2023年高考熱門主題語境11：環(huán)境保護

四川 蔣建平

一、素材積累

Ⅰ.核心單詞

1.ecosystemn.生態(tài)系統(tǒng)

2.smogn.煙霧smoggyadj.煙霧彌漫的

3.poisonn.毒；毒藥poisonousadj.有毒的

4.hazen.霧霾；薄霧

5.pollutev.污染pollutantn.污染物pollutionn.污染

6.buryv.埋葬burialn.埋葬；葬禮

7.landfilln.廢物填埋地

8.preservev.保存；保護n.保護區(qū)preservationn.保存；保留；保護

9.renewableadj.可再生的renewv.更新；重申；重新開始

10.sortv.把……分類n.種類；排序

11.atmospheren.大氣；大氣層

12.economizev.節(jié)??；節(jié)約economyn.經(jīng)濟；節(jié)約economicadj.經(jīng)濟學的；經(jīng)濟的

13.desertificationn.沙漠化desertn.沙漠；荒漠v.拋棄；舍棄desertedadj.被遺棄的；無人居住的；被舍棄的

14.deforestationn.濫伐森林deforestv.砍掉（某地）的樹林

15.overdevelopv.過度開發(fā)

16.emissionn.排放物；散發(fā)物

17.challengen.&v.挑戰(zhàn)challengingadj.挑戰(zhàn)性的；挑釁的

18.environment-friendly/environmentally friendlyadj.環(huán)保的

19.decreasevi.減少

20.declinevi.降低；下降

21.radiationn.輻射；放射線

Ⅱ.高頻短語

1.greenhouse effect 溫室效應

2.global warming 全球變暖

3.ecological balance 生態(tài)平衡

4.under threat 受到威脅

5.on the brink of extinction 瀕臨滅絕

6.be economical with 節(jié)約……

7.bring...under control 把……控制住

8.go green 生產(chǎn)/使用綠色產(chǎn)品

9.fight against 與……作斗爭

10.bring about 導致；引起

11.bring...to extinction 使……滅絕

12.raise awareness of 提高……的意識

13.put sth at the risk of 使某物面臨……的危險

14.call on/call for/appeal to sb to do sth 呼吁某人做某事

15.prevent/stop/keep sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事

16.lead/live a low-carbon lifestyle 采用低碳的生活方式

17.make full use of/make the best of/take full advantage of 充分利用

Ⅲ.靚句積累

1.only置于句首引導倒裝句

Only by combining these solutions can traffic pressure be relieved.只有將這些解決方案結合起來，才能緩解交通壓力。

2. There be no doubt that... 毫無疑問的是……

There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming.毫無疑問，地球在變暖，而全球變暖正是人類活動導致的。

3.強調(diào)句型

It is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide.正是越來越多的化石燃料的燃燒導致了二氧化碳的增加。

4.as long as引導條件狀語從句

As long as we can make a contribution to protecting the earth, we can create a beautiful environment.只要我們能為保護地球做出貢獻，我們就能創(chuàng)造一個美麗的環(huán)境。

5.it作形式主語

It is urgent to raise people's awareness of environmental protection.當務之急是提高人們的環(huán)保意識。

二、續(xù)寫金句

1. The dark, the rainy evening, the wind and the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power; it was the first time in a year and a half that I'd seen the night face to face.漆黑的夜，風雨交加，電閃雷鳴，我全然被這種力量鎮(zhèn)住了，這是我一年半以來第一次直面這樣的夜晚。

2. At one point, we were so high that we found ourselves cycling through clouds.在某一刻，我們騎行得如此之高，以至于我們發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在云中穿梭。

3.By three o'clock,the rain had stopped and the sky was a curdled gray burdened with lumps of clouds. A cool breeze blew through the park.三點了，雨停了，銀灰色的天空陰云密布，一陣寒風吹過公園。

4. The clouds over the land now rose like mountains and the coast was only a long green line with the gray blue hills behind it. The water was a dark blue now, so dark that it was almost purple.陸地上空的云朵像山一樣升起，海岸線只是一條長長的綠線，它背后是些青灰色的小山。海水此刻呈深藍色，深得簡直發(fā)紫。

