中秋節里的文化探幽

安徽 王濤濤

中秋節是中國最重要的傳統節日之一，通過中秋節，人們可以感受到中國傳統節日的獨特魅力。

?文章詞數387難度★★★★建議用時7 分鐘

1Chinese seem to bring their happiness to the people around the world during festivals, especially in the Mid-Autumn Festival. So-called “The moon, growing full now over the sea, brightens the whole of heaven” exactly conveys such an idea.

2With regard to the universality of the connotation（含義） of the Mid-Autumn Festival, enjoying the full moon is one of the main festival folk customs in the traditional Mid-Autumn Festival. Not only limited to enjoying the full moon, the Mid-Autumn Festival has been a major day for social activities in Ming and Qing dynasties and belonged to one of the three largest festivals. The main significance of the Mid-Autumn Festival lies in celebrating the harvest, strengthening family ethics and advocating interpersonal communication. The main content of the Mid-Autumn Festival is laying emphasis on family ethics and interpersonal relationships.

3Traditional festivals are an important opportunity of intensively showing traditional culture while Chinese and overseas Chinese are the important carriers of popularizing traditional Chinese festivals to the world. When joyfully celebrating traditional ethnic festivals, they are emphasizing their cultural identity, showing the cultural glamour （魅力） of traditional Chinese festivals, and bringing the residents different cultural feelings through the festival ceremonies, festive dishes of ethnic groups and the emotional conveyance （傳送） of festivals contained in them. Our traditional festivals will be endowed with global significance if the Spring Festival, the Mid-Autumn Festival and other festivals can draw the attention of local residents, enable them to understand our traditions and share our cultural heritage with them.

4To present traditional Chinese festival culture to the world, we should depend on small but complete festival items. For instance, markers like festival ceremonies, activities, gifts, food, souvenirs and dolls should be meticulously polished and designed to turn intangible non-material culture into enjoyable and tangible material carriers. Only such festival items can move people. For example, the roses on Valentine's Day, the fried thin paste on Chinese Valentine's Day and the moon cakes in the Mid-Autumn Festival all have their tastes and implications. In the meanwhile, we can also learn from the festival folk customs created by East Asian countries and overseas Chinese, enrich and expand the contents of our traditional festival customs, enable traditional festivals to further meet the demand of globalization, get closer to human nature and better serve families and society.

Reading Check

Ⅰ. Choose the best answers according to the text

Ⅱ. Discussion

Do you agree on the significance of traditional Chinese festivals in the text? What's your understanding of the significance of traditional Chinese festivals?

