劉芳
【摘要】雅思口語考試中的Part 3部分對于口語考試最終的成績起著至關重要作用。現將多年的口語教學經驗總結出來,提供給考生們參考。
【關鍵詞】雅思口語考試Part 3部分 備考技巧
熟悉雅思口語考試的人都知道,雅思口語考試中的Part3部分對于口語考試最終的成績起著至關重要的作用。究其原因,一方面是由于話題的深度與難度是眾多考生所難以料想的,回答起來沒有頭緒;另一方面則是因為考生缺乏對眾多話題宏觀的了解,沒有掌握有效的備考技巧。回答時沒有按照“套路”展開,無邏輯性的隨意拼湊內容,最終導致了考生在這一部分的成績不理想的結果。
要想在Part3部分拿到較高的分數,就必須深入了解這部分出題的規律與應答的技巧。雖然口語話題都是關于學習與生活的內容,但Part1中的話題更加側重生活化、私人的內容;而Part3中所問到的話題則較為正式,更多的將關注點放在社會、城市、國家等更深層次的內容。舉例來說,回答Part1話題時,通常以第一人稱I來作答,而在回答第三部分時,幾乎很少出現第一人稱,而更多地使用諸如involve(涉及)、concern(關注)、participate in(參與)等高端詞匯。下面將Part3中常見問題類型進行逐一分析與詳解。
1. 原因類:顧名思義,就是對某件事情或者現象的原因進行分析。通常根據不同的題目可以從政府角度、經濟發展、歷史原因、文化背景、宗教特點、家庭情況、個人經歷等不同方面來分析。此類題型應該首先申述或重復上述結論,然后按層次分析原因,最后進行總結申述。
E.g:Examiner: Why …?/What is the reason of…? Candidate:(可參照以下表述)
Well, it is a topic that people have been talking about for quite a while. Some believe that …is the main reason why…; Others claim that it is…Well, I cant say whose side I am on. They both make their points.
在解釋原因時,還可以采用以下句式:
The fact is ……so the main reason for that is ……
There could be a number of explanations./Thats due to the fact...
The most significant one may be...
2. 觀點類:觀點類的題型首先應該直接給出清晰的觀點,然后分幾點進行觀點支撐的分別論述。這類話題只講個人觀點就可以,但是要做到分析到位,答案飽滿,語言精準。在觀點類題目中,又可以具體劃分為兩種情況:
a、回答“solutions/ how should ...?”類型題的句型
E.g: Examiner: Should people …? And explain why.
Candidate: I suppose the answer is “yes”. As we all know, it has a lot of benefits. For starters,…And most importantly,…I dont think there is anyone in the world who wants to see the day when…Therefore, let us…!
常用句型推薦:
I believe a range of steps should be taken, such as....
And probably most importantly, ...
The most sensible way to confront this would be...
b、回答“advantages and disadvantages”時首先要熟悉替換advantages 的同義詞。比如:benefit/ merit/ positive feature
There are a number of benefit.
Clearly, the advantages include…
That is beneficial primarily because ....
disadvantages的替代說法有:drawbacks/ weaknesses/ weak points
There may be same risks involved./Apparently, some hazards may be involved.
3、對比類:這類題型是指在兩類或幾類不同人物或者事物之間進行對比。考生應做到多角度、全方位的分析、有邏輯性的回答考官。這類話題,邏輯性與層次感是至關重要的。
E.g: Examiner: Which is more important when you choose a gift, the price or the meaning?
Candidate: I prefer the meaning for sure. Off the top of my head,… Besides, the price is nothing but a price tag, …which overshadows the price as well. Lastly, the price is not worth a thing.
起始句:
Therere a couple of differences between them…
The main differences I can think of are ....
接下來給出第一點區別:
The most essential one is..../Compared with.....,
接下來給出第二點區別:
Apart from that,.../A second difference would be...
While/ whereas/ by contrast/ compared with.../
結束語:
So you see, there are totally different./I guess thats it.
以上是針對雅思口語考試Part3部分中三個類別的分析及講解內容,希望可以對于參加雅思考試的考生有幫助。