Neural regeneration after spinal cord injury treatment by lavandula angustifolia and human umbilical mesanchymal stem cell transplantation

Neural regeneration after spinal cord injury treatment by lavandula angustifolia and human umbilical mesanchymal stem cell transplantation

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the most common causes of paralysis worldwide because the loss of neurons and axons causes permanent neurological de fi cits which could have in fl uences on quality of life of patients, their family, and society.e complex pathophysiology of SCI, especially the secondary injury cascade, blocks complete recovery aer SCI (Dumont et al., 2001).

It has been shown that the more antioxidant protection, the better the result of SCI improvement. On the other hand, it has been demonstrated that increased oxidative stress can lead to direct DNA damage, which leads to damaged secondary processes, such as an impaired activity of membrane enzymes.erefore, it appears that inhibiting the progression of second‐ary injury to spinal cord neurons is one of the most effective therapeutic strategies in limiting tissue injury of an injured spi‐nal cord (Dumont et al., 2002).

In the past ten years, the fi rst cell therapies (ProCord, OEGs, Schwann cells) have started using engineered biomolecules and antibodies. New trials of neuroprotection are underway and several thousand SCI patients have received a variety of cell therapies, bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs), and cord blood.e rate of progress has been remarkable (Richard et al., 2002), but until today there are no demonstrated treatments for spinal cord injury (Yamaji et al., 2008).us, the best course of action is to decrease inflammation and oxidative stress around the damaged neurons and to increase neuroprotective agents.

It has been shown that systemic delivery of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have therapeutic benefits in a number of experimental treatments for central nervous system disorders.ese cells are multipotent stem cells present in adults, and when cultured they have the ability to di ff erentiate into a variety of lin‐eages, including neurons and glial cells. Moreover, the systemic injection of MSCs prepared from adult bone marrow has ther‐apeutic benefits after cerebral artery occlusion (Dumont et al., 2001). BMSCs ares a reliable source of producing neural‐like cells aer SCI and are more similar to neural stem cells (Yamaji et al., 2008). HUMSCs from Wharton’s jelly are a low‐cost source of stem cells that can be easily obtained and propagated in culture without invasive medical procedures or ethical issues (Yaghoobi et al., 2016), possess stem cell properties, are immunotolerable (Yaghoobi et al., 2016), and can be induced to form other cell lin‐eages, such as neurons and glial cells (Mitchell et al., 2003).

In our studies, we found that the e ff ective dose of L. angusti‐folia hydro‐alcoholic extract was 400 mg/kg and the lethal dose of L. angustifolia hydro‐alcoholic extract was 800 mg/kg.

Our studies showed that L. angustifolia significantly im‐proved behavioral results; such as the Basso, Beattie, and Bres‐nahan (BBB), sensory test, and electrophysiological evaluation results. L. angustifolia also increased the number of the ventral horn motor neurons and decreased the number of astrocytes and therefore decreased astrogliosis. The result of intraspinal transplantation of HUMSCs to the injured spinal cord was similar to L. angustifolia, and when we used a combination of L. angustifolia and HUMSCs, the results were stronger. The results of behavioral tests signi fi cantly increased improvement; for example, the blood‐brain barrier, sensory test, and electro‐physiological evaluation results were improved in comparison with either single treatment (Kaka et al., 2016; Yaghoobi et al., 2016).e increase of the number of ventral horn motor neu‐rons and decrease of the number of astrocytes were better than either single treatment. In our study, we strongly demonstrated that extract of L. angustifolia could have neuroprotective e ff ects (Yaghoobi et al., 2016) to diminish cavity area of gray and white matter in injured spinal cord (Kaka et al., 2016; Yaghoobi et al., 2016) (Figure 1).

Kayvan Yaghoobi＊

Neuroscience Research Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

＊Correspondence to: Kayvan Yaghoobi, Ph.D., Yaghoobi.kayvan@gmail.com.

Figure 1 E ff ects of L. angustifolia and HUMSCs treatment on SCI.

Accepted:2017-01-13

orcid: 0000-0001-7964-5642 (Kayvan Yaghoobi)

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10.4103/1673-5374.198984

How to cite this article:Yaghoobi K (2017) Neural regeneration aer spinal cord injury treatmen by lavandula angustifolia and human umbilical mesanchymal stem cell transplantation. Neural Regen Res 12(1):68-69.

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