胡燦英
摘 要:高中英語課文語言點的教學是教師很長時間以來感到比較棘手的課題之一,所以創新語言點教學模式,提高語言點教學效率成為文章作者這兩年以來一直努力完成的首選教研任務。經過不斷地探索和實踐,課改模式得到了教師和學生的認可,提高了語言點教學效率,也提升了學生的語言能力。
關鍵詞:創新;教學模式;課堂效率
中圖分類號:G633.4 文獻標識碼:A 收稿日期:2020-06-23 文章編號:1674-120X(2020)25-0078-03
一、創新教學模式
據高考考綱和中學英語教學大綱以及新課標的要求確定本課的教學目標;按照“重要新單詞—重要新短語—重要新句型—本課語言點的綜合演練和高考鏈接—本課語言點綜合運用”的層次,緊扣教材由淺入深、由基礎到綜合地準備學案;以學生為主體,運用任務型、歸納法教學來培養學生自主學習能力、合作學習能力、語言觀察能力、總結能力、運用能力以及語言學習能力,創新教學模式。
二、具體操作步驟
第一,學生自主合作,根據中文意思從課文中找出重要的新單詞和短語。
例如,高一牛津英語教材模塊一第二單元《Home alone》Task1:? Translate the following important new words and phrases into English.
令……吃驚、容忍、場景、辯解、值得、迫不及待地去做、處理、負責、對……苛刻、 一團糟、對……粗魯的。
第二,學生根據教師準備的學案合作學習重要新單詞,然后觀察分析配套精編練習,最后總結反思該詞的用法。
例如,高一牛津英語教材模塊一第二單元《Home alone》Task2: Learn the uses of some important new words.
(1)課文原句:Yes,I cant wait to? ? ? ? ?the boys!? (line 5)
surprise在此作動詞,意為“使驚奇,使驚愕”。
e.g.①They? ? ? ? ?﹙surprise﹚us with a visit.
②It? ? ? ? ?﹙surprise﹚me to see so many people there.
surprise 也可作名詞,意為“驚奇, 驚愕, 意外”。
e.g.Dont tell him about the present — its? ? ? ? ? ? .
surprise作不可數名詞常與to 連用,構成固定短語: to ones surprise? 使某人驚訝的是……其形容詞是: surprising? 令人驚訝的,surprised? 感到驚訝的。
e.g. ①? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?(令老師感到驚訝的是),he failed in the exam again.
②He was extremely? ? ? ? ?at the? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?news!
Conclusion 1: the uses of “surprise”.
(2)課文原句:We wont? ? ? ? ? ?such behavior in our house! (lines 27-28)
tolerate 在此作動詞,意為“容許,容忍”。
e.g. ①This sort of behavior will not be? ? ? ? ? .
②I dont know? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?(你怎么能容忍那噪音).
Conclusion 2: the uses of “tolerate”.
(3)課文原句:? Act two,? ? ? ? ? one.(line 34)
scene作名詞,有以下幾種含義:
①(戲劇)場景,布景。
e.g. This play is divided into three acts, and each act has three? ? ? ?.
這個劇分為三幕,每一幕有三個場景。
②景色,風景。
e.g. The? ? ? ? ?is a perfect dream when you see the sun rising slowly in the east.
③現場,出事地點。
e.g. The murder suspect couldnt explain away his fingerprints at the? ? ? ? .
Conclusion 3:the uses of “scene”。
區分:
scenery意為“自然景物,天然風光,舞臺布景”。
e.g. ①The grassland? ? ? ?of Tibet is unrivalled.
②The? ? ? ? ? for the play must have cost too much.
sight既可以指眼前看到的景觀,又可以指名勝、風景。在表達后者的含義時必須用復數。
view常指從遠處或高處看到的景色,可與scene互換。
①The first time I toured the Great Wall,I was deeply impressed with the beautiful _____.
A. view? ? ? ? ?B. sign? ? ? ? ? C. scene? ? ? ? D. scenery
②The _____ of the story is Russia during World War Ⅱ.
A. view? ? ? ? B. sign? ? ? ? ? ?C. scene? ? ? ?D. scenery
(4)課文原句:They never even gave me a chance to? ? ? ? ? . (line 37)
defend 作動詞,意為“辯解,辯護”。常用結構:defend sb/ oneself/ sth.( from/against sb/sth)
e.g.? ①How can you? ? ? ? ? such behavior?
② She? ? ? ? ? ? ?(成功地為自己進行了辯護)in court.
