高考英語(yǔ)全國(guó)卷中倡議書(shū)寫(xiě)作導(dǎo)練

周輝

一、文體概述

倡議書(shū)寫(xiě)作總體屬于說(shuō)明文和議論文相結(jié)合的寫(xiě)作范疇。一般包括倡議主題的背景、倡議主題的重要性和發(fā)出號(hào)召等三部分內(nèi)容。寫(xiě)作時(shí)，要做到倡議主題突出，倡議內(nèi)容清楚。同時(shí)，注意倡議書(shū)的語(yǔ)言特征，可以用些鼓動(dòng)性的詞語(yǔ)，但要實(shí)事求是。文字要力求簡(jiǎn)潔明了。

二、必備短語(yǔ)

1. environmentally friendly/ environment-friendly 環(huán)境友好的

2. contribute to/ lead to/ result in/ give rise to 導(dǎo)致

3. have a positive/ negative effect on 對(duì)……有積極/消極的影響

4. make all efforts to do sth./ spare no efforts to do sth. 全力以赴做某事

5. adopt/ take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事

6. enhance the awareness of 提高……的意識(shí)

7. appeal to sb to do sth 呼吁某人做某事

8. be responsible for對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé)；是……的原因

9. protect ... from ... 保護(hù)……免受傷害

10. do harm to 對(duì)……有害

三、套用句式

1. It is well known that ... is getting worse and worse. 眾所周知，……正在變得越來(lái)越糟糕。

2. If everyone makes some contributions to ...，... will become ... 如果每一個(gè)人都可以為……做一些貢獻(xiàn)，……將會(huì)變得……

3. Faced with ...， we should ... 面對(duì)……我們應(yīng)該……

4. In a word， if everyone pays more attention to ... there will be less/ fewer and ... will be better.總之，如果每個(gè)人都多關(guān)注一點(diǎn)……，……將會(huì)更少，而……將會(huì)更多。

5. Its high time we did / should do …是我們做……的時(shí)候。

6. Only in this way can we … 唯有用這種方式，我們才可以……

四、習(xí)作修改 下列習(xí)作中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

In recently years， the hazy weather occurs from time to time， on account of it great harm has been done to our everyday life.

Face the great harm coming from the haze， what measures should we adopt to cope with the problem. On one hand， it is recommended that people went to work or school taking the public transport vehicles such as the bus and the subway. On the other hand， its the time that more trees were planted in all possible place. Only by this way can fresh air and a blue sky return us in the near future.

Actions speak loud than words. Your actions do count！

五、課堂練習(xí)

假如你叫李華，是某一中學(xué)的學(xué)生，請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容寫(xiě)一封英文倡議書(shū)，談?wù)勛鳛橹袑W(xué)生用實(shí)際行動(dòng)保護(hù)環(huán)境。要點(diǎn)如下：

1. 現(xiàn)在環(huán)境情況不令人滿意

2. 倡議：出行時(shí)多步行或騎自行車(chē)，不亂扔垃圾等

注意：

1. 字?jǐn)?shù)100詞左右；

2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

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六、課外作業(yè)

為了學(xué)校有一個(gè)美好校園，你代表校學(xué)生會(huì)向全體學(xué)生擬一份倡議書(shū)。要點(diǎn)如下：

1. 簡(jiǎn)要描述不文明現(xiàn)象（亂扔垃圾）；

2. 提出倡議（不亂扔垃圾，在不課室吃、喝東西）

注意：1. 字?jǐn)?shù)100詞左右；

2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

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參考答案與解析

習(xí)作修改

1. 第1句的recently改為recent。因years為名詞，修飾名詞要用形容詞。

2. 第1句的it改為which。根據(jù)兩句之間的邏輯關(guān)系，這里應(yīng)用“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。

3. 第2句中的Face改為Facing。因Face和主句主語(yǔ)之間為主謂關(guān)系，且和主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式作狀語(yǔ)。

4. 第3句中的went改為go。因在It is recommended that ...句型中，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞原形或“should+動(dòng)詞原形”。

5. 第3句中the subway前的and改為or。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里表示選擇關(guān)系，不表示并列。

6. 第4句中的定冠詞the刪除。Its time that ...（是做……事情的時(shí)候了）為固定句型，time前面不用冠詞。

7. 第4句中的place改為places。因place前面有all 修飾，所以要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

8. 第5句中的by改為in。因in this way（用這種方法）為固定搭配，且符合文意。

9. 第5句中的return后面加to。因return to（回歸……）為固定搭配，且和文意相符。

10. 第6句中的loud改為louder。根據(jù)句中的than可知要用比較級(jí)。

課堂練習(xí)

Dear Friends，

Do you want to live in an enjoyable world？Of course， youd rather you did！ However， do you love your present living environment？Maybe most of your answer is not！If so， keeping the following in mind can help you achieve your aim！

For one thing， we might as well go to work or school on foot or by bike every day， building up our body. For another， never throwing rubbish around does play an important role in protecting our environment， helping us own a more pleasant living environment. Only in this way can we make our city more attractive and harmonious.

Please dont hesitate to join us and protect our environment now. It is our small action that counts！Thank you！

Sincerely yours，

Li hua

課外作業(yè)

Dear teachers and fellow students，

Do you want to study in an enjoyable campus？ Of course， youd rather you did！However， do you love our present campus？Maybe most of your answer is not！As some of you may know， over the past years， plastic bags， cans and other rubbish can be seen in our school. So it is high time that we joined efforts to prevent these uncivilized phenomena happening again.

For one thing， never litter about in our campus， which plays an important role in keeping our school clean. For another， please keep our classroom clean and remember there is no eating and drinking in our classroom.

Take action now！Make our campus more in order！

The studentsUnion

責(zé)任編輯 蔣小青