每個成人的心中都藏著一個彼得·潘

河南 陳志強

Step 1 感知·閱讀導航

話題導入

《彼得·潘》是蘇格蘭小說家及劇作家詹姆斯·馬修·巴利創作的長篇小說。小說講述了一個會飛的淘氣小男孩彼得·潘在永無島的冒險故事， 同他相伴的還有溫迪·達令和其他人。 溫迪在永無島上經歷各種冒險的同時， 漸漸明白了成長的意義，而彼得·潘在和溫迪一起經歷了種種冒險之后， 也有所成長。

《彼得·潘》 這部作品事實上是成人懷念美好童年的一個神話。 一方面，它用生動、明快的筆法描述了一個至真至純的兒童世界；另一方面，作者又滿懷遺憾和無奈地暗示——童年雖美好，卻無法挽留，人終究要長大并步入成人的世界。從童年到成年的轉變，人類不僅失去了童年和童真，他們的個性受到壓抑，人性也被扭曲了。 而彼得·潘的存在說明人類有著永存不滅的童年和童心，這份童心讓人們心曠神怡、遐思無限，忘卻成人世界的喧囂浮華，從而得到精神上的慰藉。

本文為一篇書評，全文480 詞，建議用時7 分鐘。

閱讀目標

1. 感知小說的故事情節、創作背景、主題意義，以及藝術風格。

2. 掌握書評的文體特征、語篇結構及語言特色，能夠通過對語篇的研讀，撰寫書評，對自己熟悉的作品進行介紹、鑒賞和評價。

3. 探究成長的意義，思考責任、目標、純真對于個人成長的意義，直面成長中遇到的困難與挑戰，促進身體與心理的協調與健康成長。

閱讀預熱

Ⅰ. Viewing activity

Watch a short video and then answer the following questions. If necessary, discuss them with your partners.

1. What is the name of the film? What type of film is it?

2. Who is the leading character in the film? Who are the leading character's friends and who is the leading character's enemy? What is the film mainly about?

3. When you meet with an unpleasant situation, would you like to face it bravely or escape from reality frightenedly? Would you like to turn to a fantasy novel featuring amazing people and things for a temporary relief? Why?

Ⅱ. True （T） or false （F）

（）1. A book review is a form of literary criticism which is an analysis of a reader's clear understanding of a book.

（）2. A successful book review usually includes the plot, background information of the author, the topic, writing techniques of the book as well as an evaluation of the content.

（）3. A book review often concludes the review with the evaluation of the book.

（）4. A book review should be opinion-based, in relevance to the book.

（）5. Using a certain quotation from the author's novel will make your article more readable.

1How would you like to escape the realities of everyday life to a fantasy world with fairies and pirates （海盜）? How would you feel with so many growing pains surrounding or even swallowing you every day? Well, you can be immersed （沉浸） in James Matthew Barrie's book Peter Pan， an adventure novel of some children. It will surely satisfy your curiosity and leave much room for you to rethink these obsessions （困擾）.

2Peter Pan is playwright and novelist James Matthew Barrie's most famous work,published both as a play in 1904 and in 1911 as a novel. It tells the story of the magical Peter Pan, who flies into the Darling family's nursery in London one night and persuades the children, Wendy,Michael and John to fly to Neverland with him, where they get caught up in a number of wild adventures. Enriched with their new skill, they are led to the home of the Lost Boys in Neverland. But Captain Hook, the evil leader of the pirates,is determined to wipe out the Lost Boys, and especially the cocky Pan. Therefore, the conflict is on. The adventure thus captures the imagination of children and adults, setting the scene for a classic tale.

3Barrie was inspired to write the story of Peter by the Davies children, whom Barrie adopted after the death of their parents, Sylvia and Arthur.Their names were used for the names of some of the characters in the story, and the adoption of the Lost Boys by the Darling family is said to have been based on Barrie's experiences of adopting the Davies children. Barrie created Peter Pan as a story to amuse two of the boys, George and Jack.

4“All children, except one, grow up.” This is the opening line of both the book and the play. The main theme of the story is the conflict between wanting to remain a child,but knowing that one has to become an adult. Peter Pan is the living and breathing manifestation （體現） of the desire to remain a child forever, without responsibility or cares.He makes decisions based on his desire to remain a child forever, even giving up Wendy and the friendship of the Lost Boys, so that he can stay young and continue to go on wild adventures. Peter represents the desire never to get older and never to mature as a person, but to remain immersed （沉浸） in one's imagination and sense of play.

5Though some of the values and language are now a bit out of date, Peter Pan by James Matthew Barrie is a must-have book for anyone wanting to escape into the fantasy world of Neverland with the “boy who would never grow up”. Anyone who has an endless childhood and childlike innocence cannot miss the novel. So next time you walk into a book store, just buy one copy and take it home to enjoy.

Step 2 理解·文本解讀

Ⅰ. Reading to summarize the gist

What is the genre of this article? What does it mainly talk about?