Conclusion 4: the uses of “defend”.
區分:guard/protect。
① Some insects take on the color of their surroundings to? ? ? ? ?( defend/guard/protect) themselves.
②Soldiers? ? ? ? ? the research center with guns every day.
③It is the duty of every Chinese citizen to? ? ? ? ? ?his motherland.
Conclusion 5:the differences among them.
guard 意為“留心守望,警戒”,防止可能的攻擊或侵害;
protect 指利用各種安全防御措施,盡力照顧某人/物,以使其不受損害;
defend 指用武力或其他措施保護某人/物在面臨危險時不受損害。
(5)課文原句:They dont? ? ? ? ?an explanation. (line 42)
deserve 作動詞,意為“值得,應得,應受”。
e.g. ①He? ? ? ? ? a reward for his efforts.
②He certainly deserves ______ to prison.
A. to send? ? ? ?B. to be sent? ? ? ? C. sending? ? ? ? D. being sent
③Guilin deserves ____. (一游)=Guilin deserves ________.
Conclusion 6: the uses of “deserve”.
第三,學生根據教師準備的學案自主、合作學習重要新短語,然后觀察分析配套精編練習,最后總結反思該短語的用法
例如,高一牛津英語教材模塊一第二單元《Home alone》 Task3:Learn the uses of the important phrases.
(1)Yes, I? ? ? ? ? ? ?surprise the boys!
cant wait to do意為“迫不及待地做”。
(在周末我迫不及待地去釣魚)
聯系: 情不自禁地做某事? ? ? ? ?不能幫忙做某事
(2) What did you? ? ? ? the cash we left? (line 14)
do with在這里是“處理、利用”的意思,? ①我有一大堆信要處理;② 你怎么處理這個問題。
do with 和deal with的區別:
do with和deal with都有“對付,處理”之意,只不過用于特殊問句時,do with與what連用,而deal with則與how搭配使用。
e.g. Could you tell me how _____ the matter?
A. to deal withB. to do withC. dealing with D. doing with
(3)The room? ? ? ? ? , with pizza boxes on the floor and dirty dishes in the sink.
mess 意為“混亂,凌亂,臟亂”。
e.g. Her hair? ? ? ? ? ? . (很混亂)
make a mess of意為“弄壞,把……搞得一塌糊涂,把……弄臟”。
e.g. The heavy rain made a great mess of the garden.
mess可用作動詞,意為“弄糟,弄亂,妨礙”,mess up意為“混亂,弄糟”。
e.g.I am asking to organize the trip, but I? ? ? ? ? ? .(把它弄糟了)
(4) We left you in charge! (lines 22-23)
①leave意為“使……處于某種狀態,聽任……”。
常用結構:leave + O.+ OC。
其中賓補可以為adj. /prep./ v-ing / n. /p.p。
e.g. ①請讓門開著;②別讓他在外面的雨中等著; ③請讓我獨自一人。
②charge 在句中為名詞,意為“ 掌管,照管”。
常用結構有:in charge of ,負責;in the charge of,由某人負責;in ones charge,由某人負責;take charge of,負責。
e.g. ①Who? ? ? ? ? ? ? the factory?
②Mr. Li will? ? ? the project. =The project is? ? ? ? ? ? ? .
The Department stores? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?Mr. Li.
charge 作動詞,可表示“索價,要價”。
e.g. The barber? ? ? ? ? ?ten dollars for a haircut.
charge還可表示“責令;公開指責;控訴”,常與with連用。
e.g. He was? ? ? ? ? with stealing a car.
第四,學生根據教師準備的學案自主、合作學習重要句型、重要結構,然后觀察分析完全配套精編練習,最后總結反思該句型、結構的用法。
例如,高一牛津英語教材模塊一第二單元《Home alone》? Task4:Learn the uses of the important new sentence patterns.
(1) Mom and Dad arrive back from vacation a day earlier? ? ? ? ? ? . (line 2)
than expected 意為“比預期的,比預料的”,是一種省略結構。
e.g.? 你比預料的考得好。
常用結構:expect + n./pron./to do sth/that。
也常用于復合結構? expect sb. to do sth / there to be。
(2) Eric runs in after it, followed by a big dog, walking very slowly. (lines 6-7)
e.g.①Prices of daily goods bought through a computer (=? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?) can be lower than store prices.
②Do you know the boy standing at the door? = Do you know the boy? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??
