沃爾什海灣改造，悉尼，澳大利亞

建筑設計：HPA建筑事務所與PTW建筑事務所合作

Architects: HPA Architects in association with PTW Architects

沃爾什碼頭地處悉尼港沃爾什灣，1820年建成后對外開放，很快成為了當地繁華的商業港，對悉尼航運事業做出巨大貢獻。然而，隨著港口現代化及大型現代集裝箱船的出現，碼頭的使用頻率逐漸減少，同時也因其木質結構年久失修遭受忽視和白蟻困擾而接近荒廢，改造轉型的需求日益劇增。

PTW建筑事務所堅持對歷史結構的維護，綜合濱水開發與市政規劃部門一起同步維護城市肌理，重組功能，為沃爾什地區注入活力。改造后的濱水碼頭由住宅區、商業區及零售區域組成。

第6/7號碼頭是沃爾什灣第一階段改造的項目，選擇環保材料，采用現代和傳統結合的路線，配合生態可持續發展的開發技術手段，使其在規模、形式、肌理上自然融入海岸結構。碼頭提供140套單層和復式公寓，包含配套的公共設施，如健身房、船舶或車輛停靠位置等。部分項目公寓和公共海濱廣場銜接形成新城區。

沃爾什海灣波茨格街有一處倉庫區，17座大型豪華住宅就安置在鋼架混凝土結構的倉庫之上，與Lower Fort街遙相呼應。此外，為了保證采光的充足，每一處宅邸都包含一個私人庭院。

擁有857座的羅斯林劇院位于沃爾什灣中心地帶，是該地區的重要文化單位，劇院利用最新技術為觀眾提供優質的觀影條件。禮堂外墻覆蓋的彩色圖案木板是原建筑拆除的遺留物，由建筑團隊從工地廢舊物品中打撈并逐件組裝而成。劇院目前常駐的藝術機構有悉尼劇院公司、悉尼舞蹈團和悉尼作家節。□

項目信息/Credits and Data

客戶/Client: Walsh Bay Partnership (a Mirvac/Transfield joint venture)

設計/竣工時間/Design/Completion: 1998/2004

攝影/Photos: Rowan Turner (fig. 7-10), Patrick Bingham-Hall ( fig. 4)

1 港口鳥瞰/Aerial view (Image courtesy of HPA Mirvac)

2 海岸線歷史演化示意圖/The history of shoreline

3 港口歷史航拍圖/Walsh Bay c.1937 (Image courtesy of Royal Australian Historical Society)

In the 1820s, the first wharves were built at Walsh Bay to accommodate ships carrying trade to and from Sydney Harbour and Walsh Bay soon became a bustling commercial port. With the advent of passenger jet travel and large modern container ships these wharves became obsolete.

The water and land-based buildings and vacant sites at Walsh Bay offer residential apartments, cafes, restaurants, retail, cultural and commercial buildings and an 850-seat drama theatre as well as commercial and retail space. The redevelopment of the Walsh Bay precinct combines restoration and adaptive re-use of historic structures and new buildings which when combined, helped to reinvigorate this important but disused waterfront area.

Pier 6/7 was an integral part of the first stage of the Walsh Bay Redevelopment, one of Australia's major urban renewal undertakings. The construction utilised principles of ecologically sustainable development (ESD) and robust maritime materials, such as timber and stainless steel, appropriate to the location. The pier provides 140 apartments in single and double storey configurations, residents' common areas, a gym and health club, boat moorings and car parkings.

Pier 6/7 was an important piece of infill architecture on Sydney Harbour's foreshore. It needed to relate in scale, form and grain to the magnificent timber wharf and shore structures nearby.

Combined with the Shore 8-9 apartments (containing another 99 apartments) and the public waterfront concourse, this project created an important new precinct for the people of Sydney.

Seventeen grand terrace homes were designed for a vacant site, overhead a 1920s reinforced concrete bond store structure, in Pottinger Street, Walsh Bay. The luxury homes were designed to reflect the context of the nearby terrace houses along Lower Fort Street, yet maintain a contemporary expression.

