陽朔糖舍酒店，陽朔，廣西，中國

2021-08-31 03:35:34建筑設(shè)計董功直向建筑

世界建筑 2021年8期

關(guān)鍵詞：建筑

建筑設(shè)計：董功/直向建筑

1-4 鳥瞰/Aerial views（攝影/Photos:陳顥/CHEN Hao）

陽朔糖舍酒店位于廣西省陽朔縣漓江邊一處山坳，該地區(qū)是喀斯特地貌最具代表性的區(qū)域之一。場地內(nèi)自然景觀豐富，并保留有1960 年代建造的老糖廠和同時期用于蔗糖運輸?shù)墓I(yè)桁架。為保護漓江生態(tài)環(huán)境，老糖廠在1980 年代被叫停，幸運的是其建筑被完整保留下來。在經(jīng)濟增長速度放緩的社會背景下，我們將老糖廠視為一代人的生活記憶和情感載體，并將其定義為未來酒店建筑群落中的核心領(lǐng)袖。

新與老

在場地布局設(shè)計上，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)客房樓體與別墅分別位于老糖廠兩翼，使得老糖廠和工業(yè)桁架在最終的布局中占據(jù)整個酒店建筑群的中心軸線位置。景觀化的消防水池映射出老廠房的倒影，進一步強調(diào)出老糖廠的某種紀念性。在建筑材料方面，我們試圖在尋找一種新與老之間的含蓄的連續(xù)性，而非簡單的復(fù)制與模仿：我們采用了混凝土“回”字型砌塊與當(dāng)?shù)厥瘔K的混砌方式，這種復(fù)合立面材料在材質(zhì)肌理和壘砌邏輯上與老建筑的青磚保持一致，但當(dāng)代的構(gòu)造技術(shù)使其呈現(xiàn)出更為靈動、通透的視覺效果，同時提升了建筑的通風(fēng)、采光性能。新建筑外形簡單，盡量克制，以避免表現(xiàn)力過于張揚對老建筑造成的干擾。同時，新建體量被嚴格控制低于老廠房，并沿用老糖廠的坡屋頂形式與屋頂角度，繼而使新、老建筑在同一個秩序中演進、更迭。

游走體驗

我們將整個場地視為一個可游走的空間系統(tǒng)：老糖廠、工業(yè)桁架與新體量在其中共同界定出或封閉或開敞的空間。在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)客房樓體內(nèi)部，作為水平游走系統(tǒng)在垂直向度的延伸，一條1.25m 的公共步道沿著樓體外部界面向斜上方綿延展開。公共步道系統(tǒng)獨立于水平向的客房功能走廊系統(tǒng)。受喀斯特地形地區(qū)挖進山體的山道系統(tǒng)與溶洞啟發(fā)，漸漸爬升的線型公共步道串聯(lián)起3 個帶有強烈空間指向性的“溶洞”空間。3 個“溶洞”在不同高度上呈現(xiàn)出不同的與自然山體巖石的對景關(guān)系，漫步于度假酒店中，人們可不斷體驗到空間明與暗、高與矮、遠與近。

人工與自然

基地南側(cè)臨江，北側(cè)是繁忙的省道，四周群山以近乎垂直于地面的角度拔地而起。我們選擇了水平橫向的長方體作為新建筑主體的外形，希望人工化的水平幾何體量和自然的山體形成相互襯托的關(guān)系。此外，公共步道系統(tǒng)也是喀斯特地貌地區(qū)凹進山體的棧道和溶洞幾何化、空間化之后的結(jié)果。

5 1972年糖廠老照片/Original Condition in 1972（攝影/Photo:蒙紫/MENG Zi 發(fā)表/Published:解放軍畫報,1972 (01) PLA Pictorial,1972 (01)）

Sugarhouse Hotel is located in a col near Li River in Yangshuo,Guangxi.Surrounded by picturesque natural landscape,the site locates in one of the most typical karst regions.An old sugar mill built in the 1960s is beautifully preserved,with an industrial truss used for sugar cane transport.We envision industrial heritage as the representation of spirit of older generation.This became the premise of this project.Our main design strategies include the following.

Old and New

Flanked with newly-added suite building and villa,the old sugar mill and industrial truss occupy the central part of the hotel complex.The sunken plaza and reflecting pond further accentuate the spiritual symbolism and significance of the old structure.In order to create a sense of consistency,instead of simply copying the old materiality and texture,we try to seek this nuance by using more contemporary materials and construction methods while remaining the tinge and masonry structure of the old.Hollow concrete block and wood-formed cast-in-situ concrete serve to make the new volume lighter and more transparent visually without disturbing the existing order,and enhance natural lighting and ventilation at the same time.We keep the profile of new building as simple as possible to avoid unnecessary distraction to the old sugar mill caused by overly expressive geometry.Roof slope is consistent with the original one:after the completion of the hotel complex,its profile becomes a cluster of pitched roofs.We hope the new is progressively evolved and conveys a sophisticated consistency with the old.

