四億年以來中國陸地生物群演變及其與環(huán)境的關(guān)系立項(xiàng)報(bào)告

周忠和

摘 要：地球陸地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)大約從4億年前開始形成，經(jīng)歷了數(shù)次重大的變革，生命演化的許多關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)也是在陸地上完成的。一些重大的地質(zhì)環(huán)境變化對陸地生物各個類群以及整個生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的演化產(chǎn)生了重要影響。我國擁有豐富古生物資源以及涵蓋4億年來各個地史時期的，出露良好且沉積類型多樣的陸相和海陸交互相的地層記錄。已完成的古生物學(xué)領(lǐng)域的兩個973項(xiàng)目在古生物學(xué)及其相關(guān)前沿領(lǐng)域均取得了一系列令國內(nèi)外關(guān)注的重要成果。該申請項(xiàng)目將側(cè)重陸相地層與古生物學(xué)綜合研究，集中國內(nèi)優(yōu)勢隊(duì)伍，充分發(fā)揮團(tuán)隊(duì)和學(xué)科交叉優(yōu)勢，以中國豐富的陸相化石材料和地層為依托，以前期積累的研究成果為基礎(chǔ)，重點(diǎn)對約4億年前植物和脊椎動物登陸以后，中國各主要陸地生物群的演化開展系統(tǒng)深入的研究。首先，將繼續(xù)加強(qiáng)傳統(tǒng)古生物學(xué)和地層學(xué)的工作，不斷完善我國陸相地層的年代框架，為精確的區(qū)域和全球?qū)Ρ鹊於ɑA(chǔ)；其次，將通過揭示古生物本身所包含的古環(huán)境信息，并結(jié)合同位素地球化學(xué)、沉積學(xué)的工作，對一些關(guān)鍵地史時期的動、植物生活的古環(huán)境進(jìn)行恢復(fù)；最后，在以上工作的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步對生物演化和環(huán)境的關(guān)系開展更加深入的研究，重點(diǎn)探索重大全球和區(qū)域地質(zhì)環(huán)境事件對植物和脊椎動物登陸、中生代主要動物類群起源和演化、新生代陸地生物群演化及動植物地理區(qū)系的形成和演變的影響過程和機(jī)理。

關(guān)鍵詞：四億年來 中國陸地生物群 陸地生態(tài)系統(tǒng) 植物和脊椎動物登陸

Initial Report： Evolution of Chinese Terrestrial Biotae in Relation to Environmental Changes Since 400 Million Years Ago

Zhou Zhonghe

（Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology）

Abstract：The Earths terrestrial ecosystem was initiated since 400 million years ago and underwent times of significant changes， where many critical evolution events took place. Big geological environmental changes brought significant impacts on each and every terrestrial biotae. China has abundant paleontological resource and well cropping out strata， representing various types of continental and paralic facies deposits， which spanned over 400 million years. Two 973 programs in paleontology have been accomplished and made a great well-known achievements in paleontology and related frontiers. This new program application will focus on comprehensive analysis of the terrestrial ecosystem and paleontology. Our team consists of outstanding specialists from different fields， and this interdisciplinary cooperation will be fully exploited. Based on the richness of terrestrial fossils and strata， and previous studies， we concentrate on how Chinese major terrestrial biotae evolved after the plants and vertebrate invasion of land. Firstly， we decide to continue traditional paleontological and stratigraphical studies to improve the chronological framework of Chinese continental strata， which is fundamental for precise local and global correlation. Secondly， we combine the paleoenvironment information contained in paleontology， isotope geochemistry and sedimentology to reconstruct paleoenvironment where those ancient plants and animals lived. Lastly， based on these aforementioned studies， we will go further to perform comprehensive studies regarding the relationship between environment and evolution； we will address issues such as how the global and local geological events brought influence on plant and vertebrate invasion of land， origin and evolution of the major Mesozoic clade， evolution of Cenozoic terrestrial ecosystem， and the formation and changes of Cenozoic floras and fauna.

Key Words：400 million years；Chinese terrestrial biotae； Terrestrial ecosystem； Plants and vertebrate invasion of land

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