中國國家館：院兒
——從最大到最小

策展人：張利

“在加劇的割裂與不均中，人類如何實現真正的共居？”

第17屆威尼斯國際建筑雙年展總策展人哈希姆·薩基斯提出的總主題“我們如何共同生活？”（How will we live together?）旨在探討建筑如何促進人與人的平等、溝通與融合。它自然地讓我們聯想起一個最熟悉的原型：“院兒”——多個家庭同時居住的院落。在中文的語境里，“院兒”有著特殊的意義：它既指這種院落的空間形態，又指在這種院落中居住的人的共同體——院落社區。

院落是一種充滿活力的共同生活原型，它跨越不同的地域文化和歷史時代，長盛不衰。“院兒”還一直是中國所有傳統城市肌理和社會結構的基本組成單元，遍布于從最大到最小的各種城市建筑案例中，從氣勢磅礴的紫禁城到平凡日常的胡同鄰里。它不僅記載著過去的理念，更持續激發著當代建筑師與藝術家的精彩探索，為我們共同的未來提供著啟示。

院兒：從最大到最小，從過去到未來

中國館是一次圍繞“院兒”這一主題的學術質詢。為什么“院兒”過去能、現在也能、未來還將能讓東南西北、三教九流的人彼此親近？究竟是什么樣的身體—空間編碼，使得真正具有凝聚力的城市社區能夠在一個又一個院兒的基底上生成？院兒所承載的傳統智慧將如何施惠于我們當下的建筑與空間思考，進而使人們更好地共同生活在一起，無論是線上還是線下？在中國館中，這一學術質詢將通過如下5個部分加以呈現：

第一部分 共同理解I ——靈感與干預

邀請在中國執業的優秀建筑師通過在平板電腦上的視頻，講述與“院兒”相關的靈感和設計。

第二部分 共同理解II——經典與詮釋

由6個中國杰出建筑師與6個權威歷史學者通過全息投影剖析經典傳統案例、構建當代詮釋。

第三部分 共同設計——我的院兒

由 AI 藝術家何宛余通過算法訓練計算機對 6 個中國先鋒建筑師的語匯進行深度學習，制作智能設計引擎，幫助觀眾設計自己的院兒。

第四部分 共同感受——聽院兒

由聲音藝術家朱哲琴創作的大型聲音裝置將觀眾帶入一種全新的旅程——“院兒”的感官體驗。

第五部分 共同治愈——每個人的故事廊

第五部分“共同治愈”，在中國國家館“院兒”（花園）中的涼亭內，通過錘丸、曲水流觴、秋千等15個日常院落生活中的案例，分享中國人長期以來創造性地利用空間治愈的故事。

1 展館內景/Interior view of pavilion

Biennale Architettura 2021 themeHow will we live together?asks how architecture may contribute to equality, connectivity and unity. It brings us to a familiar typology: Yuan-er. In Chinese, the word Yuan-er means a multi-family courtyard, referring to both its physicality and the people inhabiting it. It has been the basic molecule of all traditional urban and social fabrics in China, with cases ranging from the mega, like the Forbidden City, to the micro, like hutongs. Not only has it been the bearer of ideas of the past, it is also continuing to inspire architects and artists looking for hints of the future.

China Pavilion makes an inquiry on Yuan-er. Why was it able, and is still able to bring people of such diversity closer to each other? What are the space-body relations that generate cohesive urban communities extending from one yuan-er to another? How would wisdoms of past yuan-ers benefit architecture of our time for people to live together, online as well as offline?

China Pavilion has 5 sections. In Section 1,Together we learn(Part I), various architects practicing in China are invited to give individual stories of inspirations and interventions related to yuan-er, through videos played on tablets and phones. In Section 2,Together we learn(Part II), 6 Chinese architects plus 6 historians dissect classic cases and give radical contemporary interpretations through hologram projections. In Section 3,Together we design, visitors are invited to design their own yuaners, using the engine designed by an AI artist featuring vocabularies of 6 young Chinese architects. In Section 4,Together we feel, an artist's sound installation takes the visitors to a journey of senses in yuan-er. In Section 5,Together we heal, the parlour in the real yuan-er (the garden) outside China Pavilion shares stories of people's creative use of spaces for healing.

"ffle theme reflects the turning page of contemporary architecture, both Chinese and global. Compared to the obsession with forms at the end of last century, architects today are reaching a world-wide consensus that architecture has to address the life of normal people, if it is to remain a positive force in our civilisation." stated by ZHANG Li, curator of Pavilion of PR China.

