○毛麗偉
(作者單位:盧龍縣教育和體育局教研室)
學詞先知音,知音必有法。我們要在教學語音知識的同時,引導學生理解音的義和形,讓“音”回到單詞中、句子中、生活情境中,讓學生體驗學習語音的樂趣,掌握更多高階的語音知識。本文以PEP小學英語五年級下冊Unit 6Work quietly!A Let’s spell教學為例,通過層層遞進、環環相扣的教學設計,引導學生直接模仿正確的發音,自悟發音規則,培養自然拼讀的能力。
將語音知識放在真實的生活情境中,引導學生發現、追問、尋音、總結,不僅能夠培養學生聽辨音的能力,而且能有效激發學生主動思考、積極參與的熱情。
T:It’s summer time.We are going to have a summer camp.Are you excited?
Ss:Yes.
T:Look at the playbill.What do you want to know about it?
S1:When is the summer camp?
T:Good question!But please look at the playbillcarefully.
T:Who can answer S1’s question?(教師加重單詞Who的讀音,并稍作停頓。)
S2:It’s on June 19th.
T:Thank you.Any other questions?
……
學生饒有興致地自問自答,教師適時板書提煉典型性問題,自然引出要學習的語音知識,引導學生學會發現生活中的語音、梳理總結語音要點,讓語音教學不再枯燥乏味。
T:Look!Here are your questions.(教師板書所有的“wh”問句,圈出“wh”單詞并拋出新問題。)
T:What do you find?
S1:They allhave“wh”.
T:Do you think so,class?
Ss:Yes!
T:Now let’s read the“wh”words.And try to feeltheir sounds,okay?
……
T:Excellent answer!Your oral English is pretty good!Do you think so,class?
Ss:Yes!

深層問題引導學生在小組內討論完成,一方面增加答案的準確性,另一方面增強學生的學習自信。此處作為本節課的教學重點,要給足學生時間,教師認真觀察各組學生的表現,及時給予指導,確保學生討論的方向和結論無誤。
T:Let’s read more“wh”sentences.I think you can find more.(PPT出示:Whose ball is it?Please read the whole sentence.)
S1:When“wh”is in front of the letter“o”,the sound is/h/.
T:Thank you.Do you agree with her,class?
……
此環節中學生不一定一下子就說出教師心目中所謂的“標準答案”,教師或用紅色粉筆圈出“wh”后面的字母o溫馨提示,或反復播放原音耐心引導,直到學生找出正確的發音規律。
T:Now open your book and turn to Page 60,please.First,let’s listen and circle.Ten seconds for you to prepare.
(學生打開書,快速瀏覽原題10秒,準備聽音作答。)
T:You have only one chance.Please lis?ten carefully.Have you finished?
Ss:Yes!
T:Let’s share the answers.(學生分享自己的答案,教師訂正。)Now it’s asking and writ?ing time.Please choose three“wh”questions for your partner.Write them down on your book.Then ask each other.
……
教材中Listen and circle和Ask and write內容,從聽音辨詞到以生活實際為出發點的自由提問,可謂由淺入深、層層遞進,使不同層次的學生都能在“自聽自辨自圈”和“自思自寫互問”的過程中,獲得滿滿的學習成就感。
T:(出示PPT)Here are some“wh”words.They can’t find their home.Let’s read the passage and help them,okay?
Ss:OK!
通過“讀短文,為單詞找家”的活動,引導學生牢記“wh”的發音規律,進一步明確“wh”與“wh-o”的發音區別,確保學生真正掌握本課所學語音知識。
T:I know all of you like picture stories.Look!I bring you an interesting story,Whistle for whale.(出示PPT繪本故事)Read and find the“wh”words,try to understand the story.Okay,please begin.
……
通過閱讀與本課語音知識相關的趣味繪本故事,引導學生結合文字與圖片讀出“wh”生詞,理解大意,激發學生的閱讀興趣。
T:Why do you laugh at last?
S1:Because the whale is not a realwhale.
T:What is it?
Ss:It’s a dog.
T:Whose dog?
……
教師通過設計幾個“wh”問題鞏固、總結了本課的教學重點,真正做到了“音不離詞,詞不離義”。在教學語音知識的同時,培養了學生發現問題、自析發音、尋找規則、總結規律、巧思妙讀的能力,使枯燥的語音教學既簡單又有趣。