



[摘要] 目的 探討晚期膝關(guān)節(jié)骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎(KOA)病人血清尿酸水平與性別、年齡的關(guān)系。
方法 以2020年于青島大學(xué)附屬醫(yī)院骨科中心行全膝關(guān)節(jié)置換手術(shù)的1 484例KOA病人作為研究對(duì)象(男372例,女1 112例;年齡40~89歲,平均(66.76±6.52)歲),記錄其術(shù)前空腹12 h的血清尿酸值,分析不同年齡、性別病人血清尿酸水平的差異。
結(jié)果 女性病人人數(shù)約為男性病人的3倍。男性病人血清尿酸水平顯著高于女性病人(t=9.705,P<0.05)。50~79歲女性病人占女性晚期KOA病人總數(shù)的96.58%,其中以60~69歲年齡段人數(shù)占比最高。50~59歲、60~69歲、70~79歲3個(gè)年齡段女性病人的血清尿酸水平與40~49歲年齡段病人相比均明顯增高,差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(F=4.553,q=4.597~5.116,P<0.05)。男性病人也以60~69歲年齡段人數(shù)占比最高,但各年齡段病人血清尿酸水平變化不明顯,且有隨年齡增長(zhǎng)下降的趨勢(shì)。
結(jié)論 在女性晚期KOA病人中,患病人數(shù)占比較高年齡段的病人血清尿酸水平顯著升高,血清尿酸水平可能與女性晚期KOA有關(guān)。
[關(guān)鍵詞] 骨關(guān)節(jié)炎,膝;尿酸;性別因素;年齡因素
[中圖分類(lèi)號(hào)] R684.3
[文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼] A
[文章編號(hào)] 2096-5532(2023)01-0051-04
doi:10.11712/jms.2096-5532.2023.59.042
[網(wǎng)絡(luò)出版] https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/37.1517.r.20230308.1034.004.html;2023-03-10 14:19:25
ASSOCIATION OF SERUM URIC ACID LEVEL WITH SEX AND AGE IN PATIENTS WITH ADVANCED KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS
PENG Haining, CHEN Renjie, REN Zhongkai, ZHANG Yi, WAN Qi, YU Tengbo
(Department of Sports Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266100, China)
; [ABSTRACT] "Objective "To investigate the association of serum uric acid (UA) level with sex and age in patients with advanced knee osteoarthritis (KOA).
Methods "A total of 1 484 patients with KOA who received total knee arthroplasty in Orthopaedic Center of The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University in 2020 were enrolled as subjects, among whom there were 372 male patients and 1 112 female patients, aged 40-89 years (mean age: 66.76±6.52 years). Serum UA level was recorded after 12 hours of fasting before surgery and was compared between the patients with different ages and sexes.
Results "The number of the female patients was about three times that of the male patients. The male patients had a significantly higher serum UA level than the female patients (t=9.705,Plt;0.05). The female patients aged 50-79 years accounted for 96.58% of the female patients with advanced KOA, among whom the patients aged 60-69 years accounted for the highest proportion. The female patients aged 50-59, 60-69, and 70-79 years had a significantly higher serum UA level than those aged 40-49 years (F=4.553,q=4.597-5.116,Plt;0.05). As for the male patients, those aged 60-69 years accounted for the highest proportion; there was no significant difference in serum UA level between the patients of different ages, and serum UA level tended to decrease with age.
Conclusion
Among female patients with advanced KOA, the age group accounting for a high proportion has a significant increase in serum UA level, suggesting that serum UA level may be associated with advanced KOA in female patients.
