吳文勝



【摘要】 目的:探討系統性紅斑狼瘡(systemic lupus erythematosus,SLE)患者血管內皮細胞黏附分子-1(vascular endothelial cell adhesion molecules-1,VCAM-1)、可溶性細胞間黏附分子-1(soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1,sICAM-1)水平變化,分析其與SLE病情活動的相關性。方法:納入2017年6月-2019年6入住筆者所在醫院確診為SLE的患者60例,根據SLE疾病活指數(systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index,SLEDAI)分成SLE非活動組(n=22)與SLE活動組(n=38),同期健康體檢者30例為對照組。收集血白細胞計數(WBC)、中性粒細胞(NEUT)、淋巴細胞計數(LYMT)、血紅蛋白(HB)、血小板(PLT)、中性粒細胞/淋巴細胞比值(NLR)、血小板/淋巴細胞比值(PLR)、白蛋白(ALB)、球蛋白(GLB)、白蛋白/球蛋白比值(AGR)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、補體C3(C3)、補體C4(C4)、24 h尿蛋白定量(24 h UP)、C反應蛋白(CRP)、血沉(ESR),采用酶聯免疫吸附試驗檢測各組VCAM-1、sICAM-1水平。結果:活動組WBC、HB、PLT、NEUT、LYMT、ALB、AGR、C3、C4水平均低于非活動組及對照組,且非活動組均低于對照組,差異均有統計學意義(P<0.01);活動組NLR、PLR、GLB、ESR、CRP、IgG、24 h UP均高于非活動組及對照組,且非活動組均高于對照組,差異均有統計學意義(P<0.01),三組IgA、IgM比較差異無統計學意義(P>0.05)。活動組血清VCAM-1、sICAM-1水平均高于對照組及非活動組,且非活動組均高于對照組,差異均有統計學意義(P<0.01)。SLE患者血清VCAM-1、sICAM-1與SLEDAI、NLR、PLR、ESR、24 h UP均呈正相關,與AGR、C3呈負相關,差異均有統計學意義(P<0.05)。結論:SLE患者血清VCAM-1、sICAM-1水平明顯升高,且與SLE病情活動明顯相關。
【關鍵詞】 系統性紅斑狼瘡 血管內皮細胞黏附分子-1 可溶性細胞間黏附分子-1 疾病活動度 相關性 免疫球蛋白 血小板
[Abstract] Objective: To observe the levels of serum vascular endothelial cell adhesion molecules-1 (VCAM-1), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and analysis correlation between VCAM-1, sICAM-1 and the disease activity of the SLE. Method: From June 2017 to June 2019,60 patients with SLE diagnosed by the authors hospital were selected for the study. They were divided into non-active group (22 cases) and the active group (38 cases) according to the SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI). Another 30 patients with healthy physical in our hospital during the same period were selected as the control group.The blood cell count (WBC), neutrophil (NEUT), lymphocyte count (LYMT), hemoglobin (HB), platelet (PLT), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), albumin (ALB), globulin (GLB), albumin/globulin ratio (AGR), immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin M (IgM), complement C3 (C3), complement C4 (C4), 24-hour urinary protein quantification (24 h UP), C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation (ESR) were collected. The VCAM-1 and sICAM-1 levels of two groups were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Result: The levels of WBC, HB, PLT, NEUT, LYMT, ALB, AGR, C3, C4 in the active group were lower than those in the non-active group and the control group, and the levels in the non-active group were lower than those in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.01). The levels of NLR, PLR, GLB, ESR, CRP, IgG, 24 h UP in the active group were higher than those in non-active group and control group, and the non-active group was higher than the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.01), but there were no significant differences in IgA, IgM among the three groups (P>0.05). The levels of VCAM-1 and sICAM-1 in the active group were higher than those in the control group and the non-active group, and the non-active group was higher than the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.01). Serum VCAM-1, sICAM-1 was positively correlated with SLEDAI, NLR, PLR, ESR, 24 h UP and negatively correlated with AGR, C3 in patients with SLE, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: The levels of VCAM-1 and sICAM-1 in the patients with SLE are significantly increased, which closely related to the disease activity of SLE.
