榜鵝濱水露臺住宅，新加坡

G8A建筑與城市規(guī)劃事務(wù)所

客戶：建屋發(fā)展局（HDB）

主創(chuàng)建筑師：G8A Architecture &Urban Planning | Grégoire Du Pasquier,Manuel der Hagopian

設(shè)計團(tuán)隊：G8A Architecture &Urban Planning | Laurence Savy,Guillaume Desormeaux,Kien Nguyen,Armand Devillard

合作：Aedas Pte Ltd

土木結(jié)構(gòu)工程：Beca Carter Holling &Ferner (SE asia) Pte Ltd

工料測量：Davis Langdon &Seah Singapore Pte Ltd

景觀：ICN Design International Pte Ltd

總建筑面積：255,000m2

造價：2.65億USD

設(shè)計時間：2009-2015

攝影：Patrick Bingham-Hall,Darren Soh

Client:Housing Development Board(HDB)

Principal Architect:G8A Architecture &Urban Planning | Grégoire Du Pasquier,Manuel der Hagopian

Design Team:G8A Architecture &Urban Planning | Laurence Savy,Guillaume Desormeaux,Kien Nguyen and Armand Devillard

Collaborators:Aedas Pte Ltd

Civil &Structure Engineering:Beca Carter Holling &Ferner (SE asia) Pte Ltd Quantity Surveying:Davis Langdon &Seah Singapore Pte Ltd

Landscape:ICN Design International Pte Ltd

GFA:255,000 m2

Cost:265M USD

Design Period:2009–2015

Photos:Patrick Bingham-Hall,Darren Soh

榜鵝濱水露臺住宅在展望未來的同時也回顧了過去，勾勒出21 世紀(jì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的集合住宅的藍(lán)圖，并標(biāo)志著新加坡社區(qū)自豪感和身份認(rèn)同感的回歸。

原先的SIT 公共住宅是當(dāng)代簡潔的現(xiàn)代主義風(fēng)格適應(yīng)熱帶氣候的改造，由于它們的設(shè)計遠(yuǎn)早于空調(diào)的出現(xiàn)，這些公寓需要穿堂風(fēng)，需要懸挑結(jié)構(gòu)遮陽，朝向應(yīng)避免下午的日曬。1970 年代初當(dāng)?shù)谝慌笠?guī)模的組屋在皇后鎮(zhèn)建成時，那種 “熱帶現(xiàn)代主義”的建筑混合風(fēng)格象征著一個新的獨立的新加坡。

隨著新加坡經(jīng)濟(jì)的日益繁榮，以及全球建筑潮流的更迭，那些帶有英雄色彩的熱帶現(xiàn)代主義形式悄然消失。取而代之的是一種渴望彰顯新加坡世界性的建筑，但設(shè)計卻愈加平庸，許多開發(fā)項目不利社區(qū)交往和發(fā)展，而且結(jié)構(gòu)不適合熱帶氣候、不可持續(xù)。然而，面對全球變暖和社區(qū)身份的喪失，熱帶現(xiàn)代主義設(shè)計的原則和精神得以回歸，特別是在公共住房領(lǐng)域。

濱水露臺住宅純粹的體量和基本的設(shè)計元素顯而易見，明確回應(yīng)了21 世紀(jì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的要求，同時呈現(xiàn)給公眾和居民一種令人愉快的高密度的城市生活方式。

矩陣式的規(guī)劃策略提供了被動的氣候控制——穿堂風(fēng)和遮陽——同時最大限度地使公寓朝向?qū)龅匾环譃槎乃馈Ｔ谙噙B的六邊形平面上，街區(qū)的“手臂”面向水道，露臺如梯田般層層跌落，因此所有居民都享有良好的景觀視野，并體驗到與鄰里的聯(lián)系。起伏的“朱麗葉”陽臺為公寓遮陽擋雨，成為裝飾性的遮陽裝置。

連續(xù)的無盡的走廊貫穿住宅兩個區(qū)域的每一個樓層，經(jīng)由巧妙的規(guī)劃布局，內(nèi)廊式的走廊有利于穿堂風(fēng)和垂直通風(fēng)，并沒有阻礙公寓空氣的流通。六邊形的街區(qū)規(guī)劃，使3 條走廊與電梯核心區(qū)成120°角，服務(wù)3 個方向的公寓。每間公寓都能通過電梯核心的通風(fēng)通道和插入組群之間的空隙獲得直接通風(fēng)。

被動式熱帶設(shè)計的基本原則被創(chuàng)造性地重新調(diào)整，并在大體量的建筑中表現(xiàn)出來。同時，與環(huán)境相協(xié)調(diào)的規(guī)劃和體量以適宜的人體尺度重塑了社區(qū)認(rèn)同感。濱水露臺住宅是零能耗集合住宅的先驅(qū)，對亞洲城市的持續(xù)發(fā)展具有重要意義。□（項琳斐 譯）

Looking to the future whilst looking back to the past,the Punggol Waterway Terraces form a blue-print for 21st century sustainable mass housing and mark a return to Singapore's original ethos of community pride and identity.

The original SIT public housing blocks were tropical adaptations of contemporary clean-lined modernism.As they were designed well before the advent of airconditioning,the apartments required cross-ventilation,they were shaded by overhangs,and were orientated to avoid the heat of the afternoon sun.When the first large-scale HDB blocks were built in Queenstown in the early 1970s,that "tropical-necessity modernistdesign" architectural hybrid symbolised a newly independent Singapore.

As Singapore grew more affluent and as global architectural fashions changed,those heroic tropical-modernist forms were to quietly disappear.They were replaced by an architecture that itched to assert Singapore's worldliness,but the designs became increasingly generic,many of the developments were implicitly anti-social,and the structures were unsustainably non-tropical.However,in the face of global warming and the loss of community identity,the pendulum has swung back to the principles and the spirit of tropical-modernist design,especially in the field of public housing.

The sheer mass and the fundamental design elements of the Waterway Terraces are not hidden,they instead are presented to the public and the residents as an unequivocal response to the 21st century requirements for a sustainable,yet enjoyable,high-density urban lifestyle.

1 俯瞰全景Aerial view

2 外景Exterior view

A matrix of planning strategies provides passive climatic control– cross ventilation and shading from the sun– whilst maximising the orientation of the apartments towards the waterway that bisects the site.Set upon linked hexagonal plans,the "arms" of the blocks step down to the waterway as terraces,so all the residents have a direct experiential connection with the landscape and with their neighbourhood.The apartments are shielded from the heat and the rain by undulating ribbons of "Juliet" balconies,which perform as decorative sun-shading devices.

A continuous no-dead-end corridor runs the length of every floor in each of the two sectors,and by virtue of an ingenious planning manoeuvre,the double-loaded corridors actually facilitate cross-ventilation and vertical cooling,instead of blocking the airflow to the apartments.Due to the hexagonal block plans,three corridors are angled at 120 degrees from the lift cores to serve apartments grouped in threes.Each apartment is directly ventilated by the lift-core breezeways and by voids inserted between the groupings.

The fundamental principles of passive tropical design have been inventively recalibrated and then expressed at a monumental scale,whilst the contextually-attuned planning and massing have reintroduced a sense of communal identity at a human scale.Waterway Terraces is a genuine precursor to the zero-energy mass housing that will be essential for the continued growth of Asia's cities.□

3 鳥瞰Aerial view

4 剖面Section

5 外景Exterior views

6 外景Exterior views

7 首層平面Ground floor plan

8 綠化景觀Green landscape

9 立面局部Fa?ade detail

10 通風(fēng)通道Breezeway

11 平面示意Floor plan

12 入口Entrance