莫利內(nèi)特考古博物館，卡塔赫納，西班牙

Temperaturas Extremas建筑事務(wù)所 | 阿特旭·阿曼，安德烈斯·卡諾瓦斯，尼古拉斯·馬魯里

客戶：Cartagena Puerto de Culturas

設(shè)計團隊：Nacho álvarez-Monteserín,Javier Gutiérrez,Ana López,Pablo Sigüenza,Borja Aznar,Joachim Kraft,David Jiménez,Almudena Sánchez Buitrago,Denis Calle,Elena Gómez,Alexandra Torres de Ayala

承建商：Cartagena Puerto de Culturas

工料測量師：Antonio Pérez

施工團隊：UTE Cartajena Museo del Foro Romano

施工測量師：Andrés Canovas,Nicolás Marur

項目預算：831,722歐元

項目面積：1056m2

考古總監(jiān)：José Miguel Noguera

Celdrán,María José Madrid Balanza

修復保護總監(jiān)：Izaskun Martínez Péris

Client: Cartagena Puerto de Culturas

Team: Nacho álvarez-Monteserín,Javier Gutiérrez,Ana López,Pablo Sigüenza,Borja Aznar,Joachim Kraft,David Jiménez,Almudena Sánchez Buitrago,Denis Calle,Elena Gómez,Alexandra Torres de Ayala

Promoter: Cartagena Puerto de Culturas Quantity Surveyor: Antonio Pérez

Construction: UTE Cartajena Museo del Foro Romano

Construction Surveyor: Andrés Canovas,Nicolás Marur

Budget: 831,722 EUR

Built Area: 1056 m2

Archaeological Directors: José Miguel Noguera Celdrán,María José Madrid Balanza

Restoration Preservation Director: Izaskun Martínez Péris

莫利內(nèi)特博物館項目位于莫利內(nèi)特山古城健康中心的的底層。博物館的設(shè)計使其結(jié)構(gòu)圍繞羅馬教廷的遺跡構(gòu)建，而不會對其造成實質(zhì)性的影響。健康中心也是由該事務(wù)所設(shè)計的，于2009 年竣工。莫利內(nèi)特博物館于 2020 年向公眾開放，展示20 多年來對卡塔戈諾瓦羅馬遺跡的考古研究成果。該項目對于事務(wù)所的職業(yè)生涯來說是一個非常特殊的里程碑，因為它將事務(wù)所設(shè)計的3 個項目聯(lián)系到了一起：上述兩個項目，以及莫利內(nèi)特考古公園，從現(xiàn)在開始，人們可以從新博物館進入莫利內(nèi)特考古公園。

該項目拉開了莫利內(nèi)特考古公園游覽路線的序幕，其任務(wù)是保護挖掘過程中發(fā)現(xiàn)的特殊考古遺跡，并闡釋作為古城核心的紀念性建筑元老院。在游覽路線的最終點，考古遺跡受到了折疊式屋頂?shù)谋Ｗo。

博物館位于健康中心的下面三層。底層是接待室、游客管制室、員工室和技術(shù)室。該層還設(shè)有一個視聽空間，展出了近年來重要的考古發(fā)掘，如保存完好的兩位繆斯女神和阿波羅的壁畫。中間層是各種展覽室和一個小型多功能廳。最底層的元老院在經(jīng)過整體修復后變得適合參觀，并與考古公園相連。

事務(wù)所試圖使用材料來解決地下室存在的問題。玻璃的使用給人以輕盈的感覺，讓自然光盡可能多地進入室內(nèi)。環(huán)氧樹脂地板、天然劍麻織物和穿孔鋼板讓訪客與石質(zhì)的羅馬世界保持距離。現(xiàn)有建筑的混凝土天花板和柱子被原封不動地展示出來，從而消除了它們的存在感。顏色的選擇遵循了發(fā)掘中發(fā)現(xiàn)的古老色調(diào)。溫度保持在 19℃，濕度保持在65%，以便最好地保存歷史文物。

卡塔赫納文化港的概念開發(fā)項目由建筑師Atxu Amann、Andrés Cánovas 和Nicolás Maruri 起草，考古學家團隊由José Miguel Noguera 和María José Madrid 領(lǐng)導，修復團隊由Iszaskun Martinez 領(lǐng)導。