_________________________________________________

Language Study

Complete the following phrases according to the text

1. 中秋節the____________Festival

2. 關于with____________to

3. 民間習俗____________customs

4. 慶祝豐收celebrate the____________

5. 強調lay____________on

6. 人際關系____________relationships

7. 文化身份cultural____________

8. 依靠；取決于____________on

主題應用·語庫構建

Ⅰ. 熱詞積累

傳統節日

Chinese New Year/the Spring Festival春節

New Year's Eve 除夕

the Little New Year 小年

the Lantern Festival 元宵節

Tomb-Sweeping Day/the Qingming Festival清明節

the Dragon Boat Festival 端午節

the Mid-Autumn Festival 中秋節

the Double Seventh Festival/the Qixi

Festival 七夕

the Double Ninth Festival 重陽節

the Laba Festival 臘八節

文化習俗

ceremony 典禮；儀式

celebration 慶典；慶祝活動

paper cutting 剪紙

Chinese knotting 中國結

hold a variety of activities 舉辦各種各樣的活動

do the Spring Festival shopping 置辦年貨

paste the Spring Festival couplets 貼春聯

paste the Chinese character “fu” 貼“福”字

offer sacrifices to the God of Stove 祭灶

offer sacrifices to one's ancestors 祭祖

worship the God of Wealth 拜財神

get rid of the ill-fortune 去晦氣

sweep the dust 掃塵

bid farewell to the old year 辭舊歲

have a haircut 理發

wear new clothes 穿新衣

make dumplings 包水餃

have/enjoy the family reunion dinner 吃團圓飯

watch a display of fireworks 觀看煙火表演

set/let off fire crackers 放鞭炮

watch/enjoy the Spring Festival Gala 看春晚

hand out red envelopes 發紅包

give lucky money 發壓歲錢

go to the temple fair 逛廟會

guess lantern riddles 猜燈謎

pay a New Year's visit 拜年

send New Year's greeting cards 送新年賀卡

exchange gifts 交換禮物

enjoy the full moon together 一起賞月

watch the dragon boat race 觀看龍舟比賽

Ⅱ. 美句背誦

1. The Spring Festival is the most important festival for Chinese people and it is when all family members get together,just like Christmas in the West. 春節對中國人來說是最重要的節日， 也是所有家庭成員聚在一起的時刻， 就像西方的圣誕節一樣。

2. The Spring Festival is a time for family reunion. It's a “must” for all of the family members to get together for the reunion dinner. People usually enjoy some traditional dishes at the reunion dinner. 春節是與家人團聚的時刻。 所有家庭成員都“必須”聚在一起吃團圓飯。 團圓飯通常是吃一些中國的傳統菜肴。

3. People will usually decorate their doors and windows with red paper cutting because red means good luck. They usually clean their houses too,because they want to sweep away any bad luck. 人們通常會用紅色剪紙裝飾門窗， 因為紅色代表好運。他們還會進行大掃除，因為他們想把霉運一掃而光。

4. The Lantern Festival is on the 15th day after the Chinese New Year in the first lunar month, normally in the middle or at the end of February. 元宵節是在農歷第一個月的中國新年后的第15天，通常是在二月中旬或二月底。

5. People write riddles on the lanterns for passers-by to figure out. There are many kinds of riddles and most of them are connected with Chinese culture,referring to customs, historical events or Chinese literary works. 人們在燈籠上寫謎語讓過路的人猜。謎語的種類很多，大多與中國文化有關，涉及風俗習慣、歷史事件或中國文學作品。

6. The Qingming Festival is one of the traditional Chinese festivals, which is not only a seasonal point to guide farm work but also a festival of commemoration.清明節是中國傳統節日之一， 不僅是指導農作的季節性時間點， 也是一個紀念節日。

7. The Duanwu Festival is on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, so it is commonly known as the Double Fifth Festival or the Dragon Boat Festival. 端午節是在農歷五月初五， 所以它通常被稱為重午節或龍舟節。

8. Zongzi is one of the traditional festival foods of the Chinese nation. Chinese have the custom of eating zongzi on the Dragon Boat Festival. 粽子是一種中華民族的傳統節日食物。 中國人有在端午節吃粽子的習俗。

9. The Double Seventh Festival, on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month, is a traditional festival full of romance. 七夕，即每年農歷七月初七，是一個充滿浪漫氣息的傳統節日。

10. Moon cakes are one of the most famous traditional cakes in China and it is a custom to eat moon cakes during the Mid-Autumn Festival. 月餅是中國最有名的傳統糕點之一， 中秋節吃月餅是一種習俗。

11. What we love most is the time when we enjoy the full moon together.With the beautiful moon up in the sky, we sit together and eat moon cakes, sharing our stories. 我們最喜歡的是我們一起賞月的時光。美麗的月亮掛在天空中，我們坐在一起吃月餅，分享我們的故事。

12. In recent times, the Double Ninth Festival has become an occasion to pay respect to the old. 到了近代，重陽節這一傳統節日成了敬老的佳節。

Ⅲ. 讀后創寫

假定你是校學生會主席， 新年即將到來， 為了幫助你校的外國學生更好地了解中國文化， 學生會將為他們舉辦一個新年晚會。請根據以下提示，給外國學生擬一份口頭通知。

1. 時間和地點；

2. 晚會內容。

注意：

1. 詞數80左右；

2. 可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。

Good afternoon, every one._________

Ⅳ. 主題測評

見P47～P57自測園地“節日，多彩的文化”內容