[KEY WORDS] "osteoarthritis, knee; uric acid; sex factors; age factors
膝關(guān)節(jié)骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎(KOA),45歲以上患病率可達(dá)44.7%,男性60歲以上發(fā)病率約為10%,女性約為13%[1-2]。晚期KOA唯一有效的治療方式為全膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)[3]。血液中尿酸(UA)的代謝紊亂常會(huì)導(dǎo)致高尿酸血癥(HUA),引起尿酸單晶體鈉(MSU)水平增高,導(dǎo)致關(guān)節(jié)炎等疾病[4-6]。MSU增加導(dǎo)致降解軟骨細(xì)胞外基質(zhì)的酶生成增多;同時(shí)MSU可以劑量依賴性方式抑制人類(lèi)軟骨細(xì)胞的功能[7]。血清UA水平升高引起MSU沉積會(huì)導(dǎo)致白細(xì)胞介素1β(IL-1β)產(chǎn)生,惡化已退化的關(guān)節(jié)內(nèi)環(huán)境[4,8]。因此,血清UA異常升高可能加速KOA的病程。本研究通過(guò)分析2020年于青島大學(xué)附屬醫(yī)院行全膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)的1 484例KOA病人的數(shù)據(jù),
探討晚期KOA病人血清UA水平與性別、年齡的關(guān)系,了解血清UA水平與晚期KOA的關(guān)系?,F(xiàn)將結(jié)果報(bào)告如下。
1 資料與方法
1.1 一般資料
選取2020年于青島大學(xué)附屬醫(yī)院骨科中心行全膝關(guān)節(jié)置換手術(shù)的KOA病人1 484例,其中男性372例,女性1 112例;年齡40~89歲,平均(66.76±6.52)歲;Kellgren-Lawrence分級(jí)為Ⅱ~Ⅳ級(jí)。排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn):①年齡小于40歲或者大于90歲;②有痛風(fēng)病史或診斷為痛風(fēng)性關(guān)節(jié)炎;③合并其他膝關(guān)節(jié)疾病,如類(lèi)風(fēng)濕性關(guān)節(jié)炎、強(qiáng)直性脊柱炎合并骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎、創(chuàng)傷性關(guān)節(jié)炎等;④有下肢功能障礙,無(wú)法測(cè)量身高、體質(zhì)量等基本身體數(shù)據(jù);⑤未進(jìn)行術(shù)前血清UA指標(biāo)檢測(cè)。本研究經(jīng)青島大學(xué)附屬醫(yī)院醫(yī)學(xué)與倫理委員會(huì)審議通過(guò)(倫理批件號(hào)為QYFYWZLL-26697),所有研究對(duì)象均對(duì)本研究知情同意并簽署知情同意書(shū)。
1.2 資料采集
采集所有病人的年齡、性別等基本信息,并收集病人禁食12 h后手術(shù)前檢測(cè)的血清UA值(每例病人收集1次檢測(cè)結(jié)果)。
1.3 統(tǒng)計(jì)分析
采用GraphPad Prism 7.0軟件進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)分析及繪圖。計(jì)數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)用例數(shù)和百分比表示。計(jì)量數(shù)據(jù)以±s表示,兩組比較采用獨(dú)立樣本t檢驗(yàn);性別和年齡對(duì)病人血清UA水平的影響分析采用兩因素析因設(shè)計(jì)方差分析,采用Tukey檢驗(yàn)進(jìn)行多重比較。P<0.05認(rèn)為差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
2 結(jié)" 果
2.1 受試者基本特征
本研究共納入1 484例年齡范圍在40~89歲的KOA病人,按照每10歲1個(gè)階段分為5個(gè)年齡段,其基本特征見(jiàn)表1。
2.2 血清UA水平的性別差異
在所有研究對(duì)象中,女性病人占比為74.93%(1 112/1 484),男性病人的占比為25.07%(372/1 484),女性病人人數(shù)約為男性病人的3倍。男性、女性病人的血清UA水平分別為(363.7±80.6)、(317.8±78.4)μmol/L,男性病人血清UA水平顯著高于女性病人(t=9.705,P<0.05)。