Each terrace addresses the street and contains a garden and a rear private courtyard. As the site was steeply stepped to the south from Pottinger Street, a central atrium was provided for light and solar access.

The Roslyn Packer Theatre is a first class 857-seat drama theatre located in the heart of the Walsh Bay heritage precinct. The venue utilises the latest in theatre and design technology to ensure optimal audience conditions with excellent sight lines and acoustic environment. The auditorium, foyers and fly tower occupy the space created by the demolition of a warehouse built in the 1950s. Back of house and support facilities are located within adjacent heritage buildings.

Since opening, the theatre has achieved the highest performance standards for both the actors and the audience. The external wall of the auditorium is clad in coloured and patterned timber battens salvaged from the site and composed piece by piece by the architectural team.

The theatre currently houses several major arts institutions, most notably: The Sydney Theatre Company, Sydney Dance Company and Sydney Writers' Festival.□

4 外景/Exterior view

5 平面/Plan

6 剖面/Section

7.8 木結構/Timber structure

9 海景住宅/The sea view from the residence

評論

何可人：這是一個難得的城市更新項目，在已經開始敗落的港口區開發住宅來增強整個區域的活力，建筑和公共空間的肌理保持原有的風貌，利用道路和連接橋避免與城市另一側割裂開。文字中沒有詳細介紹的是這個港口區域有著得天獨厚的條件，具有一個多世紀的歷史和人文，中間歷經不同時期的發展，特別是最后由于演藝文化創意產業的興起促進了整個地區的發展。建筑改造得也恰如其分，保持了原有的格局，利用新的材料和技術。其他城市總是將一些港口空間改造成開放的市民設施，而這里建筑密度很大，雖然有一些吸引游客的行走項目，但是最新的開發沒有形成理想的開放公共空間，算是一種遺憾吧。鮑勃·卡爾：悉尼的城市面貌在新的時代背景下得到了很多優秀建筑師的參與。如今，我們要在這一系列名單中，自豪地添加上沃爾什灣開發項目，這個全新的城市建筑組群重新豐富了悉尼優美的濱水岸線。不同國籍的居民聚集在此工作和生活，證明了這個改造設計對增添濱水空間魅力的貢獻。沃爾什灣項目帶動了當地民眾對城市更新的熱情，并驗證了現代和傳統之間平衡可以通過適宜的保護設計來呈現。它和一些優秀的改造案例，如音樂學院、奧羅拉廣場、歌劇院碼頭、天使廣場等共同構成了澳大利亞步入21世紀的重要文化標識。

10 外景/Exterior view

Comments

HE Keren: This is a big urban regeneration project that intended to boost the underdeveloped harbor area by building housing and other infrastructure. The architects and engineers keep the original pattern for architecture and public spaces, adding the buildings along roads and build connecting bridges to the harbor to avoid separation. What the project texts do not mention in detail is that this harbor is an unique, historically rich area that has experienced various changes and development over a century, especially the initiation of the theatrical culture that started to bring up the development of the entire area. The architectural renovation is also quite appropriate by maintaining the original layout and utilising the new materials and technologies. Such harbor redevelopment in other big cities always tends to create a large public space for tourists and local residents. Although there are a few walking tours developed here in this project, the density of the project didn't allow for larger public spaces.

Bob Carr: This era of Sydney's evolving modern face has been blessed with really good advice and great collaborating designers. To this large list we proudly add the Walsh Bay development, another landmark by which a great waterfront will be redefined. Without this eager gathering of talent, this shrewd and intricate local enthusiasm, this hard-nosed and hard-fought love of this city, then our much acknowledged latter-day triumphs - the Conservatorium, Aurora Place, Opera Quays, Angel Place and the many other quiet miracles that powered the city at the turn of the millennium - would not have achieved for Sydney the unfeigned esteem it now enjoys and richly merits worldwide.