英文摘要

PracticeofDrillingCuttingResourcesUtilizationinFulingShaleGasField(1)

Mei Xudong1，2Wang Chaoqiang1，2Xu Fenglin1，2Wang Dan1，2

Zhang Chun1，2Zhang Silan1，2Xiong Deming1，2Liu Pu1，2

(1.ChongqingFulingShaleGasEnvironmentalProtectionResearchandTechnicalServiceCenter; 2.ChongqingShaleGasDevelopmentandEnvironmentalProtectionEngineeringTechnologyResearchCenter)

ABSTRACTSecondary pollution risks and large area problems caused by solid waste landfill disposal of drilling cuttings in the early development period of Fuling Shale Gas Field were summarized， in order to solve them， an integrated resource utilization of shale gas drilling cuttings was explored with local conditions. Water-based cuttings while drilling pretreatment technology and oil-based cuttings thermal desorption technology was analyzed. Combined with the physical and chemical properties of the drilling cuttings， roadbed materials， brick making and cement kiln co-processing for water-based cuttings， ash slag concrete， brick making and cement kiln co-processing for oil-based cuttings were explored and practiced. Based on the principle of environmental safety， stable and reliable technology， large amount of consumption， the resource-based solution for drilling cuttings in the Fuling Shale Gas Field was finally formed. Water-based cuttings “pretreatment while drilling + co-processing with cement kiln” and “oil-based cuttings thermal desorption + co-disposal with cement kiln” realize the comprehensive utilization of drilling cuttings resources.

KEYWORDSFuling; shale gas; water-based cuttings; oil-based cuttings; resource utilization

AccountingofLifeCycleWaterinSouthSichuanShaleGasBlock(6)

Gui Yuru1，2，3Jia Wanling1，2，3Zeng Yong1，2，3

(1.SchoolofChemicalEngineeringandEnvironment，ChinaUniversityofPetroleum(Beijing); 2.StateKeyLaboratoryofHeavyOilProcessing; 3.BeijingKeyLaboratoryofOil&GasPollutionControl)

ABSTRACTThe shale gas block in the South Sichuan Province was selected as the research object. The process life cycle assessment (PLCA) and economic input-output life cycle assessment method (EIO-LCA) were used to calculate the direct and indirect water consumption of the shale gas extraction life cycle， with the comparison of the water consumption in US Marcellus Block. The results showed that the average direct water consumption in South Sichuan block is 22 928 m3per well， much higher than that of Marcellus， 15 320 m3per well. The difference in direct water consumption is mainly due to the fracturing capacity and reservoir-forming conditions. The average indirect water consumption in South Sichuan block is 25 098 m3per well， which exceeds the direct water consumption and is about 3 times as much as that of Marcellus. The difference in indirect water consumption is related to the material， energy consumption and the water efficiency of the whole industry. The results showed that besides resource endowment， the future directions of water saving were mainly to improve fracturing fluid reuse rate， reduce material and energy consumption， and improve water use efficiency in various industries.

KEYWORDSshale gas; life cycle; water use; process life cycle assessment; methods of input-output life cycle approach

StudyonTreatmentMethodsofProducedWaterfortheShaleGasProductionPromotion(11)

Wan Shuyu1Li Hui2Liu Shi3Hu Heng4Qin Liu2Zhou Jun2Xu Jilin2Shen Xurui2

(1.CNPCChuanqingDrillingEngineeringCo.，Ltd.WestSichuanDrillingCompany; 2.CNPCChuanqingDrillingEngineeringCo.，Ltd.SafetyandEnvironmentalQualitySupervisionandInspectionInstitute; 3.CNPCChuanqingDrillingEngineeringCo.，Ltd.Quality，SafetyandEnvironmentalProtectionDepartment; 4.CNPCChuanqingDrillingEngineeringCo.，Ltd.DrillingEngineeringTechnologyResearchInstitute)

ABSTRACTIn view of the fact that bubble drainage is easy to foam and difficult to be desalted by steady evaporation， pilot-scale tests of two different types of bubble drainage from wells stations were conducted to continuously monitor the quality of treated water and evaporated water from each process unit. The results showed that: after a series of steps， such as demulsification， coagulation， catalytic oxidation， charge neutralization and removing hardness， the bubble drainage can be completely eliminated. The effluent quality of the two kinds of foam drainage evaporated water was stable after 7 d of pilot operation， COD concentration was less than 55 mg/L， NH4+-N concentration was less than 18 mg/L， meeting the first-class standard of “TheComprehensiveWastewaterDischargeStandard” (GB 8978—1996); Cl-concentration was less than 21 mg/L， meeting the requirements of “SichuanWaterPollutantDischargeStandard” (DB 51/190—1993).