____________________________________________

Ⅱ. Reading to analyze the structure

Fill in each blank with only one word to best present the structure of the article.

Ⅲ. Reading to understand the novel

Answer the following questions according to the article.

1. What type of novel does Peter Pan belong to? Who is the author of the novel? What inspired the author to create the novel?

____________________________________________

2. Who are the characters in the novel? What's the possible relationship between them?

____________________________________________

3. What unique skill makes Peter Pan different from other children? How does he take advantage of his magic?

____________________________________________

4. What danger are the children faced with in Neverland?

____________________________________________

5. What mistakes does Peter Pan make in Neverland? What do you think of his mistakes?

____________________________________________

Ⅳ. Reading to get opinions from the author

Complete the following table with only one word for each blank.

CategoryPossible opinionsEvidence Function Theme The novel can be a book which 1.________you from the reality of daily life as well as a 2.________from growing pains. Also, it can be a book to make you 3.________upon some of your obsessions.How would you like to escape the realities...and pirates? How would you feel...you every day? Well, you can be immersed...these obsessions.The story interprets the theme of the 4.________between growing up and wanting to remain a child.Peter Pan is the living and breathing manifestation...sense of play.Writing styleSome of the 5.________and language are now a bit out of date.Evaluation Peter Pan is a must-have book for anyone with an endless childhood and childlike 6.________.So next time you...to enjoy.

Ⅴ. Reading to develop your own ideas

Like Peter Pan, do you also have an endless childhood and childlike innocence of remaining a child while growing up? Watch another short video and then discuss with your partners about the true meaning of growing up and what lesson you have learned from Peter Pan.

____________________________________________

Step 3 運用·讀寫整合

Situational writing

Recently, Crazy English is organizing a writing competition whose theme is “Read everlasting classics and grow together”. You really want to contribute to the magazine.Please write a book review to the magazine.

Writing essentials:

1. the name of the book;

2. basic elements of the book;

3. your evaluation of the book.

Writing requirements:

1. your article should be about 120 words;

2. your article can include some details if necessary.

Read everlasting classics and grow together

Step 4 提升·素養建構

一、語言學習

1. 重要詞塊

escape the realities of everyday life 逃避日常生活的現實

a fantasy world with fairies and pirates 一個有仙女和海盜的奇幻世界

be immersed in 沉浸在……中

satisfy one's curiosity 滿足某人的好奇心

leave much room for sb to do 給某人留下很多的空間做……

get caught up in 深陷于……；被……所困

a number of wild adventures 很多野外/狂熱冒險

be enriched with 富含……

be determined to do 下定決心做

wipe out 消滅

capture the imagination of children and adults 捕捉了兒童和成人的想象力

set the scene for a classic tale 為一個經典的故事設定背景

inspire sb to do sth 激勵某人做某事

be based on 以……為依據

grow up 長大

make decisions 做決定

give up 放棄

stay young 保持年輕

out of date 過時；落伍

escape into the fantasy world of Neverland 逃避到永無島的奇幻世界里

an endless childhood and childlike innocence 永存不滅的童年和童心

2. 難句分析

He makes decisions based on his desire to remain a child forever, even giving up Wendy and the friendship of the Lost Boys, so that he can stay young and continue to go on wild adventures. 他做出的決定基于他想要永遠做一個孩子的愿望，他甚至放棄了溫迪和迷失男孩們的友誼，這樣他就可以不長大，繼續進行野外冒險。

【點石成金】本句是一個主從復合句，主句為He makes decisions based on his desire to remain a child forever， 句中的based on 為過去分詞短語作方式狀語，to remain a child forever 為動詞不定式作名詞desire 的后置定語。 even giving up Wendy and the friendship of the Lost Boys 為現在分詞作伴隨狀語。so that 引導的是目的狀語從句，相當于in order that。

二、綜合視野

成長：愿你歷盡千帆，歸來仍是少年

“成長”是每個人都要直面的生活命題，在文學作品及流行文化中，“成長”永遠是一個亙古不變而又歷久彌新的話題。

1. 《童年·在人間·我的大學》（馬克西姆·高爾基）

這本小說集包含了《童年》《在人間》《我的大學》三部。 小說通過一個漸漸長大的孩子的眼光來觀察和了解他周圍的世界，讓我們看到了一個倔強、富有同情心和有追求的青少年形象。 書中描繪了青少年在成長期所遇到的種種問題、 所經受的各種心理考驗，這些對于讀者來說無比親切感人。

2. 《我那些成長的煩惱》（梁曉聲）

本書是一部自傳體成長小說，講述的是作者從兒童到少年這段時期成長的煩惱，帶領讀者一起體會成長是一個不斷自我糾錯的過程，也是一個逐漸明白責任的過程，而這一過程，離不開親情、友情等種種愛的支撐。親情和友情穿越時空，照亮我們的成長之路。