Promenade Experience

We view our site as a garden for guests to wander and ponder.Old sugar mill,industrial truss,new volumes,reflecting pond and path define spaces of different kinds.Two circulation systems are active in the suite building:one being completely functional corridor system while the other serving as a free public walkway,connecting three important cavelike node spaces.The public walkway is the extension of the promenade experience on the ground level.Wandering around the resort hotel,guests experience the alternation of light and dark,change of framed landscape view,distance and elevation.

Man-made and Natural

The site is surrounded by karst peaks,facing Li River to the south and a busy driveway to the north.Horizontality of architecture and verticality of karst mountain show interaction between the manmade and the natural.Besides,the public walkway is artificialised and geometric version of the pathway and cave carved into the karst mountain since ancient times.The "caves" are carefully located so that they visually connect architectural space with natural mountainscape.

6 模型/Model（圖片來源/Sources:直向建筑/Vector Architects）

8 四層平面/Third floor plan

9 首層平面/Ground floor plan

項目信息/Credits and Data

地點/Location:廣西桂林陽朔/Yangshuo,Guilin,Guangxi業(yè)主/Client:陽朔新天地旅游發(fā)展有限公司/Landmark Tourism Investment Company

酒店管理/Hotel Management:安樺酒店管理有限公司/Aurua Hotels and Resorts

建筑設(shè)計/Principal Architect:董功/DONG Gong

室內(nèi)設(shè)計/Interior Architect:琚賓（水平線空間設(shè)計）/JU Bin (Horizontal Space Design)

老建筑改造設(shè)計/Old Building Renovation Design:琚賓，董功/JU Bin,DONG Gong

場地設(shè)計/Site Design:董功，琚賓/DONG Gong,JU Bin

景觀設(shè)計/Landscape Design:琚賓，董功/JU Bin,DONG Gong建筑設(shè)計團隊/Architecture Design Team:何斌，王楠，劉晨，朱方舟，孔祥棟，張鵬，趙亮亮，王堅，徐孟堯，韓悅，劉智勇，李柏，馬小凱/HE Bin,WANG Nan,LIU Chen,ZHU Fangzhou,KONG Xiangdong,ZHANG Peng,ZHAO Liangliang,WANG Jian,XU Mengyao,HAN Yue,LIU Zhiyong,LI Bo,MA Xiaokai

室內(nèi)設(shè)計團隊/Interior Design Team:韋金晶，韋耀程，聶紅明，張洛凱，羅釩于，周文駿/WEI Jinjing,WEI Yaocheng,NIE Hongming,ZHANG Luokai,LUO Fanyu,ZHOU Wenjun

駐場建筑師/Site Architects:趙亮亮，張鵬（直向建筑），李映發(fā)，李希普（水平線空間設(shè)計）/Z H AO Liangliang,ZHANG Peng (Vector Architects);LI Yingfa,LI Xipu (Horizonal Space Design)

機電顧問/Mechanical and Electrical Consultants:林森，李海家，韋福良，何姣榮，高宇（深圳市嘉石機電工程設(shè)計有限公司）/LIN Sen,LI Haijia,WEI Fuliang,HE Jiaorong,GAO Yu (Shenzhen JS M&E Engineering Design Co.,Ltd.)

燈光顧問/Design Lighting Consultant:Albert Martin Klaasen (Klaasen Lighting Design)

當(dāng)?shù)卦O(shè)計院/LDI:桂林市建筑設(shè)計研究院/Guilin Institute of Architectural Design Co.,Ltd.

合作項目建筑師/LDI Project Architect:覃建明/QIN Jianming合作建筑師/LDI Architects:楊木，盧遠欣/YANG Mu,LU Yuanxin

結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計/Structural Engineers:鄭文甫，李波，周賢忠/ZHENG Wenfu,LI Bo,ZHOU Xianzhong

機電設(shè)計/MEP Engineers:林德生，陸小燕，鄧京/LIN Desheng,LU Xiaoyan,DENG Jing

景觀設(shè)計/Landscape Designers:于謙柏，肖瀅瀛/YU Qianbo,XIAO Yingying

結(jié)構(gòu)/Structure:框架剪力墻結(jié)構(gòu)/Frame-shear wall structure材料/Materials:木模混凝土，混凝土砌塊，當(dāng)?shù)厥模衲荆咨±硗苛希ナ词?Wood formwork concrete,concrete block,local masonry,bamboo,stucco,terrazzo,pebbledash

建筑面積/Building Area:16,000 m2

設(shè)計時間/Design Period:2013.08-2014.10

施工時間/Construction Period:2014.10-2017.06

攝影/Photos:陳顥，蘇圣亮/CHEN Hao,SU Shengliang