.633,0.788)〕,and the AUC of CTA diagnosing the ulcer of internal carotid artery was 0.969〔95%CI(0.934,1.000)〕.The Kappa values of CDUS and CTA diagnosing ulcer of internal carotid artery were 0.681 and 0.953 respectively.Conclusion CTA is simple and feasible and has high accuracy degree in the diagnosis of internal carotid artery stenosis degree≥70%,irregular plaque and ulcer,which is superior to CDUS and highly consistent with the diagnosis by DSA.Therefore,CTA can be used as a substitute of DSA in some cases,so as to avoid invasiveness and potential risk.

Carotid stenosis;Ultrasonography,Doppler,color;Tomography,spiral computed;Angiography,digital subtraction;Sensitivity;Specificity

R 543.4

A

10.3969/j.issn.1007-9572.2015.30.028

2015-03-21;

2015-07-13)

(本文編輯:李婷婷)

110032遼寧省沈陽市,中國醫科大學附屬第四醫院神經內科

孟秀君,110032遼寧省沈陽市,中國醫科大學附屬第四醫院神經內科;E-mail:1356120017@qq.com

主站蜘蛛池模板: 国产精品福利导航| 午夜视频日本| 亚洲福利一区二区三区| 久热中文字幕在线| 在线观看欧美精品二区| 最新国产成人剧情在线播放| 91成人在线免费观看| 麻豆精品在线| 黄片在线永久| 97se亚洲| 992tv国产人成在线观看| 日韩福利在线视频| 在线播放国产99re| 无码视频国产精品一区二区| 天天色天天操综合网| 久久久久青草线综合超碰| 欧美日本二区| 中文字幕波多野不卡一区| 亚洲成肉网| 乱人伦视频中文字幕在线| 国产女人在线| 成人日韩精品| 久久国产精品嫖妓| 中文字幕在线不卡视频| 伦精品一区二区三区视频| 久久成人免费| 色婷婷电影网| 国产精品一区二区不卡的视频| 自拍偷拍欧美日韩| 色香蕉影院| 国产色爱av资源综合区| 中文字幕在线观| 成人福利视频网| 中国黄色一级视频| 久久久久久久97| 国产精品亚洲一区二区三区z| 在线无码av一区二区三区| 精品三级网站| 欧美日韩一区二区三区在线视频| 欧美成人国产| 伊人久久大线影院首页| 欧美三级视频网站| 国产第一页亚洲| 国产成人无码AV在线播放动漫 | 丁香六月激情综合| 毛片在线看网站| 精品国产三级在线观看| 久久国产亚洲欧美日韩精品| 国产精品亚欧美一区二区三区| 亚洲一欧洲中文字幕在线| 国产欧美日韩资源在线观看 | 亚洲国产日韩一区| 亚洲国产成人久久精品软件| 国产新AV天堂| 久久国产精品电影| 乱人伦视频中文字幕在线| 永久免费无码日韩视频| 国产嫩草在线观看| 成人毛片在线播放| 在线观看欧美国产| 久久久久免费看成人影片 | 久久久久88色偷偷| 成年人国产网站| 99精品高清在线播放| 高清乱码精品福利在线视频| 一级香蕉人体视频| 久久久久中文字幕精品视频| 毛片免费观看视频| 久久精品电影| 任我操在线视频| 国产成人夜色91| 久久久久亚洲av成人网人人软件| 久久综合色天堂av| 欧美精品在线观看视频| 国产91色| 国产真实乱子伦视频播放| www欧美在线观看| 国产亚洲视频免费播放| 在线免费亚洲无码视频| 视频一本大道香蕉久在线播放| 国产精品高清国产三级囯产AV| 亚洲人成人无码www|