The Molinete Museum project is located on the ground floor of the Casco Antiguo Health Centre in El Molinete hill.This space was designed so that its structure did not substantially affect the remains of the Roman Curia,around which the proposal is structured.This Health Centre,also designed by the same architecture office,was completed in 2009.In 2020,the Molinete Museum opened its doors to the public to present more than 20 years of archaeological research on the Roman remains of Cartago Nova.This project is a very special milestone for the office's career,as it links three different projects designed by the office: the two mentioned above and the Roof Molinete Archaeological Park,which from now on,will be accessed from the new museum.

The project is the starting point of a tour around the Molinete Archaeological Park,whose mission is to preserve the exceptional archaeological excavations and the explanation of the Curia,the building that was the monumental nucleus of the ancient city.At the far end of the tour,the excavation is protected by a folded roofscape.

The Museum stretches over the three lower floors of the Health Centre.The ground floor contains the reception,visitor control,staff and technical rooms as well as an audiovisual space for the display of important exhibits in recent years,such as the exceptionally preserved mural paintings of two Muses and an Apollo.The intermediate floor houses various exhibitions and a small multipurpose room.The Curia,on the lowest floor,has been volumetrically restored and is made accessible to visits and is connected to the Archaeological Park.

發(fā)掘現(xiàn)場是此次干預的重點。在原來的地板和庫里亞的廢墟之上是一個8m 高的空間，在各個維度上復原元老院的空間形態(tài)。設(shè)計的底層邏輯是基于一個混合的狀態(tài)，因此，古代的結(jié)構(gòu)與現(xiàn)代的建筑融合在一起，互相之間既有區(qū)別，但也可作為統(tǒng)一的有機體出現(xiàn)。一個由鋼材和半透明塑料圓柱體制成的復原裝置被懸掛在8m 高的天花板上，就像一個天蓬，具有透明度并實現(xiàn)視覺連接，同時也暗示了缺失的空間。

該項目擁有考古公園所追求的品質(zhì)，即對古代遺跡的絕對尊重，以及與之相伴并使其變得更好的現(xiàn)代建筑。其結(jié)果是一種令人欣慰的混合，現(xiàn)代建筑因古代遺址而合理，而古代遺址則與現(xiàn)代建筑一起成長，勇敢而樂觀。

1-3 平面Plans

4 入口Entrance

The materials used attempt to solve the problems that the basement presented.The use of glass gives a sense of lightness and allows natural light to enter the interior as much as possible.The epoxy floor,as well as natural sisal fabrics and perforated steel sheets,gives the visitors a distance from the stone Roman world.The concrete ceiling and pillars of the existing building are shown as they are,so their presence is removed.Colours are chosen by following ancient tones founded in the excavations.The temperature is kept at 19 ℃ and the humidity at 65% which permits the best conservation of the historic pieces.

The conceptual development of the Cartagena Puerto de Culturas project was drafted by the Architects Atxu Amann,Andrés Cánovas and Nicolás Maruri,with a team of archaeologists led by José Miguel Noguera and María José Madrid,and a restoration team led by Iszaskun Martinez.

The excavation is the focal point of the intervention.On top of the original floor and ruins,an eight-metre-high space recovers the Curia's spatial footprint in all dimensions.The fundamental decision was to act based on a hybrid condition,therefore,ancient structures merge with contemporary architecture,distinguishable,but as one single organism.A volumetric restitution installation made of steel and translucent plastic cylinders hangs from the eight-metre-high ceiling,as a canopy that allows for transparency and visual connection,but at the same time suggests the missing space.

This volume gives the character that the archaeological park demands,with absolute respect for the ancient works and a contemporary architecture style that accompanies it to make it better.The result is a happy hybrid of,on the one hand,modern architecture justified by ancient ruins and,on the other hand,ancient ruins that have grown brave and optimistic thanks to the contemporary architecture.

5-7 內(nèi)景Interior views

8.9 內(nèi)景Interior views

10.11 剖面Sections

12 軸測示意Axonometric diagram

13.14 內(nèi)景Interior views