法國中央理工高等電力學院，薩克雷，法國

大都會建筑事務所

在一個私有化的時代，城市正面臨著重大的挑戰：對公共領域的投資越來越依賴私人資產。由于這種對集體協議的重組，建筑的作用往往局限于只注重形狀和表面的視覺影響，而缺乏對新的教育、社會和公民層面的貢獻。巴黎中央理工學院發起的新工程學校設計競賽成為探索如何應對這一嚴峻挑戰的絕佳機會。

實驗室的空間通常是線性的，一個被無數走廊分割的大盒子。這種建筑類型在城市環境中形成了“黑幕”——由于它功能極度的孤立性和內部性，建筑成為一面巨大的墻。其實我們可以將實驗室設想為開放平面網格中獨立模塊的集合，在這種情況下，城市可以容納無盡的功能模塊及活動。這種方法為不斷變化的需求提供了穩定的框架，功能可以根據需要重組或加強。

這種重構意味著自由制定新的學習方式，在密集知識領域內促進社區構建、多元化和人群的多樣性，同時確保工程學院作為教育孵化器的純粹運作。OMA的設計將城市主義與學校相結合，取代了原先校園的同質化體驗。

“城市實驗室”的概念由此而來。它產生了一種開放城市學校，結構框架下的創造性無序。通過構建一條斜切“城市實驗室”的主街，建筑體驗與周圍環境之間可以無縫銜接，在未來的社區中心與地鐵站之間提供一條便捷的公共路線。圍繞著這條主干道，項目的功能分布在不同類型和不同規模的建筑中，在城市網格的次要街道上排布。獨特的輕質屋頂覆蓋了整個建筑群，在不同建筑之間建立強有力的聯系，使“外部”的過渡空間隨時可以自由使用。□（龐凌波 譯）

In an era of privatization, cities are facing a major challenge: investment in the public domain depends increasingly on the private sector. As a result of this reframing of the collective agreement, the role of architecture is often reduced to the visual impact of its shape and surface rather than contributing to a new educational, social and civic dimension. The competition launched by the Ecole Centrale Paris for the design of a new engineering school has become the perfect opportunity to explore ways to answer this demanding challenge.

Laboratories are typically planned as linear buildings, a large box divided by endless corridors. Such a typology creates a "blackout"of the urban conditions; the building becomes a gigantic wall due to its extremely isolated and internalised programmes. We can instead imagine laboratories as a collection of discreet parcels in an open plan grid; in this way, a city can accommodate endless configurations of programmes and activities. This method provides a stable framework for constantly changing requirements; the program may be reconfigured or intensified as necessary.

This re-contextualisation implies freedom to formulate new types of learning styles that promote community, plurality and diversity of the population within a dense field of knowledge,while ensuring the pure operation of the engineering school as an educational incubator.OMA's design integrates urbanism with the school, supplanting the previous homogeneous experience of the campus.

1 主街入口Entrance of the main street

2 總平面Site plan

3 首層平面Ground floor plan

4 二層平面First floor plan

5 三層平面Second floor plan

Thus, the concept of a Lab City was formed.The architecture of the Lab City generates an open urban school, with creative disorder framed under a structural skeleton. By creating a main street, cutting diagonally across the Lab City, the design allows a seamless experience between the building and its surroundings,providing a convenient public route between the future heart of the neighbourhood and thefuture subway station. Around this urban spine,the program is spread in different buildings of various typologies and sizes, organised on an urban grid served by secondary streets. A unique lightweight roof covering the entire complex completes the scheme by creating a strong link between the different buildings and allowing"external" protected spaces to be used freely all year long.□

6 四層平面Third floor plan

7 二層室內Interior view of L1

8 立面Fa?ade

9 三層開放空間Open space in L2

10 報告廳Auditorium

11 首層大廳Main hall in L0