袁繼全 趙蘭君


【摘要】 目的:探討經肛標本取出術聯合腹腔鏡治療直腸癌的臨床效果及預后質量。方法:選取2018年10月30日-2019年4月1日筆者所在醫院收診的92例直腸癌患者,將其隨機分為觀察組(46例)與對照組(46例)。觀察組采用經肛標本取出術聯合腹腔鏡治療,對照組采用常規腹腔鏡手術治療,比較兩組排氣時間、下床活動時間、手術時間、疼痛評分、NE、E、Cor、并發癥發生率。結果:觀察組排氣時間(79.18±5.37)h、下床活動時間(61.72±9.53)h、手術時間(116.38±16.58)min、疼痛評分(1.06±0.24)分、NE(101.78±7.16)ng/ml、E(97.95±8.06)ng/ml、Cor(181.24±11.42)ng/ml、并發癥發生率4.35%,均優于對照組,差異有統計學意義(P<0.05)。結論:經肛標本取出術聯合腹腔鏡治療直腸癌,可提高患者預后質量與治療效果,值得推廣使用。
【關鍵詞】 預后 效果 經肛標本取出術 直腸癌 腹腔鏡 內鏡
[Abstract] Objective: To investigate the clinical effect and prognosis quality of rectal cancer treated by transanal specimen removal combined with laparoscopy. Method: A total of 92 patients with rectal cancer admitted in our hospital from October 30th, 2018 to April 1st, 2019 were selected. They were randomly divided into the observation group (46 cases) and the control group (46 cases). The observation group was treated with transanal specimen removal combined with laparoscopic surgery, while the control group was treated with conventional laparoscopic surgery. The exhaust time, time of getting out of bed, operation time, pain score, NE, E, Cor, and complication rate were compared between the two groups. Result: The exhaust time (79.18±5.37) h, time of getting out of bed (61.72±9.53) h, operation time (116.38±16.58) min, pain score (1.06±0.24) points, NE (101.78±7.16) ng/ml, E (97.95±8.06) ng/ml, Cor (181.24±11.42) ng/ml, and complication rate 4.35% were all better than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Transanal specimen removal combined with laparoscopy treatment for rectal cancer can improve the quality of prognosis and therapeutic effect of patients, which is worthy of popularization.
大腸癌是一種主要包括直腸癌與結腸癌的腫瘤科常見消化道惡性腫瘤,約占惡性腫瘤疾病總發病率的10%[1]。其中直腸癌發病率約占大腸癌疾病的65%,多指位于患者直腸乙狀結腸與齒狀線交界處腫瘤[2]。近幾年臨床治療直腸癌常應用腹腔鏡下直腸癌微創手術,可有效緩解患者疾病癥狀,但該術式易增加患者機體損傷,需在做5 cm手術切口的基礎上行腫瘤取出操作[3],與經肛標本取出術相比,創傷程度較高。為改善上述問題,現階段常采用經肛標本取出術聯合腹腔鏡方法作相應治療,可通過充分暴露患者病灶與直腸,精準縫合止血等方式提升其治療效果。本文為系統分析、研究經肛標本取出術聯合腹腔鏡在直腸癌治療中的應用價值,現報告如下。
1 資料與方法
1.1 一般資料
選取2018年10月30日-2019年4月1日筆者所在醫院收診的直腸癌患者,總計92例,納入標準:(1)精神正常、神志清楚,均符合直腸癌病況。(2)排除標準:(1)腫瘤遠側腸管存在放射性直腸炎、克羅恩病或潰瘍性結腸炎者。(2)行為障礙、言語障礙或視聽障礙者。將其隨機分為觀察組(46例)與對照組(46例)。觀察組男27例,女19例;年齡45~79歲,平均(63.25±6.17)歲。對照組男26例,女20例;年齡47~80歲,平均(63.51±6.21)歲。兩組一般資料比較,差異無統計學意義(P>0.05),有可比性。本研究經醫學倫理委員會批準,且患者已知情同意。
1.2 方法
1.2.1 對照組 常規腹腔鏡手術,具體方法如下:患者取頭低腳高截石位,全麻,腹腔鏡輔助下于患者恥骨與臍部上方作兩道切口,均為10 mm,用于主操作孔、觀察孔,再于患者左下腹、右下腹、右中腹作三道切口,均為5 mm,用于輔助操作孔。后需在超聲刀輔助下完全分離乙狀結腸與部分降結腸,在系膜淋巴結清掃的基礎上分離直腸與其系膜。最后于患者下腹部作一切口(5 cm)并切除腫瘤,再行切口縫合,在吻合器輔助下作相應消化道重建操作。