KEYWORDSshale gas production promotion produced water; foaming property; multi-effect evaporation; pilot-scale test

ExperimentalInvestigationontheSubmergingCharacteristicsoftheSpilledOilatSea(16)

Yan Zhiyu Ren Jie Fu Hongrui Sun Bing

(SchoolofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering，DalianMaritimeUniversity)

ABSTRACTThe submerging characteristics of spilled oil at sea under the action of waves and dispersants were studied， which leads to the key to predict the fate and hazards. Due to the fact that the combined effects of multiple factors and multiple sub-processes in water during the submerging are unclear， the article used a baffled flask to simulate waves and its behavioral characteristics were investigated. The results showed that the wave type has the greatest influence on the submerging rate and submerging stability， and the difference between the oil dip rate under breaking wave and regular wave can reach 79.8%; with the increase of dispersant content， the submerging rate has the maximum， and the submerging stability dose not; the refloating process weakens that of submerging， especially with the dispersants in the oil. It can be concluded that the wave increased the amount of submerged oil due to the entrainment and breaking effects on the floating oil， and the dispersant enhanced the submerging stability of it; the dispersant needs to be coupled with the breaking wave to exert the submersible effect; it is the refloating process that make the dispersion effect decline over time. The results of this experiment can provide theoretical basis and experimental data for the prediction of the oil spill submerge process.

KEYWORDSoil spill; submerging characteristics; breaking wave; dispersant

ResearchontheEnvironmentalRiskManagementandControlPlaninClassΙEnvironmentalRiskPipelineEnterprises(20)

Xu Li Liu Kai Shi Shengping

(Quality，SafetyandEnvironmentalProtectionDepartmentofCNPCSouthwestPipelineCompany)

ABSTRACTSouthwest Pipeline Company actively implements Xi Jinping’s ecological civilization thought， closely links with the main line of ecological civilization construction. Adheres to the “dedicated energy and create harmony” business purpose in China National Petroleum Corporation. Taking “the first level environmental risk enterprises” as an opportunity to highlight the management and control for the whole process environmental risk， 1 opinion， 5 plans， and 18 specific measures were obtained， marked as the “1+5+18” environmental management system， which was used for the guidance plan and implementation standard of the company’s environmental management. This article analyzed the design goals and logical relationship of the environmental risk management and control plan， also， the content of it was illustrated， which laid the institutional foundation for the ecological and environmental protection work in the company.

KEYWORDSpipeline enterprise; Class Ι environmental risk; management and control plan; system

TheH2SRemovalfromOilfieldSimulateProducedWater(23)

Gou Xiaotao Zuo Zhenjun Yang Jing Zhang Yipeng

(Quality，SafetyandEnvironmentalProtectionInspectionOfficeofCNPCChangqingOilfieldCompany)

ABSTRACTThe oilfield produced water needs to be used as formation reinjection water after the H2S removal. Due to the particularity of oil and gas production， the commonly used methods for the H2S removal are useless， so it is necessary to explore the suitable water treatment method for oil and gas production. This paper discussed various methods that can be used to remove H2S from oilfield water， the advantages and disadvantages of the methods were compared， a water treatment method that uses sodium hypochlorite as the main desulfurizer was selected. Through the laboratory tests of simulated produced water， it was proved that the hypochlorite method can remove H2S from produced water quickly and effectively， the H2S residue less than 1 mg/L can be gained. The experimental results showed that the quality of the treated water can meet “WaterQualityStandardandPracticeforAnalysisofOilfieldInjectingWatersinClasticReservoir” (SY/T 5329—2012)， moreover， the treatment cost is lower than other methods.

KEYWORDSoilfield; produced water; H2S; hypochlorite; desulfurization

EvaluationoftheOperationEffectfortheOptimi-zedGasFieldProducedWaterTreatmentSystem(28)

Suo Huibin Lu Xia Wang Hudan Yao ChengxiangYang Guochao Yang Xiaobing

(ChangqingOilfieldChangbeiOperatingCompany，CNPC)

ABSTRACTDuring the processing of the production water treatment system in Changbei Natural Gas Treatment Plant， the produced water with the higher oil content and suspended objects may lead to the re-injection water higher oil content and suspended objects problems， failure of reinjection pump occurs frequently， and reinjection pressure is too high to run. The reasons for the deterioration of water quality was analyzed， the current water treatment system was optimized by the improvement of the injection corrosion inhibitor methods and the dosing procedure formulation， new equipment and the new process was introduced to promote the effect of production water treatment， at last， the oil content and suspended objects of the re-injection can meet “WaterQualityStandardandPracticeforAnalysisofOilfieldInjectingWatersinClasticReservoir” (SY/T 5329—2012).