5. The sun rose thinly from the sea and the old man could see the other boats,low on the water and well in towards the shore, spread out across the current. Then the sun was brighter and the glare came on the water and then, as it rose clear, the flat sea sent it back to his eyes so that it hurt sharply and he rowed without looking into it. 太陽慵懶地從海面上爬出來，老人看見低貼水面、離岸不遠的漁船橫穿洋流四散開去。緊接著太陽更加明亮了，水面上閃爍著刺眼的光芒。隨后太陽從海平面上完全跳躍出來，平坦的海面上反射的光射進他的眼睛里，刺痛了他的雙眼，他只顧劃船，不朝太陽看。

三、主題測評

Ⅰ.完形填空

體裁：記敘文 篇幅：257詞

建議用時：7分鐘 來源：改編

新穎度：★★★★

素養(yǎng)視角：野生動物保護

I'd planned to spend my weekend in the sun, enjoying flowers outdoors. But that was 1 the pair of disgusting crows (烏鴉) arrived. Out of nowhere, they had set up their base 2 in our backyard.

We first 3 our feathered enemies on Friday morning. It was early, and the sound the birds made 4 through our neighborhood. I figured they would 5 soon. But, no. They were getting louder and probably 6 my neighbors nearly as much as us with the noise. I admitted I got a little 7 .

Then, on Sunday afternoon, I saw our dog Quatchi staring at something on the ground. I went to 8 and found a small coal-black bird in the grass. Its eyes were milky, and it stayed perfectly 9 as my dog walked towards it.

Only when Quatchi 10 its head with his nose did it walk away. I 11 the dog inside and came back with my camera.

It never occurred to me that the young would be hanging out on the ground,growing and gaining 12 as its parents guarded it from above. The second I saw this little creature I 13 the crows.

To be honest, I've never been much of a bird person. And I wish they'd chosen another backyard. But I'm also 14 that I got to see this little bit of nature unfold up close.It's pretty amazing.

The experience has also 15 my desire to create a beautiful backyard garden that attracts lots of bees, butterflies,and yes,birds.They are welcome here.

1.A.after B.when

C.until D.before

2.A.organization B.camp

C.business D.trap

3.A.accepted B.beat

C.discovered D.invited

4.A.traveled B.flew

C.ran D.flowed

5.A.sing B.fight

C.fall down D.quiet down

6.A.attracting B.annoying

C.frightening D.amusing

7.A.excited B.amazed

C.curious D.desperate

8.A.wander B.defend

C.explore D.assist

9.A.cold B.enthusiastic

C.still D.friendly

10.A.touched B.threw

C.pointed D.connected

11.A.awarded B.locked

C.praised D.fed

12.A.strength B.pity

C.advantage D.freedom

13.A.hated B.respected

C.admired D.forgave

14.A.sad B.grateful

C.painful D.scared

15.A.discouraged B.ensured

C.strengthened D.proved

Ⅱ.語法填空

體裁：說明文 篇幅：202詞

建議用時：7分鐘 來源：改編

新穎度：★★★★

素養(yǎng)視角：海洋塑料污染

Plastic pollution at sea is reaching 1.________(worry) levels. According to a review of hundreds of 2.________(academy) studies, it will continue to grow even if significant action is taken now 3.________(stop) such waste from reaching the world's oceans. The review by Germany's Alfred Wegener Institute examined almost 2,600 research 4.________(paper) on the topic to provide an overview ahead of a United Nations meeting later this month.

As plastic breaks down into smaller pieces, it also enters the marine food chain,taken in by sea creatures from whales to turtles. What's worse, some regions already contain dangerous levels of plastic, and others risk becoming 5.________(increasing) polluted in the future. Getting that plastic out of the water again is nearly impossible, 6.________policymakers should focus on preventing any more of it entering the oceans in 7.________first place. Matthew MacLeod, a professor of environmental science at Stockholm University,8.________(involve) in a separate study not long ago, 9.________also concluded effective measures are required immediately because of the possible global impacts.

While consumers can help reduce plastic pollution by changing their behavior, governments have to step up and accept every 10.________(responsible) for solving the problem. It's a global problem and it needs global solutions.

Ⅲ.書面表達

體裁：說明文

命題形式：半開放性作文

建議用時：16分鐘

來源：改編

新穎度：★★★★

素養(yǎng)視角：環(huán)境保護

目前，環(huán)境保護已成為人們極為關心的問題。假定你受邀向國際中學生環(huán)境保護論壇的征稿活動投稿，請你根據(jù)以下提示，用英語寫一篇應征短文。

1.目前的環(huán)境狀況；

2.產(chǎn)生環(huán)境污染的原因及其影響；

3.保護環(huán)境的辦法。

注意：

1.詞數(shù)80左右；

2.可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

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