The Financial Industry and the Financial Market

金融業健康發展。銀行業資產負債1“資產負債”可譯成balance sheets，一般的balance sheet左面列出資產，右面列出負債。規模繼續擴大，支持“三農”、小微企業2有人喜歡在enterprises前面加定冠詞，但這里的“小微企業”是泛指，不宜用定冠詞。力度持續增強，薄弱領域的信貸投入3許多人一看到“投入”就喜歡用input。應該承認，此處用credit input也不是不可以，只是直接用funding更加自然一些。繼續加大，資本充足水平持續提高，撥備整體穩定，風險彌補和損失吸收能力較強4對于“資本充足水平持續提高，撥備整體穩定，風險彌補和損失吸收能力較強”，如果按照中文結構翻譯（The capital adequacy level continued to rise, provisioning remained stable in general, and the capacity of risk compensation and loss absorption was strong.），也沒有錯，但如果我們分析一下“資本充足水平持續提高”“撥備整體穩定”“風險彌補和損失吸收能力較強”這三者的邏輯關系，就會發現第三項是前兩項的結果。在譯文里體現這種關系，有助于減少譯文松散的感覺，增強連貫性。“撥備”是指用于抵消壞賬的備用金，可以稱為provision coverage，或更具體一點loan loss provision coverage，或provisions for bad loans，等等。。證券期貨業經營機構整體運營穩健，行業創新能力不斷提升，監管轉型5“監管轉型”如果譯成transformation of the regulation，意思是很不清楚的，可考慮譯成transforming regulatory functions。繼續深化，市場基礎性制度建設6“市場基礎性制度建設”如果譯成the institutional building for the market，非常令人費解，而且不能反映原文意思。原文的本意應該就是building a market-based system。穩步推進，雙向開放取得積極進展。保險業資產規模持續增長，保費收入快速增加，資金運用收益大幅提高，經營效益顯著提升，風險保障能力進一步提高。7原文里關于保險業的情況介紹用了五個并列分句，在英語里套用這種結構會顯得松散。調整結構更可取一些，另外可視需要減少動賓結構，改用名詞結構。

The financial sector development was healthy.Banking institutions continued to expand their balance sheets, with increased funding for the agricultural sector, rural areas and farmers, for small and micro enterprises,and for weak sectors of the economy.With rising capital adequacy ratios and stable provisioning coverage, they continued to strengthen risk compensation mechanisms and build an adequate loss-absorbing capacity.Securities and futures firms were generally on the right track, with improved innovation ability.Progress continued to be made in transforming regulatory functions,building a market-based system, and speeding up two-way opening up of the capital market.The asset size of the insurance sector continued to grow with a rapid rise in premium income, a substantial increase in yields on insurance companies’ investments, and markedly improved efficiency and risk resilience.

[2]金融市場穩健運行。各項改革和發展措施穩步推進，市場交易活躍，產品創新不斷深化8“深化”是中文里最愛用的詞語之一，一般譯者只要見到“深化”，就必然用deepen。于是，“產品創新不斷深化”便成了product innovation was deepened，這是非常奇怪的搭配。其實，我們在翻譯時，經常可以（而且應該或甚至必須）透過字面從內在含義著手，不必在“深”字上大做文章。應該記住的是，我們翻譯的是要傳遞的信息，而不是單詞的字面含義。，市場制度逐步完善，多層次資本市場建設穩步推進。貨幣市場利率波動幅度減小，市場壓力有所下降。9雖然原文是“貨幣市場利率波動幅度減小，市場壓力有所下降”，似乎講了兩個分別的情況，以并列結構加以表述，但這兩者彼此密切相關，前者是原因，后者是結果，因此在英語里結合兩者表述可能更合理一些。債券市場投資者類型更加豐富10“債券市場投資者類型更加豐富”是指參加債券市場投資的人更加多樣，而如果譯成bond market investors further diversified，就似乎是說投資者的投資組合更加多樣。，公司信用類債券發行增速明顯提高。股票指數震蕩上行，股票融資規模上升。期貨市場成交量有所增長，國債期貨重啟后運行平穩。人民幣利率衍生品市場交易活躍度明顯上升，產品品種進一步增加。

[2]The financial market was stable.Steadily progressing reform efforts contributed to the financial market’s sustained vitality and expanded product innovation.Market-based mechanisms were being improved, and progress was made in building a multi-layered capital market.Reduced money market interest rate volatility eased market pressure.The ranks of bond market investors saw further diversification, and the growth of corporate debenture issuance acceler- ated dramatically.The stock indices spiraled upward, and the volume of equity financing was expanded.Futures trading volume increased, and the government bond futures market resumed normal trading after it was reopened.The RMB interest rate derivatives market registered increasingly active trading with an expanded range of products offered.