KEYWORDSwater emulsified; gas field; treatment of produced water; chemicals injection rules; high efficiency swirl separator; effect evaluation

SelectionofCorrosionInhibitorsforNaturalGasTransportationPipelineswithHighContentofCO2(32)

Zhang Yu

(PipelineEngineeringConstructionProjectManagerDepartmentofCNPCPipelineCompany)

ABSTRACTThe content of CO2in different gas reservoirs ranges from 10% to 98%， the CO2corrosion is extremely severe under different temperature and pressure conditions. This paper focused on the corrosion problem of the high CO2content natural gas transportation pipelines， the selection of corrosion inhibitors was carried out， the research and experiment of CO2corrosion law， the influence of environmental temperature evaluation， CO2partial pressure and flow rate on corrosion law were investigated. In combination with the material of pipes， the influencing factors of corrosion inhibitors were considered for the selection and evaluation of different corrosion inhibitors. Under high temperature and high pressure experiments， high corrosion inhibition efficiency was obtained both in gas phase and liquid phase of pipeline condensate medium， the corrosion inhibition efficiency is 90.53% and 92.64% respectively. By designing the on-site dosing process and system， detection and evaluation of the slow release effect and corrosion of corrosion inhibitor， CO2corrosion during pipeline transportation can be prevented， resulting in the well control of the long-distance pipelines internal corrosion.

KEYWORDShigh CO2content; natural gas; corrosion

OperationStatusandImprovementofSewageTreatmentSysteminCainanOilfield(34)

Liu Jianchao

(XinjiangPetroleumEngineeringCo.，Ltd，DesignBranch)

ABSTRACTIn view of the current problem that the oily and suspended solids of purified water in the Cainan Oilfield cannot meet the re-injection standard “WaterInjectionWaterQualityStandardofCainanOilfield”(Q/SY XJ0039—2001)， the current status of the sewage treatment system was investigated. In this paper， the targeted analysis and research on the problems of water， water quality and main equipment in the sewage station have been carried out， and suggestions for future improvement are proposed: it is recommended to use the two-stage filtration and new filter materials， with accurately monitoring the pre-filter water quality to ensure the incoming water quality meets the design requirements; strengthen maintenance management， backwashing regularly; it is also recommended to combine the centrifugal dewatering technology of sludge in Xinjiang Oilfield， and carry out indoor chemical screening， which can provide a basis for the sludge reduction design work.

KEYWORDSoilfield sewage; treatment plant; existing problems; improvement

CurrentStatusandProspectsofLeakageDetectionTechnologyinPetroleumandPetrochemicalEnterprises(37)

Zhang Jingyu1，2Sun Bingcai1Feng Xing1，2Cao Hangbo3Zhou Yujie4

(1.CNPCResearchInstituteofSafety&EnvironmentTechnology; 2.ChinaUniversityofPetroleum(Beijing); 3.TheNo.4OilProductionPlant，CNPCChangqingOilfieldCompany; 4.CNPCLanzhouPetrochemicalCompany)

ABSTRACTThere are various equipment in petroleum and petrochemical stations， and it is easy to cause safety accidents due to the volatile medium leakage. At present， the fixed detection equipment， including the point type and line type， show some shortcomings at the station， such as delayed response of leakage detection and difficulty in locating leakage point and etc. The manual inspection work of portable detection equipment is heavy. This paper analyzed the active infrared imaging detection technology， infrared thermal imaging technology， infrared multispectral technology and infrared hyperspectral technology. Results showed that the infrared imaging detection technology has obvious advantages in leak detection， with video imaging， rapid response， accurate positioning， and continuous monitoring and so on. It is expected to be popular in the petroleum and petrochemical industry in the detection of media leakage.

KEYWORDStraditional leak detection technology; active infrared imaging; infrared thermal imaging; infrared spectral imaging

DesignandApplicationofHealthManagementInformationPlatformforOverseasEmployeeBasedon“Internet+”(41)

Mao Hui1Li Jincheng1Li Wei2Wu Shuncheng1Wang Shunyi1

(1.CNPCResearchInstituteofSafety&EnvironmentTechnology; 2.ChinaNationalOilandGasExplorationandDevelopmentCompanyLtd.)

