有小餐廳的游泳屋，韋拉，瑞士

建筑設計： 戈迪安·布盧門塔爾，拉蒙·卡保羅

Architects: Gordian Blumenthal, Ramun Capaul

1 外景/Exterior view

2 總平面/Site plan

建筑師布盧門塔爾和卡保羅在偏遠的山區居住和工作。一方面他們決定留在那里，用自己的項目為當地社會做出貢獻。另一方面，建筑師與合作者或互動者有著非常國際化的網絡。在偏遠山區，人們可以通過建筑來真正與社會產生互動：每個建筑都有其影響且相當重要。

在瓦爾盧姆內齊亞山腳下的瓦迪斯村，建筑師在原先的沼澤地之上規劃了新的游泳屋。這里20年前曾修建了一個小型的池塘以供游泳。由于旅游業的發展和人們想游泳的意愿一直存在，這里的基礎設施并沒有隨之更新，因而十分需要新的解決方案。新蓋的建筑將為游泳池提供包括收銀、更衣室、淋浴以及濱湖咖啡館“Ustrietta”在內的所有設施。

該建筑有兩層，歡迎入口引導來訪者前往濱湖泳池。建筑在所倚靠的山脈上稍許扭轉，主立面朝向南方，面對著湖泊。建筑以瓦爾盧姆內齊亞的本土建筑文化為導向，選用當地建筑材料、適宜的木材和特定的地方做法，這種轉角的做法被稱為“Strickbau”。

建筑的核心區是小型餐廳Ustrietta，墻壁均為未經加工過的木材。它使人們聯想到阿爾卑斯山上簡易農舍的傳統起居室和瓦爾盧姆內齊亞后山上臨時搭建物的形態。所用的材料和做法讓建造過程展露無遺，并直接體現在建筑的形式表達上：屋檐下的原木直白地袒露著，凸顯了屋頂的傳統天然薄層巖貼面。轉角的傳統做法使屋頂在山墻面延伸的更長。縱立面僅開設極小的孔洞來滿足通風。從內墻可以看到外部結構的連接點。屋頂覆蓋并保護著外露的木材。（天妮 譯）

3 轉角細部/Corner detail

The architects Blumental Capaul live and work in a remote area. They decided to stay there and to contribute with their work to the local society.On the other side, the architects have a very international network with whom they sometimes collaborate or interact. In remote areas one can design and really interact in the society with architecture: Each building has an impact and is important.

In the former marshland above the village of Vattiz in the Val Lumnezia the architects planned the new swimming house. Twenty years ago a small pond was created for swimming. Because tourism grew and people want to go swimming, the infrastructure was not up to date anymore. A new solution was necessary. The new building hosts all facilities for the swimming pool with the cashier,changing rooms, showers and the lake coffee"Ustrietta".

The building has two floors and welcomes the visitors at the entrance to the swimming lakes. The building is slightly turned away from the hill it leans on. The main facade is orientated towards south,and faces the lake. The volume orientates itself on local building culture in the Val Lumnezia with its building material and the material available wood and its specific local construction of interlinking them at the corners "Strickbau".

The heart of the building is the small restaurant Ustrietta. The walls are all in wood, which not get any treatment. It reminds to traditional living rooms of the simple farmsteads further up in the mountain on the Alps and the temporary settlements at the very back of the val Lumnezia. Material and construction keep the production process visible and lead direct to the formal expression: The view from below the roof is not covered with anything and lets the traditional natural flagstone cladding be visible. At the side of the gable the traditional corner solutions with the roof gets longer. In the long facades there are only small openings for the ventilation. The inner walls are visible because one sees the connection points of the construction on the outside. The roof covers and protects the exposed wood.

