勝田臺住宅，千葉，日本

2016-10-20 07:43:54張裕翔

世界建筑 2016年8期

關鍵詞：建筑

勝田臺住宅，千葉，日本

建筑設計：永山佑子建筑事務所

Architects: Yuko Nagayama & Associates

此項目位于日本千葉縣的勝田臺。建筑一層靠外的部分是一個法式糕點屋，靠內的部分是一個精品廚房，二層和三層是一戶四口之家的住宅。該建筑在一層和三層之間有一個楔形的鏤空部分，因而從街上看去，建筑的上半部分好像漂浮在糕點屋之上。當光線在一天內的不同時刻發生變化，楔形鏤空部分的質感也隨之改變：白天，這個空隙是糕點屋的自然光井，到了夜晚，燈光從空隙中照射出來，整幢房子看起來像是一個正在開啟的寶盒。在糕點屋里，我們還可以透過屋頂的玻璃看到住宅的底部。一層商鋪的墻面在臨街部分的高度被控制在1.8m，并隨著向街塊內部延展而逐漸升高。我們希望通過這樣的手法營造出一種周圍常見的、矮墻圍繞的開放空間的感覺。

項目中存在一種商店和漂浮的住宅空間互相觀望的微妙關系，在一幢建筑內同時包容了兩個獨立存在的主體。商店空間通過其矮墻與周圍建筑構成了連續街面。居住空間則與街道隔離開來，在臨街立面上不設窗洞，因而避免了住戶與周圍房屋內住戶的視線交流。我們在居住空間部分設置了一條風道，將街道上的空氣和聲音引入室內，讓住戶能感受到街道的氣氛。在第一次拜訪業主的房子時（一層店鋪，二層住宅），我們發現，為了隔絕街道上行人的視線，屋子里的窗簾總是拉著的，而且孩子在樓上走動的聲音時常影響樓下的糕點店。因此，我們在方案設計中考慮了針對這些問題的解決方式。

設計的核心概念是，在塑造一個吸引人的建筑外觀的同時定義了店鋪和住宅的新關系。我們希望強調出建筑與周圍環境間的距離感——例如，高度公共化的糕點屋和相對私密的居住空間構成的張力，而這種距離感正定義了業主在不同空間中的生活狀態。□（張裕翔譯）

1 夜景/Night view

2 首層平面/Floor 0 plan1-店鋪烘焙間/Store cookroom2-住宅入口/Housing approach3-店鋪/Store4-店鋪入口/Store approach5-道路/Front road

3 二層平面/Floor 1 plan1-臥室/Bedroom2-陽臺/Terrace

4 三層平面/Floor 2 plan1-兒童房/Kid's room2-陽臺/Terrace3-起居室，餐廳，廚房/Living， dining， kitchen

A dwelling with shop at Katsutadai，Chiba prefecture，Japan.The outer part of the 1st floor is a Patisserie and the inner part is a Cuisine，the 2nd and 3rd foors containis a dwelling for a family of four peoples.This house has an aerial wedge in between the 1st and 3rd floor，so that the upper part of dwelling looks like foating above a patisserie as a view on street.This aerial wedge with changing characters as the photic layer responds to different times of the day - During the daytime it will be a light-well for a patisserie，and the nighttime the lights leaking from this aperture like a treasure box is opened.And we can see a sole of dwelling volume in a patisserie based on its transparent glass roof.The wall of shop along the street is planed to 1.8 meters height and it is gradually being higher toward the inside，on the basis of our intention to create a familiar open space like an empty-lot where is just surrounded by low wall.

This house has an inter-observing relationship between a shop and a floating dwelling space that makes different independent existence in a single building simultaneously.Each space has a particular sense of distance to the surrounding environment.A shop space is a kind of continuous exterior with the streetscape where is only surrounded by low wall.And a dwelling space is more separated from the surroundings where is foating above the street and has non-openings along the street，so that the dwellers cannot see other houses directly and vice versa.Additionally，we put a kind of wind-path in a dwelling part that brings the wind and the sounds form the outside to the inside space，and then dwellers can feel an atmosphere of the street.When we went their previous house for the first time（the 1st foor contains a shop and the 2nd foor a dwelling），a curtain is closed due to the concern of visual interruptions from street，and they also troubled with the noise of their child's footstep form upstairs to patisserie.Therefore，we also attempted a solution of those problems in the schematic design.

The approach is planed to have an attractive appearance with long length to change the mood between a shop and a dwelling.We intended to change a sense of distance to the surroundings with the situations-such as high public patisserie space and more independent dwelling space，and those senses of distance change the fow of time between the spaces in their life.□

項目信息/Credits and Data

建筑設計/Architects: Yuko Nagayama，Yohei Kawashima（Yuko Nagayama & Associates）

位置/Location: 日本千葉縣八千代市勝田臺/ Katsutadai，Yachiyo，Chiba，Japan

功能/Program: 住宅兼店鋪/Dwelling with Shop

基地面積/Site Area: 100m2

占地面積/Building Area: 79.9m2

總建筑面積/Total Floor Area: 178.5m2

結構/Structure: 鋼/Steel

建成時間/Completion: 2013

攝影/Photos: 阿野太一/Daici Ano