系統性紅斑狼瘡(systemic lupus erythematosus,SLE)好發于20~40歲女性,系多系統損害(可累及血液系統、腎臟、肌肉關節、漿膜腔、肺部、心血管、皮膚與黏膜、神經系統、消化系統)的慢性自身免疫性疾病,與免疫功能紊亂密切相關[1]。SLE發病機制尚不十分明確,認為與遺傳、環境因素、雌激素水平相關。有學者研究發現,細胞因子、黏附分子的高表達與SLE病情明顯相關[2],且正確評估SLE病情直接影響其遠期預后[3]。血管內皮細胞黏附分子-1(vascular endothelial cell adhesion molecules-1,VCAM-1)、可溶性細胞間黏附分子-1(soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1,sICAM-1)系兩種比較常見的黏附分子。陳麗等[4]研究發現,SLE患者血清VCAM-1、sICAM-1水平較正常對照組明顯升高,且活動期SLE患者較穩定期SLE患者明顯升高,提示VCAM-1、sICAM-1與SLE病情活動可能存在相關性。本課題組檢測SLE患者血清VCAM-1、sICAM-1水平,分析其與SLE活動性指標的關系,旨在探討VCAM-1、sICAM-1與SLE病情活動的相關性,具體如下。
1 資料與方法
1.1 一般資料
納入2017年6月-2019年6月入住筆者所在醫院確診為SLE的患者60例為試驗對象。SLE的診斷參照1997年美國風濕病學會(ACR)推薦的分類標準,即除外感染、腫瘤及其他結締組織病,存在以下11項中(頰部紅斑、光過敏、關節炎、盤狀紅斑、漿膜炎、口腔潰瘍、血液系統損害、免疫學異常、腎臟損害、抗核抗體滴度異常、神經病變)任意4項或4項以上,診斷SLE即成立[7]。根據SLEDAI(SLE疾病活指數)分成非活動組(SLEDAI≤9分)與活動組(SLEDAI>9分)[5-6]。非活動組22例,其中男4例,女18例,平均年齡(34.26±10.36)歲,平均病程(22.87±7.66)個月;SLEDAI平均值(5.83±1.89)分。活動組38例,其中男7例,女31例,平均年齡(35.07±11.28)歲,平均病程(24.06±8.22)個月;SLEDAI平均值(16.32±5.14)分。兩組一般資料比較差異無統計學意義(P>0.05)。且納入同期健康體檢者30例為對照組,其中男6例,女24例,平均年齡(34.72±10.56)歲。三組入組對象在年齡、性別等基線資料方面比較差異無統計學意義(P>0.05)。SLE患者及對照組排除標準:(1)合并其他風濕性疾病,如原發性血管炎、干燥綜合征、系統性硬化癥、特發性炎癥性肌病、類風濕關節炎等;(2)合并其他原發或繼發腎病;(3)近3個月內發生嚴重感染;(4)合并惡性腫瘤、嚴重血液系統疾病、肝腎功能損害;(5)長期服用類固醇激素、非甾體消炎藥。試驗對象均簽署知情同意書,并均經醫院醫學倫理委員會批準。
1.2 方法
1.2.1 臨床指標檢測 抽取空腹肘靜脈血,離心,采用XE2100全自動血液細胞分析儀檢測血白細胞計數(white blood cell count,WBC)、中性粒細胞(neutrophil,NEUT)、淋巴細胞計數(lymphocyte,LYMT)、血紅蛋白(hemoglobin,HB)、血小板(platelet,PLT)等指標,并計數中性粒細胞/淋巴細胞比值(neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio,NLR)、血小板/淋巴細胞比值(platelet/lymphocyte ratio,PLR);采用AU5800全自動化生化檢測儀檢測血清白蛋白(albumin,ALB)、球蛋白(globulin,GLB),計算白蛋白/球蛋白比值(albumin/globulin ratio,AGR);IMMAGE800免疫比濁儀檢測免疫球蛋白G(immunoglobulin G,IgG)、免疫球蛋白A(immunoglobulin A,IgA)、免疫球蛋白M(immunoglobulin M,IgM)、補體C3(alexin C3,C3)、補體C4(alexin C4,C4)、24 h尿蛋白定量(24-hour urinary protein quantity,24 h UP)、C反應蛋白(C-reaction protein,CRP)、血沉(erythrocyte sedimentation rate,ESR)。
1.2.2 血清VCAM-1、sICAM-1檢測 抽取空腹肘靜脈血5 ml,室溫靜置0.5 h,離心,留取上層血清至于凍存管中,-80 ℃冰箱保存;待標本收集完畢統一采用酶聯免疫吸附試驗檢測血清VCAM-1、sICAM-1水平,試劑盒由上海西塘科技有限公司提供,嚴格按照試劑盒說明書操作。
1.3 統計學處理
采用SPSS 20.0統計軟件處理分析,計量資料以(x±s)表示,采用F檢驗;計數資料以率(%)表示,采用字2檢驗,相關性分析則采用Pearson法,P<0.05為差異有統計學意義。
2 結果
2.1 三組臨床指標比較
活動組WBC、HB、PLT、NEUT、LYMT、ALB、AGR、C3、C4水平均低于非活動組及對照組,且非活動組均低于對照組,差異均有統計學意義(P<0.01);活動組NLR、PLR、GLB、ESR、CRP、IgG、24 h UP均高于非活動組及對照組,且非活動組均高于對照組,差異均有統計學意義(P<0.01),三組IgA、IgM比較差異無統計學意義(P>0.05),見表1。
2.2 三組血清VCAM-1、sICAM-1水平對比
活動組血清VCAM-1、sICAM-1水平均高于對照組及非活動組,且非活動組均高于對照組,差異均有統計學意義(P<0.01),見表2。