周冉冉
【摘 要】 目的:分析急診ICU病房心肌梗死中年患者的心理情況,并制定相應護理對策。方法:本次選擇2018年1月-2019年1月我院急診ICU收治心肌梗死中年患者90例為研究對象,以問卷調查形式探究患者心理情況,并輔以優質護理干預,對比患者護理前后心態變化及生存質量相應評分。結果:經護理干預后,不良心態患者比率明顯下降(p<0.05)。護理后患者生理評分(50.38±2.11)、心理評分(52.14±1.32)、社會評分(49.29±0.24)均明顯高于護理前(p<0.05)。結論:急診ICU心肌梗死中年患者易出現負面情緒,應輔以護理干預,幫助患者調整好心態,提高生存質量。
【關鍵詞】 急診ICU;中年;心肌梗死;心理問題;護理對策
【中圖分類號】R840.5
【文獻標志碼】A
【文章編號】1005-0019(2019)18-024-01
Abstract Objective:? To analyze the psychological status of middle-aged patients with myocardial infarction in emergency ICU ward and formulate corresponding nursing countermeasures.Methods:? In this study, 90 middle-aged patients with myocardial infarction in emergency ICU of our hospital from January 2018 to January 2019 were selected as the research objects. The psychological status of the patients was explored by questionnaire survey, supplemented by high-quality nursing intervention, and the corresponding scores of psychological changes and quality of life before and after nursing were compared.Results:? After nursing intervention, the proportion of patients with bad mentality decreased significantly (p<0.05). After nursing, the patients' physiological scores (50.38±2.11), psychological scores (52.14±1.32), and social scores (49.29±0.24) were significantly higher than those before nursing (p<0.05).Conclusion:? Middle-aged patients with myocardial infarction in emergency ICU are prone to negative emotions, and should be supplemented with nursing intervention to help patients adjust their mentality and improve their quality of life.
Key words:Emergency ICU; Middle-aged; Myocardial infarction; Psychological problems; Nursing strategies
本文以2018.1-2019.1我院急診ICU收治90例中年心肌梗死患者為例,探究心肌梗死患者心理問題及護理對策,具體如下。
1 資料與方法
1.1 一般資料
本次選擇2018年1月-2019年1月我院急診ICU收治心肌梗死中年患者90例為研究對象,包括男性48例,女性42例,患者最小年齡40歲,最大年齡59歲,平均年齡(46.1±0.2)歲,入院時間短則48h,長則120h,平均時間(80.3±1.2)h。
1.2 方法
(1)知識宣教。多數患者因對疾病不了解,易產生恐懼、緊張等情緒,護理者需對患者進行知識宣教,幫助患者認知疾病、了解疾病,消除恐懼,宣教過程中注意溝通的方式與方法,保持態度和善、語言通俗易懂,耐心解答患者提出的各項疑問,同時關注患者情緒變化,及時輔以心理干預,助其調整心態,提高依從性;(2)環境干預。患者在進入重癥監護病房后,面對復雜的醫療設備很容易出現抵觸、恐懼等情緒,護理者需為患者詳細介紹各器材的用途,另外確保監護病房內環境整潔,衛生,溫度、濕度適宜,床單干凈無褶皺[2]。另外,注意自身的儀表與話語,不可在患者床邊探討病情,避免患者過度猜忌。(3)合理安排護理流程。除特殊急救外,各項檢查護理工作需合理安排時間,盡量將治療時間集中在白天,避免無計劃、繁瑣重復的檢查影響患者修養。實施護理服務過程中應保證動作專業、輕柔,使患者安心。另外爭取患者家屬的配合,糾正家屬對ICU病房的錯誤認知。
1.3 觀察指標
通過調查問卷分析患者的心理問題,同時自制調查表評估患者護理前后生存評分,包括項目有:生理評分、心理評分、社會評分三項,各項總分均為100分,分值越高,患者生存質量越佳。
1.4 統計學分析