提升城市品質(zhì)

中國快速的現(xiàn)代化進程伴隨著劇烈的城市空間變遷，許多城市片區(qū)往往會由于政策制度、經(jīng)濟發(fā)展、科技水平等的調(diào)整，面臨空間肌理的巨大變化。在規(guī)劃建設(shè)中，針對城市歷史文脈集中呈現(xiàn)的、劃入保護范圍的歷史城區(qū)、街區(qū)、地段等地區(qū)已形成完善的保護理論與技術(shù)方法體系，其風貌特色得到了保護與留存；而對于僅有零星文物古跡的老城區(qū)，大都被視為并無地方特色的“空地”，在推倒重建和開發(fā)擴張中被打造為“千城一面”的現(xiàn)代風貌，使片區(qū)失去了其獨特的地方“味道”，降低了城市空間品質(zhì)與文化品味。

空間基因為在深層結(jié)構(gòu)劇烈變遷情況下延續(xù)在地性特征提供了理論與技術(shù)支撐。首先，通過空間基因研究，可以將抽象的地方特征轉(zhuǎn)譯為支撐這個特征存續(xù)的空間組織關(guān)系集。其次，結(jié)合當?shù)噩F(xiàn)有和未來的發(fā)展條件，對這些空間組織關(guān)系存在的充要條件進行分析與篩選——保留適應于發(fā)展條件的空間組織關(guān)系，刪除不適應的空間組織關(guān)系，并通過導控策略將前者錨固至規(guī)劃設(shè)計之中。由此，基于空間基因技術(shù)的規(guī)劃設(shè)計，在傳達地方特征與歷史記憶的同時，也為城市的未來發(fā)展提供了創(chuàng)新空間。以下基于北京長安街、桂林、蓬萊的案例介紹進行說明。□

China's rapid modernisation process is accompanied by drastic urban spatial changes, and many urban areas are often faced with great changes in spatial texture due to the demand for adjustments in policies and systems, economic development, and techniques.In planning and construction, for the historic district, neighbourhoods, lots and other areas in the protection area that present the historical context of the cities intensively, a complete protection theory and technical methodology system have been formed, and their landscape characteristics have been protected and retained.However, for the old urban areas with only a few cultural relics and monuments, most of them are regarded as vacant land, and are built into ＂one-size-fits-all＂ modern styles in the process of redevelopment and expansion, which makes the areas lose their unique local ＂flavour＂ and reduces the spatial quality and the cultural taste of the city.

Space gene research provides theoretical and technical support for the continuation of local characteristics in the case of drastic changes in deep structure.Firstly, through the study of the space gene, the abstract local identity can be translated into a set of spatial organisation relations that support the survival of this identity.Secondly, taking into account the existing and future development conditions of the locality, we can analyse and filter the necessary conditions for the existence of these spatial organisation relations - retaining those spatial organisational relations that are adapted to the development conditions, deleting those that are not adapted to, and anchoring the former to the planning design through the guiding and controlling strategies.As a result, planning and design based on space gene technology can convey local characteristics and historical memories,and at the same time provide innovative space for the future development of cities.The following is based on the case studies in Beijing's Chang'an Avenue, Guilin and Penglai for illustration.□