網(wǎng)葉馬鈴苣苔（苦苣苔科）的重新發(fā)現(xiàn)以及花的補(bǔ)充描述（英文）

張亞梅　郭世偉　陳文紅　稅玉民

Abstract：? Flower morphology is a key trait for sub-division and inter-species definition of genus Oreocharis. O. rhytidophyllaC. Y. Wu ex H. W. Li was last collected in 1956 and published in 1983， and the species has no relevant collection records for the next 60 years. Due to the lack of flower morphology， there are doubts in Flora of Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae， Plants of Gesneriaceae in Chinaand Flora of China. After years of follow-up investigation， Oreocharis rhytidophyllaC. Y. Wu ex H. W. Li was rediscovered in 2017 in its type locality. Due to the availability of the flowers during the rediscovery， we confirmed that the species should be considered as a natural species instead of doubtful one. The floral morphology of O. rhytidophyllaC. Y. Wu ex H. W. Li was supplemented based on the recent collections and photos. Its rediscovery provides an opportunity to explore its systematic position in the context of phylogeny in the future.

Key words： supplementary description， flower morphology， Oreocharis，Wuliangshan National Nature Reserve

CLC number：? Q949

Document code：? A

Article ID：? 1000-3142（2019）05-0569-05

摘 要：? 花部形態(tài)是馬鈴苣苔屬屬下劃分和種間界定的關(guān)鍵性狀，缺乏花器官的描述直接導(dǎo)致了一些存疑物種的存在。網(wǎng)葉馬鈴苣苔（Oreocharis rhytidophylla C. Y. Wu ex H. W. Li）自1956年最后被采集到并于1983年發(fā)表，由于沒有花的特征，在《中國植物志》《中國苦苣苔科植物》和Flora of China均存疑，但該種在隨后的60余年間再無相關(guān)的采集記錄。作者經(jīng)過多年的跟蹤調(diào)查，于2017年在其模式產(chǎn)地重新發(fā)現(xiàn)并采集了帶花的憑證標(biāo)本。該文作者根據(jù)已經(jīng)采集到的具花標(biāo)本，確定這個(gè)種是個(gè)自然種，并基于新收集到的材料，補(bǔ)充描述了花的形態(tài)特征。網(wǎng)葉馬鈴苣苔的重新發(fā)現(xiàn)，為探索其系統(tǒng)位置提供了重要的依據(jù)。

關(guān)鍵詞： 補(bǔ)充描述， 花形態(tài)， 網(wǎng)葉馬鈴苣苔屬， 無量山國家級(jí)自然保護(hù)區(qū)

1 Introduction

The classification systems for OreocharisBenth. were mainly based on flower morphological characters. The flower morphplogical characters of the genus are remarkably diverse and include the symmetry of corolla， the color of corolla， the shape of corolla， the number of stamens and staminodes （Wang et al.， 1990， 1998; Li & Wang， 2004）. In the genus， it is very common that species share similar flowers but totally different leaves or share similar leaves but completely different flowers （Wang et al.， 1990， 1998; Li & Wang， 2004）. For example， Oreocharis parvifloraLei Cai & Z. K. Wu is the most closely related toO. henryanaOliv. which shares flower morphology， but the leaves are completely different （Cai et al.， 2017）. O. purpurataB. Pan， M. Q. Han & Yan Liu is similar toO. pinnatilobata（K. Y. Pan） Mich. Mller & A. Weber in leaf， but different in flower morphology （Han et al.， 2017）.

2 Materials and Methods

Oreocharis rhytidophyllaC. Y. Wu ex H. W. Li had been doubtful in taxonomic treatment until the availability of its flowers in the field. The species was firstly described based on the type specimens without flowers and obviously diagnostic by the reticulate nerves on both sides of the rugose leaves （Li， 1983）. Subsequently， it was excluded in the Chinese list of the genus Oreocharisin the publications and mentioned with a brief note of the above gap of flower morphology （Pan， 1987; Wang et al.， 1990， 1998; Li & Wang， 2004）. We had been to the type locality many times and contacted the staff of Wuliangshan National Nature Reserve in order to find it in the field since 2008， but we did not find until 2017， we collected the specimens with flowers in our survey to the type locality （Jingdong County， Yunnan Province， China）. In the sight of the conservation， the species is very rare for its rediscovery after the last discovery in 1956 indicated by the specimen （P. Y. Qiu 53376） （Li， 1983）. Here， we supplementarily describe its floral characters and suggest to confirm its taxonomic position as a natural species in the expanded genus.

Oreocharis rhytidophylla C. Y. Wu ex H. W. Li in Bull. Bot. Res. 3（2）： 9， photo 5. 1983; K. Y. Pan in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 25（4）： 290. 1987.

Type CHINA. Yunnan： Jingdong County， Wuliangshan Mt.， Modaohe Village， the foot of Jiaoding mountain， 2 November 1956， P. Y. Qiu 53376 （ holotype， KUN0484429！; isotype， KUN0548908！， PE00030857-60！ ）.

