潘小知
《英語課程標準》提出應該從“語言能力、文化品格、思維品質、學習能力”這四個方面來培養學生的英語“核心素養”。所以,筆者希望通過“核心素養”的四個方面來對文本的進行全面解讀從而培養具有“核心素養”的學生。以下,筆者將以人教版必修三Unit 3“Computer”的reading部分進行解讀。
這篇課文是一篇說明文,難度適中,文章框架結構較為清晰,但是比較枯燥無味。學生可能不是很感興趣,所以這次閱讀教學,作者嘗試著打破傳統閱讀教學模式從文本解讀的角度來剖析文章。為了調動學生的參與性,作者從計算機第一人稱的角度帶領學生來了解我(計算機)的發展歷程。
新課標提出,要使得學生有預測文本和概括文章大意的要求,所以在開篇作者用文章的標題提出一個“Who Am I”的問題,讓學生對標題進行一個事先的猜想,在此過程中鍛煉學生的文本猜測能力,而這篇課文有意思的的地方在于標題的設置,它既能引起學生的閱讀興趣,又是文章的發展主線。所以,在接下來的閱讀中,作者以時間為主線,圍繞“Who Am I”主題,采用信息提取的方法,設置一系列的閱讀問題,讓學生了解不同時期“我”的變化和發展。
總之,解讀文本是英語課堂教學的基礎,只有全面解讀了文本,教師才能根據實際情況因材施教,才能更好地構建更高效的課堂教學,才能真正讓學生成為學習的主體,從而實現培養具有核心素養的學生的這一最終目標。
以下,筆者將以人教版必修二Unit 2“Computers”的reading部分Who Am I為例進行解讀。
Teaching procedures 教學過程
Step 1. Lead-in (導入who am I?)
Show pictures and use “Who am I” to make a question and do a brief introduction to arouse students interest.
Purpose:Use “Who am I” to make a question and do a brief introduction to arouse students interest. (通過圖片導入,以第一人稱詢問學生我是誰,進行熱身,調動學生的好奇心,激發學生的學習興趣,為進入課文學習做好鋪墊。)
Step2. Reading(文本解讀)
Task1: Who am I?
Let students read Part1 and finish the tasks.1. Who am I ? 2. What could I do?
During this period , show students some pictures of computers in different periods and let them find how the size changed?Why did I change from big to small?
Purpose:Read the first part and know the development of computer. Meanwhile , I show students some pictures and let them compare the difference in size to prepare for the changes of memory in the next part. ( 閱讀第一段文章,了解計算機的發展史。通過圖片讓學生進行對比計算機體型的變化,為下一段計算機存儲方式進行預設和鋪墊。)
Task2. Where was I stored?
Read part2 and find the answer.
Since my size is being smaller and my memory is becoming stronger, why I felt lonely?
Purpose:Read the second part and get some information about the store ways to get some details about the size and memory. In addition, let them know a little about the connection between the paragraphs. ( 閱讀第二段文章,了解計算機的存儲器情況。通過對比存儲器大小和容量大小,體會計算機的發展。提問為何計算機變得強大,卻變得孤獨,因為計算機需要朋友交流,為下段計算機的多用途作鋪墊。)
Task3. A devoted friend
Read part3 and find the new application
Purpose:let students know the further functions of ?the computer and the feeling of the computer to prepare for the moral goal. ( 了解計算機的用途,思考為何我現在變的快樂。讓學生學會分析情感的變化,為讀后情感的提升做鋪墊。)
Step3. Post-reading(文本深度解讀)
Task4. Analyze the structure of the passage.
Purpose: learn to analyze the passage structure and know some information about an exposition and how to write an exposition. ( 對文本進行深度解讀,讓學生理清文章的寫作線索,寫作手法和篇章結構等。學習分析說明文的寫作手法。)
Step4 Assignment
Keep away from the computer and spend more time accompanying your parents and studying.
Purpose:use the computer properly and dont be addicted to the computer games. They should spend more time on study and accompanying their parents. ( 恰當使用電腦,不要沉迷電腦游戲,多花時間陪伴父母和學習。)