ABSTRACTAt present， there are some shortcomings in domestic health management. Such as narrow sources of health information collection， low utilization efficiency of health indicators， inconsistency between the level of information and functions during users and social development. This paper designed and developed an “Internet+” mobile overseas oilfield employee health management information platform， which makes health management more efficient， streamlined and standardized through the use of Internet technology. The employee’s pre-existing health check-up， pre-employment health assessment and post-transition health monitoring online management and control of the whole business process were realized use this system. At the same time， the system automatically collected the medical report and formed the employee’s complete health record which promoted the employee health management. The system provided a comprehensive data decision basis for the optimization of physical examination packages of overseas oilfield employees， also， key diseases， and health assessment for overseas travel can be prevented and controlled.

KEYWORDSoverseas oilfields; health management; information platform; internet +

PreventionandControlMeasuresofOilSpillRiskfortheOilWharfs(45)

Zhang Cong Yuan Xiaojuan

(CNOOCEnvironmentalProtectionService(Tianjin)Co.，Ltd.)

ABSTRACTThe four main risks of oil spill incident on oil wharfs are wharf， oil tank， transport ship and oil pipeline. Based on the investigation of related laws， regulations， standards and specifications， some pointed measures are put forward to prevent and control different types of oil spill. The key points that oil terminals should be pay attention to in the supervision of oil spill risk on oil wharf are clarified in the paper. The results could provide a foundation for oil wharfs to self-check oil spill risk prevention and control measures.

KEYWORDSoil wharf; oil spill risk; prevention and control measures

RectificationandPreventionofOilandGasPipelineSystemAuditProblems(49)

Liu Kai Tang Yu Zhang Zhijian Men Liguo

(CNPCSouthwestPipelineCompany)

ABSTRACTBased on the analysis of the system audit work of a pipeline company in the past three years， it is showed that the problems of the oil and gas pipeline system mainly focus on six aspects: equipment and facilities， emergency management， risk management， on-site management， capacity training and visual management， particularly， the safety issues of equipment and facilities are the most prominent， it is found that the problems in design， construction and operation management are the main reasons for the on-site equipment and facilities issues. The pipeline company should establish the management concept of the whole life cycle of the pipeline， cooperate with the design and construction units to check at all levels， so as to achieve the rectification and prevention of the whole oil and gas pipeline system problems. In addition， pipeline companies are obliged to assume responsibility and responsibility to actively promote the information construction and explore the construction of intelligent pipelines.

KEYWORDSoil and gas pipeline; system; audit; rectification; prevention and control

DiscussiononRiskManagementandControlMeasuresforConstructionFireofLightHydrocarbonRecoveryUnitduringMajorRepair(52)

Liu Qingyu

(Quality，SafetyandEnvironmentalProtectionDepartment，CNPCDagangOilfieldCompany)

ABSTRACTAiming at the fact that most fire and explosion accidents of light hydrocarbon recovery units occurred in the maintenance and repair stage， by combining with the production practice， it is proposed to adopt the construction procedure confirmation system before starting fire， strictly control of the high risk position， and avoid the “three-dimensional cross” fire operation， put an end to empiricism and fluky psychology， so as to avoid fire explosion accidents in the fire operations to the greatest extent. This paper introduced the medium characteristics and main processes of light hydrocarbon recovery unit， analyzed the basic flow of overhaul and fire risk， and proposed the practice management for the control of construction fire safety risk.

KEYWORDSlight hydrocarbon recovery; equipment overhaul period; construction fire; risk; control measures

FactorsAnalysisandCountermeasuresoftheNaturalGasRecycledInjectionWellinVolatileOilReservoirs(54)

Li Zhongchao Wang Xinmin Cheng Fenglian Zhu LimingFan Jizong

(ExplorationandDevelopmentResearchInstituteofZhongyuanOilfieldBranch，ChinaPetroleum&ChemicalCorporation)

ABSTRACTThis paper clarified the key factors of safe and environmental-friendly natural gas recycled injection well control in volatile oil reservoirs. The reinjection capacity of low permeability volatile reservoirs was quantified. The safe pressure distribution of each node at the injection port was determined， and the conquered pertinent process equipment， achieving safe and effective injection with the relevant supporting process equipment. The change rule of the crude oil and natural gas properties after gas injection was analyzed by laboratory experiments and PVT phase behavior fitting. The parameters was improved by numerical simulation of immiscible flooding. The distribution of the pressure field was determined accurately by compositional numerical simulation with artificial fractures， which can also reduce the hidden danger of imprecise measurement and monitoring. It showed the influence factors of the gas-channeling and the optimized injection and production parameters， suppressing gas channeling in oil wells， reducing the production risk， and finally achieving the efficient development of natural gas flooding under the control safety well condition.

KEYWORDSvolatile oil reservoirs; natural gas recycled injection; influence factors; injection and production parameters; gas-channeling