3 Result and Analysis

3.1 Supplementary description of flowers

Inflorescences axillary， cymes 2-4， 2-4-branched， 4-16-flowered; peduncle densely long brown lanate， up to 14 cm; bracts 3， verticillate， 12-15 × 2.5-3 mm， aba-xially brown lanate， adaxial glabrous. Calyx 5-parted near to base， lobes equal， oblong-lanceolate， 10-12 × 1.1-1.2 mm， margin integrate， apex obtuse， adaxial glabrous， abaxial brown lanate. Corolla yellow， 3.5-3.7 cm long， glabrous; corolla tube cylindric， 2.7-3 cm long， 5-6 mm in diam.; adaxial lip 2-lobed， lobes equal， lobes oblong， 5-6 × 3.6-4 mm， apex round or obtuse， abaxial lip 3-lobed， lobes oblong， lobes nearly equal， 6-8 × 3-5 mm， apex round; stamens 4， included， adaxial anthers coherent in pair， abaxial anthers free， adaxial stamens 1.7-2 cm long， adnate to corolla tube 8-9 mm from base， abaxial stamens 1.6-1.8 cm long， adnate to corolla tube 1.4-1.5 cm from base; filaments white， slender， linear， densely glandular-pubescent; anthers oblong， 2-loculed， dehiscing broadwise; staminode 1， clavate， 0.5 mm long， adnate to abaxial side of corolla tube near base. Pistil 2.7-3.0 cm long， glandular pubescent; ovary linear with ridges， 1.7-1.8 cm long， glabrous; style 1-1.2 cm long; stigma 1， disciform， retuse. Disc ring-shaped， yellowish， 2-2.1 mm high， margin slightly undulate with 5 irregularly and shallow lobes.

3.2 Additional specimens examined

CHINA. Yunnan： Jingdong County， Lingjie Town， Modaohe Village， in broad-leaved forests， 24°24′57.17″ N， 100°38′19.26″ E， 2 331 m a. s. l.， in flowers， 30 August 2017， S. W. Guo. B2017-1083 （KUN?。? The same place， 2 200 m a.s.l.， 12 January， 1939， M. K. Li2936 （KUN 0208330！， KUN 075288！， KUN 075289！）.

3.3 Distribution， habitat and phenology

Oreocharis rhytidophylla C. Y. Wu ex H. W. Li（Li， 1983） is only known in South Yunnan and grows in evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest， on moist rocks or cliffs at an elevation of ca. 2 331 m. Flowering from August to September and fruiting from September to October.

4 Discussion

Oreocharis rhytidophyllaC. Y. Wu ex H. W. Li is similar to O. benthamia var. reticulata Dunn in netted venation of leaves， but it differs from the latter by its adaxial surface strongly bullate （Pan， 1987; Wang et al.， 1990， 1998; Li & Wang ， 2004）. It is also similar to O. hirsutaBarnett and O. yunnanensisRossini & J. Freitas in the corolla characters， but it differs from the latters by its anthers coherent in pairs and abaxial anthers free （Tan et al.， 2013; Rossini & Freitas， 2014）. It is also similar to O. hekouensis（Y. M. Shui & W. H. Chen） Mich. Miller & A. Weber in the elliptic leaf blade， but it differs from the latter in its obvious reticulate abaxial leaf surface （Chen & Shui， 2006; Mller et al.， 2011）.

Acknowledgement We thank Managing Bureau of Jingdong Wuliangshan National Nature Reserve for supporting our work in the field.

References：

CAI L， HUANG H， DAO ZL， et al.， 2017. Oreocharis parvi-flora， a new species of Gesneriaceae from northwestern Yunnan， China[J]. Phytotaxa， 329（2）： 167-172.

CHEN WH， SHUI YM， 2006.Ancylostemon hekouensis（Gesneriaceae）， a new species from Yunnan， China[J]. Ann Bot Fenn， 43： 448-450.

HAN MQ， PAN B， ZOU LL， et al.， 2017. Oreocharis purpurata， a new species of Gesneriaceae from Hunan， China[J]. Phytotaxa， 328（2）： 183-188.

LI HW， 1983. Notulae De Gesneraceis Yunnanensibus[J]. Bull Bot Res， 3（2）： 1-55.

LI ZY， WANG YZ， 2004. OreocharisBenth. [M]// Plants of Gesneriaceae in China. Zhengzhou： Henan Science & Technology Publish House： 14-47.

MELLER M， MIDDLETON D， NISHII K， et al.， 2011. A new delineation for Oreocharisincorporating an additional ten genera of Chinese Gesneriaceae[J]. Phytotaxa， 23： 1-36.

PAN KY， 1987. Taxonomy of the genus Oreocharis（Gesneria-ceae） [J]. Acta Phytotax Sin， 25： 264-293.

ROSSINI J， FREITAS J， 2014. Oreocharis yunnanensis， a new name for the illegitimate Oreocharis glandulosa（Gesneria-ceae） from China[J]. Phytotaxa， 163 （3）： 180-180.

TAN YH， LI JW， PAN B， et al.， 2013. Oreocharis glandulosa， a new species of Gesneriaceae from southern Yunnan， China[J]. Phytotaxa， 131， 29-34.

WANG WT， PAN KY， LI ZY， 1990. Gesneriaceae [M]// WANG WT. Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae. Beijing： Science Press， 69： 190-203.

WANG WT， PAN KY， LI ZY，et al.， 1998. Gesneriaceae [M]//WU ZY， RAVEN PH. Flora of China. Beijing： Science Press; St. Louis： Missouri Bot Garden， 18： 268-272.