伊拉斯姆斯大學蘭格威爾德大樓

荷蘭鹿特丹

設計單位：保羅·德·魯特建筑師事務所

項目主管：abcnova

主承包商：BAM Bouw en Techniek

結構工程：BAM Advies en Engineering

面積： 8 748平方米

項目年份： 2022年

攝影：Aiste Rakauskaite

Architects： Paul de Ruiter Architects

Project Management： abcnova

Main Contractor： BAM Bouw en Techniek

Structural Engineering： BAM Advies en Engineering

Area： 8 748 m?

Year： 2022

Photographs： Aiste Rakauskaite

鹿特丹伊拉斯姆斯大學（EUR）的蘭格威爾德大樓是世界上最具可持續性特點的教育類建筑之一，被授予了BREEAM杰出證書。該正能量建筑是由保羅·德·魯特建筑師事務所設計，利用風能、光能和地熱能為大樓運轉提供能量。

大自然賦能：設計者通過智能且完整的設計策略，為這棟全新的教育類建筑提供正向的能量。為了實現這一目標，他們采用了全新的、革命性的自然通風原理——依靠風能和太陽能運行。南立面上的兩個太陽能煙囪構成了一個垂直的豎井，建筑中部溫暖的空氣在豎井中進一步升溫，并產生上升的氣流。在這些豎井的頂部，機翼型的文丘里屋頂使風速提高，在太陽能煙囪上產生了更大的壓吸力。這些力將新鮮空氣吸入另一個豎井內，在這個充滿新鮮空氣的豎井頂部，安裝有冷水噴淋設施使空氣在豎井中下降，從而使新鮮空氣在建筑中能夠循環流動。這種由自然驅動的空氣循環系統能夠比傳統通風系統減少85%的能源使用，同時提供了更多的新鮮空氣。這種方法確保了該多功能建筑能夠保持宜人的室內氣候。夏天時熱量被儲存在地下深處以供冬季取暖；冬天時的寒氣也被儲存在地下以供夏季降溫。這種對能量的長期儲存更進一步降低了能耗。屋頂的太陽能電池板也保證了建筑中能量的正向轉化。

建筑與自然的結合：建筑的透明外立面與周圍校園產生了自然的聯系，使日光能夠深入到建筑內部。大量綠色植物和木材的使用——包括由真實樹干支撐的中庭結構，打造了一個溫暖而令人愉悅的空間，人們在其中能夠享受來自自然的新鮮空氣。建筑中的一個特色是中庭中木質樹屋組成的綠色學習環境。通過親近自然和生物的設計，將大自然引入室內，這樣，創造了一個關懷學生福祉、有益身心健康的環境。

循環的教育建筑：這棟全新的大學建筑使用了循環的建造方式。這意味著盡可能多地使用了回收材料。設計團隊使用了來自其他建筑物拆除的材料，其中大部分都是生物基的。新教學樓中使用的所有材料都被做了標識，并記錄在數字材料庫中，這個數字材料庫將為未來對潛在材料的再利用提供參考和依據。這項舉措也成功地為該建筑贏得了BREEAM杰出認證。根據世界領先的可持續性評估標準，在荷蘭只有不到1%的建筑能夠獲得這一頂級資質。

The Langeveld building of Erasmus University Rotterdam （EUR） is one of the most sustainable educational buildings in the world with a BREEAM outstanding certificate. This building， designed by Paul de Ruiter Architects and executed by BAM Bouw en Techniek is energy positive and runs on the wind， sun， and earth.

Powered by nature： Through a smart and integral design strategy， the new educational building is energy-positive. To achieve this， a revolutionary new natural ventilation principle has been applied， which runs on wind and solar energy. The two solar chimneys on the south fa?ade create a vertical shaft in which the warm waist air will heat up even further creating an upward draft. On top of these shafts， a venturi roof， aircraft-winged shape， forces the wind to accelerate and therefore creates pressure sucking even harder on the solar chimneys. These forces pull fresh air into another vertical shaft. On top of this fresh air shaft， a cold-water shower forces the air to drop down in the shaft creating a constant fresh flow of air in the building. This naturally driven system uses 85% less energy than a traditional ventilation system while providing much more fresh air than is usual in buildings. This ensures a pleasant indoor climate for the multifunctional building. The heat in de summer gets stored in the deep earth to be used to heat in the winter and in de winter the cold air gets stored in the earth to cool in summer. This long-term storage even further reduces energy. The solar cells on the roof make the building energy-positive.

Architecture meets nature： The buildings transparent facades create a natural connection with the surrounding campus and allow daylight to penetrate deep into the building. Lots of greenery and wooden detailing， including the atrium construction made of real wooden tree trunks， create a warm， pleasant experience and natural fresh air. A characteristic feature is the green study environment and the wooden tree house in the atrium. By using a biophilic design， nature is brought inside. This way the university is creating an environment that contributes to the well-being and health of the students.

Circular educational building： The new university building is circular in construction. This means that as much as possible recycled materials have been used. Demolition materials from other buildings are reused， and the material used are biobased. All the materials of the building used in the new educational building have been given an identity which is recorded in a digital material passport. This passport will give inside the future material potential for reuse. This has resulted in a BREEAM- outstanding certification. Only less than 1% of buildings in the Netherlands have this top qualification according to the worlds leading sustainability assessment method.