2.3 性別和年齡對(duì)晚期KOA病人血清UA水平的影響
析因設(shè)計(jì)方差分析結(jié)果顯示,年齡(F=2.413,P<0.05)以及性別(F=26.430,P<0.01)對(duì)晚期KOA病人的血清UA水平均有顯著影響,且二者存在交互作用(F=4.684,P<0.01)。見(jiàn)圖1。
2.4 不同性別晚期KOA病人年齡對(duì)血清UA水平的影響
本文50~79歲女性病人占女性晚期KOA病人總數(shù)的96.58%,其中以60~69歲年齡段人數(shù)占比最高,為56.65%(630/1 112);男性病人也以60~69歲年齡段人數(shù)占比最高,為54.57%(203/372)。在女性晚期KOA病人中,析因設(shè)計(jì)方差分析單獨(dú)效應(yīng)結(jié)果顯示,年齡對(duì)于血清UA水平有顯著影響(F=4.553,P<0.01)。多重比較分析結(jié)果顯示,女性血清UA水平在40~49歲年齡段以后驟然升高,并且保持相對(duì)穩(wěn)定,在80~89歲年齡段開(kāi)始下降。50~59歲、60~69歲、70~79歲3個(gè)年齡段女性病人的血清UA水平與40~49歲年齡段病人相比較均明顯增高,差異均具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(q=4.597~5.116,P<0.05)。在男性晚期KOA病人中,析因設(shè)計(jì)方差分析單獨(dú)效應(yīng)結(jié)果顯示,血清UA水平在各個(gè)年齡段差異均無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(F=0.756,P>0.05),且血清UA水平隨年齡升高呈現(xiàn)緩慢下降的趨勢(shì)。見(jiàn)圖2、3。
3 討" 論
軟骨細(xì)胞數(shù)量減少和再生異常導(dǎo)致軟骨退化,最終發(fā)展為KOA[9-11]。有研究表明,血清UA水平升高可以導(dǎo)致多種炎癥性疾病,包括關(guān)節(jié)炎等[12-14]。炎癥導(dǎo)致的軟骨細(xì)胞凋亡在KOA發(fā)生和發(fā)展中具有重要的意義[15-16]。因此血清UA水平升高可能與KOA惡化程度有關(guān)。
文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道,骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎(OA)在女性病人中的發(fā)病率更高,而痛風(fēng)在絕經(jīng)前女性和生殖功能減退的男性中少見(jiàn)發(fā)?。?7-18]。提示OA和痛風(fēng)一樣,可能存在性激素的作用,即與雌激素水平有關(guān)[18-19]。本研究結(jié)果顯示,女性晚期KOA病人人數(shù)約為男性病人的3倍,男性晚期KOA病人血清UA水平高于女性病人。而且,隨年齡增加,女性晚期KOA病人血清UA水平逐漸增高,而男性病人血清UA水平則隨年齡增加呈下降趨勢(shì)。因此,我們推測(cè)絕經(jīng)前女性血清UA水平異常增高可能是OA出現(xiàn)的危險(xiǎn)信號(hào),而絕經(jīng)后女性高水平的血清UA可能是OA持續(xù)惡化的原因。對(duì)于男性而言,血清UA水平在正常生理情況下不會(huì)出現(xiàn)明顯的波動(dòng),本研究中男性病人血清UA水平與KOA亦未顯現(xiàn)出相關(guān)性。
本研究大樣本數(shù)據(jù)分析結(jié)果表明,在女性晚期KOA病人中,患病人數(shù)占比較高年齡段的病人血清UA水平顯著升高,血清UA水平可能與女性晚期KOA有關(guān),即血清UA水平的上升可能促進(jìn)女性病人KOA的進(jìn)展。提示血清UA水平可能是女性KOA病人的關(guān)鍵風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素和指示信號(hào),對(duì)血清UA水平較高的女性病人進(jìn)行降UA治療干預(yù)可能可以延緩KOA的進(jìn)展。但本研究未對(duì)KOA病人的嚴(yán)重程度進(jìn)行分級(jí),分析不同程度KOA病人血
清UA水平的差異,且未將KOA病人血清UA水平與正常人群進(jìn)行比較,今后的研究擬通過(guò)更加完善和嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)脑O(shè)計(jì),探討血清UA水平與KOA發(fā)展的關(guān)系。
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(本文編輯 馬偉平)