(3)The room is in a mess, with pizza boxes on the floor and dirty dishes in the sink.
結構:with +O.(賓語)+ O.C(賓語補足語)。
e.g. ① The teacher came into the classroom? ? ? ? . (手里拿著一本書)
②The family went out for a walk? ? ? ?. (讓燈亮著)
③He often sleeps? ? ? ? ? ? ? . (讓門開著)
④? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?(有這么多的人每天用英語交流), it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.
⑤All the afternoon, he worked? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? (鎖著門)
⑥? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?(由于擔心有兩門考試通不過), I have to work really hard this weekend.
Conclusion: with +O.(賓語)+ O.C。(賓語補足語, 賓語補足語由哪些詞性的的詞充當,為什么?)
Timely practice: The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already ______ for a meal to be cooked. (2010年山東)
A. laidB. layingC. to layD. being laid
(4)Daniel? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? and looks upset. (line 35)
has his arms crossed是“have sth. done”結構,表示“讓 / 叫 / 使 …做某事”。
①We? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? (請人修自行車) just now.
②He has? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? . (請人剪頭發)
have sb. do sth.意為“讓 / 叫 / 使某人做某事”。
have sb. / sth. doing意為“叫 / 讓 / 使某人做某事或讓某種情況發生”,表示賓語與現在分詞表示的動作之間為主動關系,且動作正在進行。
例如:Dont have the baby crying!
用括號內所給動詞的適當形式填空。
①A computer does only what thinking people have it
(do).
②Who did you have? ? ? ? ? (paint) the wall yesterday?
③Im sorry I cant help you because I have a lot of letters? ? ? ? (answer).
④The villagers are going to have a new bridge
(build)over the river.
⑤Who had the candle? ? ? ? ?(burn) throughout the whole night?
⑥What have they had? ? ? ? ?(do) to stop the pollution from the chemical works?
第五,學生運用本課所學習的語言點知識或自主、或合作完成教師精選的高考習題,檢測靈活運用語言知識的能力。
Task 5:The beautiful scenery of NMET.
(1)(2017 浙江,完形填空) Now Alia waited for? ? ? ? ?the war to end and dreamed of peace and a new library.
(2)(2015 江蘇,閱讀理解)We are facing today a strange new world and we are all wondering? ? ? ? ?we are going to do with it.
(3)(2017 天津改編,2) My room is? ? ? ? ?a mess, but I needn't clean it before I go out tonight. I can do it in the morning.
(4)(2015 重慶,閱讀理解)With rainbows? ? ? ? ?(form)in the splashing water around you and the sound of huge drops of water bouncing off your body and face, it is truly exciting.
(5)(2015 天津,3)Only when Lily walked into the office did she realize that she had? ? ? ? ?(forget/leave)the contract at home.
(6)(2017 課標全國Ⅲ,閱讀理解)It was a
(scenery/view/scene/sight)that had been repeated many times in the theater's 75-year history.
(7)(2015 課標全國Ⅰ,語法填空) For those who fly to Guilin, it is only an hour away by car and offers all the? ? ? ? ?(scenery/view/scene/sight)of the of better-known city.
(8)(2017 課標全國Ⅱ,七選五)Tell the person you are sorry, and explain that you have a meaning things? ? ? ? ?(do)and then ask if the two of you can talk at a different time.
(9)(2015 四川,七選五)They help the body
(defend /guard/protect)itself against some kinds of infections.
(10)(2014 北京,完形填空)Since this student worked so hard on the posters, she? ? ? ? ?(depends / deserves / defends/ devotes)a prize, too.
(11)(2013 福建,32)Anyone once? ? ? ? ?(test)positive for H7N9 flu virus,will receive free medical treatment from our government.
Task 6:Writing.
以 My growing pains 為題,寫一篇100詞左右的短文。注意:要盡可能多地運用本課學到的語言點;要用具體的事例來記敘你成長的煩惱;不能使用真實姓名和學校名稱。
三、喜人的高效課堂
從不斷地運用這種教學模式的過程中,筆者發現學生自主學習、合作學習、觀察、分析語言現象的能力,總結語言點知識用法的能力和結合語境運用語言點知識的能力得到了不斷提高,課堂效率自然就大大提高了,學生語言能力就大大增強了。
參考文獻:
[1]中華人民共和國教育部.普通高中英語課程標準[S].北京:人民教育出版社,2017.
[2]牛津高中英語(模塊一·高一上學期)[M].南京:譯林出版社,2018.