Yuan-er has been around for more than 2,000 years in China. The Forbidden City, which has stood for 600 years, is considered as the most sophisticated and distinguished example of yuan-er. China Pavilion's curation team have invited experts from the Palace Museum to advise on the research, to help identify the underlying cultural genes.□

2 展館軸測/Exploded axonometric of pavilion

3-5 展覽裝置/Exhibition installations

6-8 展館內景/Interior views of pavilion

9.10 戶外展亭/Outdoor pavilion

項目信息/Credits and Data

主辦方/Organiser: 中華人民共和國文化和旅游部/Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the People's Republic of China

學術指導/Academic Mentorship: 故宮博物院/The Palace Museum

組織實施/Commissioner: 中國對外文化集團有限公司/ China Arts and Entertainment Group Ltd. (CAEG)

策展人/Curator: 張利/ZHANG Li

研究團隊/Research Team: 清華大學建筑學院，故宮博物院古建部，中央美術學院院絲綢之路藝術研究協同創新中心，世界建筑雜志社/School of Architecture, Tsinghua University/Department of Architectural Heritage, The Palace Museum/Silk Road Artistic Research and Collaboration and Innovation Center, Central Academy of Fine Arts/World Architecture Magazine Publications

藝術指導/Artistic Advisors: 吳洪亮，岳潔瓊，趙鵬/WU Hongliang, YUE Jieqiong, ZHAO Peng

展覽設計/Display Design & Graphic Design: 簡盟工作室/Atelier TeamMinus

策展助理/Curator Assistants: 葉揚，白雪，鄧慧姝，Marta Mancini，王子恒/YE Yang, BAI Xue, DENG Huishu, MANCINI, Marta; WANG Ziheng

現場管理/Site Management Team: Michele Bonino，Marta Mancini，Edoardo Bruno，Ahmed Mansouri，Ottavia Valz Gris，張顯，余紫悅/BONINO, Michele, MANCINI Marta, BRUNO, Edoardo, MANSOURI Ahmed, VALZ GRIS, Ottavia, ZHANG Xian, YU Ziyue

支持與贊助/Supported by

頂級支持方/Top Sponsor: 故宮博物院/The Palace Museum重要支持方/Major Sponsor: 龍湖集團，北京故宮文物保護基金會/Longfor Group,The Beijing Palace Museum Cultural Relics Protection Foundation

特別鳴謝/Special Support: 北京歐力普公共藝術有限公司，紅日照明/Beijing OLP Public Design Company, HONGRI LIGHTING