4 更衣室/Changing room

5 首層平面/Ground floor plan

6 剖面/Section

評論

胡恒：樸素的房子。全實木結構，屋頂疊以片石，兩種材料應該都來自本地——室內臺階居然用上那么大的料，真是奢侈。似乎千百年來，此處就是這樣蓋房子的。不過仔細觀之，我們還是能發現設計遵循了現代主義的理性法則。平面比例精致。內部空間做的是幾何體塊的虛實關系，而不是房間。所以界面（包括家具）完全勻質化卻并不枯燥乏味。建筑師顯然打定主意不做一點多余的東西。只是支撐屋頂側廊的木墻在下方還削去一塊，表示“節約”，未免過于拘謹。這里，純粹性是做到了，但離力量感與氣度還有一小段距離。而這也許就是優秀建筑師與大師的距離。

張早：在群山間這樣一塊洼地上，放置一個200m2左右的服務性建筑，相比于立方體、塔或者微小的群落形態，水平向延展的建筑是最為適合的。場地需要平矮的建筑，但如此的建筑規模，如果進深過大會造成空間使用上的不利，平面邊緣也會過多侵向場地中心，而如果是加長面寬，在受到多變地形挑戰的同時也會造成流線的冗長。因此，建筑結果是一個被壓低層高的兩層建筑。單坡屋頂配合地形向南側跌落，并向屋前懸挑，傾斜的石板屋面進一步遮蓋了南立面的高度。二層較低的一側最小凈高約2m，應該主要是留給女士的區域，這一側多現小窗，因此地面層南立面的水平洞口帶來了人們對房屋的單層觀感，這樣的處理也滿足了結構的需求。二層南北木墻面向外伸出，化解山面體量的同時強化了自身作為梁體的結構意義。屋身向北側坡地中半埋，背立面也得到了一個單層建筑的高度。

項目信息/Credits and Data

客戶/Client: 盧姆內齊亞市政府/Municipality Lumnezia

建設周期/Building Year: 2014-2015

結構工程/Structural Engineer: Giachen Blumenthal/Clemens Arpagaus

攝影/Photos: Lucia Degonda

7 咖啡廳及餐廳/Cafeteria and restaurant

Comments

HU Heng: This is a simple house with a pure solid wood structure and a rooftop overlaid with stone pieces. Both the wood and stone pieces seem to be local materials. They are also used in the indoor steps, a massive,luxurious piece. It seems that such use of materials is an age-old, local tradition. Nevertheless, on closer observation we can see that the design follows the Modernist concept of rationality. The house has nicely proportioned planes, the indoor space creates a geometric relationship between the empty-full components rather than the actual rooms.Hence, the interface, including the furniture, is completely homogenized yet not tedious. Clearly, the architect decided not to add any superfluous elements. However, part of the wooden wall used to support the rooftop aisle has been broken off, giving a sense of "economy"; which might result in a reserved design. Therefore, it is pure, yet lack of a sense of power and grace. This, perhaps, illustrates the distance between excellent architects and great masters. (Translated by Dandan Wang)ZHANG Zao: To place 200m2service building on a depression like this amongst the hills, compared with a cube, a tower or tiny community form, a horizontally spread building is the most suitable one. The site needs low buildings. But with a building scale like this, if the depth is too large, it'll affect the usage of space, and the edge of plan will be invading too much to the centre of the site;but if the width is lengthened, it will not only be challenged by the diverse terrain, but also result in overly long routes. Therefore, the building ends up as a two story building that has been pushed down. The single pitched roof falls to the south side according to the terrain, and hangs over to the front of the house. The sloped slate roof further covers the height of the southern facade. The minimum height on the lower side of the second floor is about 2 meters. The area should be mainly for women. On this side, there are mostly small windows, so the horizontal holes on the ground floor of the southern facade bring people the visual feeling of a single story building, while also meeting the structural requirements. The wooden walls on the second floor stretch out to the north and south, resolving the mass of the gables and strengthening the structural meaning as beams at the same time. The body of house is half buried in the northern slope, so on the back facade it also has the height of a single story building. (Translated by CHEN Yuxiao)