巧用修辭手法，助力細節(jié)描寫

余愛香

在續(xù)寫中若能適當(dāng)運用比喻、擬人、夸張、排比等修辭手法進行細節(jié)描寫，將能加強文章的表現(xiàn)力和感染力。在平時學(xué)習(xí)中，掌握修辭手法并學(xué)會靈活運用是提高讀后續(xù)寫的關(guān)鍵。

高中階段常用的英語修辭手法有：明喻、暗喻、擬人、夸張、排比等。本期我們將學(xué)習(xí)修辭手法之明喻。

一、明喻（simile）

常用like， as， as...as， as if，as though，seem或用其他詞語指出兩個不同事物的相似之處。基本格式是：本體+比喻詞+喻體。例如：The USA is like a big melting pot where immigrants of different cultures or races form an integrated society. 其中，The USA是本體，喻體是melting pot， 比喻詞是like， 喻體和本體的相似之處都是擁有“包容”的特點。

二、賞析課文經(jīng)典句子

1. Our legs were so heavy and cold that they felt like blocks of ice.（選自M1U3）

句意：我們的腿又重又冷，感覺像是冰塊。

分析：該句中把腿比喻成為冰塊，生動形象地描述出腿的沉重和寒冷以及走路的艱辛。

2. The lakes shone like glass in the setting sun and looked wonderful.（選自M1U3）

句意：湖水在落日的陽光下像玻璃一樣閃耀，看起來棒極了。

分析：該句中把湖水比喻為玻璃，描寫出了湖水的清澈和平靜以及它的美。

3. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves.（選自M1U4）

句意：磚塊像紅色的秋葉一樣覆蓋著地面。

分析：該句中把磚塊比喻成紅色秋葉，描寫出了磚塊的顏色。

4. Why， look at him. He eats like a wolf.（選自M3U3）

句意：為什么，看看他！他吃得像只狼。

分析：該句中把“他”比喻為狼，生動形象地描寫出了“他”此刻的饑腸轆轆。

5. The country， covered with cherry tree flowers， looks as though it is covered with pink snow.（選自M3U1）

句意：這個國家，覆蓋著櫻花，看起來好像被粉紅色的雪覆蓋著。

分析：該句中把cherry tree flowers比喻為pink snow，描寫出了櫻花的美。

6. Long ago Dr Yuan had a dream about rice plants as tall as sorghum. Each ear of rice was as big as an ear of corn and each grain of rice was as huge as a peanut.（選自M4U2）

句意：很久以前，袁博士曾夢想過像高粱一樣高的水稻植物。每株稻谷的穗像玉米的穗一樣大;每粒稻谷像每粒花生一樣大。

分析：把rice plants比喻為sorghum， 把稻穗比喻為玉米穗，把稻谷比喻為花生，生動形象地表達了想象的美好。

7. Charlie first picks out the laces and eats them as if they were spaghetti.（選自M4U3）

句意：查理先挑出鞋帶，然后吃它們，好像它們是意大利面一樣。

分析：把鞋帶比喻為意大利面，生動形象地刻畫出查理的滑稽可笑。

8. Then he cuts off the leather top of the shoe as if it were the finest steak.（選自M4U3）

句意：然后，他切斷了鞋的皮革頂部，仿佛它是最好的牛排。

分析：把皮革比喻為牛排，生動形象地刻畫出查理的滑稽可笑。

三、小牛試刀

請用明喻修辭手法改寫下列句子。

1. 湖水非常藍。The lakes are very blue.（look like）

湖水很藍，看起來像藍絲帶。

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2. 夜晚，天空寒冷而晴朗，星星看起來棒極了。

At night the skies are cold and clear， and the stars look wonderful.（shine like）

夜晚，天空寒冷而晴朗，星星像鉆石一樣閃耀。

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3. 漓江的水真綠啊！

The water of the Li River is really green.

漓江的水真綠啊！綠得仿佛那是一塊無瑕的翡翠。（as if/though）

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4. 他騎得很快。

He rode very fast.

他騎得很快，像一匹脫韁的野馬。（like）

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5. 男孩看到面前如此多的人，非常緊張。

When seeing so many people in front of him， the boy felt awfully nervous.

男孩看到面前如此多的人， 心提到嗓子眼兒上來， 渾身緊張得就像拉滿了弓的弦一樣。（like， as...as...）

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6. 爸爸非常生氣。

My father seemed quite angry.

爸爸紅著眼睛，像一頭生氣的豹子。（like）

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7. 志愿者的微笑讓老人倍感溫暖。

The volunteers smile made the old feel very warm.

志愿者們的笑容讓老人感覺像冬天里的陽光一樣溫暖。（as ... as ... ）

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8. 青少年是祖國的希望。

Teenagers are the hope of the motherland.

青少年宛如初升的太陽，是祖國的希望。

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參考答案：

1. The lakes are so blue that they look like blue silk.

2. At night the skies are cold and clear， and the stars shine like the diamonds.

3. The water of the Li River is really green as if it were a piece of flawless jade.

4. He rode very fast， like a runaway horse without bridle.

5. When seeing so many people in front of him， the boys heart was like in his throat， and he was as tense as the strings of a bow.

6. My father had red eyes， like an angry leopard.

7. The volunteers smile made the old feel as warm as the sunlight in winter.

8. Teenagers who are like the rising sun， are the hope of the motherland.

責(zé)任編輯 蔣小青