主要參展人/Participants

藝術家/Artists: 朱哲琴，何宛余/ZHU Zheqin (Dadawa), HE Wanyu

建筑師/Architects: 崔愷，常青，莊惟敏，周愷，劉家琨，肖偉與中信建筑設計研究總院，晉宏逵，李燮平，王子林，趙鵬，呂舟，劉暢；Michele Bonino 與都靈理工大學，陳雄，崔彤，董功，馮正功，桂學文，郭明卓，胡越，李存東，李虎/黃文菁，李興鋼，劉珩，柳亦春/陳屹峰，Gisela Loehlein與西交利物浦大學，呂品晶，梅洪元，孟巖，倪陽，齊欣，邵韋平，沈迪，申作偉，時匡，宋照青，孫一民，王輝，汪孝安，楊瑛，張杰，章明/張姿，張鵬舉，張彤，張悅，趙揚，趙元超，朱小地；曹曉昕，常志剛，車飛，陳劍飛，陳薇，崔光海，崔海東，丁沃沃，董丹申，馮江，傅筱，高崧，葛明，韓冬青，韓文強，何崴，景泉，孔宇航，李立，李麟學，李少鋒，李亦農，李振宇，劉克成，劉玉龍，龍灝，陸軼辰，祁斌，屈培青，任飛，任力之，單軍，宋曄皓，湯朔寧，童明，王方戟/董曉/肖瀟，王戈，汪恒，王昀，魏春雨，吳晨，肖毅強，徐維平，薛峰，嚴龍華，楊明/張天鈞/顧鵬，楊旭，袁烽，曾群，查金榮，張海翱，張昕，周凌，朱育帆；鮑威，薄宏濤，卜冰，卜驍駿/張繼元，陳浩如，Martijn de Geus，朵寧，范蓓蕾/孔銳/薛喆，房木生，馮果川，馮路，何健翔/蔣瀅，何哲/沈海恩/臧峰，胡錚，賈蓮娜， Binke Lenhardt（藍冰可）/董灝，李丹鋒/周漸佳，李道德，李冀，劉宇揚，陸皓，孟凡浩，穆鈞，彭樂樂，青山周平，曲雷/何勍，阮昊與零壹城市建筑事務所，水雁飛，宋剛/鐘冠球/朱志遠，湯樺，唐康碩/張淼，陶磊，王碩，王彥，汪瑩，王振飛/王鹿鳴，魏浩波/謝勁松，魏娜，吳鋼，徐千禾，徐甜甜，俞挺/閔而尼，張斌/周蔚，張佳晶，張應鵬，朱培棟，祝曉峰，朱雄毅，莊慎/任皓/唐煜/朱捷，莊子玉等/CUI Kai; CHANG Qing; ZHUANG Weimin; ZHOU Kai; LIU Jiakun; XIAO Wei & CADI; JIN Hongkui; LI Xieping; WANG Zilin; ZHAO Peng; LYU Zhou; LIU Chang; BONINO, Michele & PoliTo; CHEN Xiong; CUI Tong; DONG Gong; FENG Zhenggong; GUI Xuewen; GUO Mingzhuo; HU Yue; LI Cundong; LI Hu & HUANG Wenjing; LI Xinggang; LIU, Doreen Heng; LIU Yichun & CHEN Yifeng; LOEHLEIN, Gisela & XJTLU; LYU Pinjing; MEI Hongyuan; MENG Yan; NI Yang; QI Xin; SHAO Weiping; SHEN Di; SHEN Zuowei; SHI Kuang; SONG Zhaoqing; SUN Yimin; WANG Hui; WANG Xiao'an; YANG Ying; ZHANG Jie; ZHANG Ming & ZHANG Zi; ZHANG Pengju; ZHANG Tong; ZHANG Yue; ZHAO Yang; ZHAO Yuanchao; ZHU Xiaodi; CAO Xiaoxin; CHANG Zhigang; CHE Fei; CHEN Jianfei; CHEN Wei; CUI Guanghai; CUI Haidong; DING Wowo; DONG Danshen; FENG Jiang; FU Xiao; GAO Song; GE Ming; HAN Dongqing; HAN Wenqiang; HE Wei; JING Quan; KONG Yuhang; LI Li; LI Linxue; LI Shaofeng; LI Yinong; LI Zhenyu; LIU Kecheng; LIU Yulong; LONG Hao; LU Yichen; QI Bin; QU Peiqing; REN Fei; REN Lizhi; SHAN Jun; SONG Yehao; TANG Shuoning; TONG Ming; WANG Fangji & DONG Xiao & XIAO Xiao; WANG Ge; WANG Heng; WANG Yun; WEI Chunyu; WU Chen; XIAO Yiqiang; XU Weiping; XUE Feng; YAN Longhua; YANG Ming & ZHANG Tianjun & GU Peng; YANG Xu; YUAN, Philip F.; ZENG Qun; ZHA Jinrong; ZHANG Hai'ao; ZHANG Xin; ZHOU Ling; ZHU Yufan; AOYAMA Shuhei; BAO Wei; BO Hongtao; BU Bing; BU Xiaojun & ZHANG Yingfan; CHEN Haoru; DE GEUS, Martijn; DUO Ning; FAN Beilei & KONG Rui & XUE Zhe; FANG Musheng; FENG Guochuan; FENG Lu; HE Jianxiang & JIANG Ying; HE Zhe & SHEN, James & ZANG Feng; HU Zheng; JIA Lianna; LENHARDT, Binke & DONG Hao; LI Danfeng & ZHOU Jianjia; LI Daode; LI Ji; LIU Yuyang; LU Hao; MENG Fanhao; MU Jun; PENG Lele; QU Lei & HE Qing; RUAN Hao & LYCS Architecture; SHUI Yanfei; SONG Gang & ZHONG Guanqiu & ZHU Zhiyuan; TANG Hua; TANG Kangshuo & ZHANG Miao; TAO Lei; WANG Shuo; WANG Yan; WANG Ying; WANG Zhenfei & WANG Luming; WEI Haobo & XIE Jingsong; WEI Na; WU Gang; XU Qianhe; XU Tiantian; YU Ting & MIN Erni; ZHANG Bin & ZHOU Wei; ZHANG Jiajing; ZHANG Yingpeng; ZHU Peidong; ZHU Xiaofeng; ZHU Xiongyi; ZHUANG Shen & REN Hao & TANG Yu & ZHU Jie; ZHUANG Ziyu, etc.

攝影/Photos: Samuele Pellecchia/Prospekt

附錄：中國館參展作品/Appendix: Participants' Works on Exhibition

附錄：中國館參展作品/Appendix: Participants' Works on Exhibition

附錄：中國館參展作品/Appendix: Participants' Works on Exhibition