重點(diǎn)句型解析

1. 【原句】What’s the matter （with you）？ = What’s the trouble （with you）？ 或What’s your trouble？ = What’s wrong （with you）？ 你怎么了？

【解析】以上幾句意思是“（你）怎么了？”用來詢問身體或精神狀態(tài)，也可以用來詢問突發(fā)事件，表示關(guān)心或問候。例：

—What’s the matter with your uncle？" "—He has a fever.

—What’s her trouble？" —She has a cold.

2. 【原句】She talked too much yesterday and didn’t had enough water. 昨天她談話太多，又沒喝足夠的水。

【解析】（1）too many， too much和much too的用法區(qū)別：

too many的中心詞是many，用來修飾復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。例：

Tom bought too many books yesterday.

too much的中心詞是much， 用來修飾不可數(shù)名詞。例：

There is too much water on the playground. Please be careful.

另外， too much還可作名詞性短語，用作賓語; 也可在句中用作狀語，修飾動(dòng)詞。例：

You’ve taught me too much.

Don’t eat too much before you go to sleep.

much too的中心詞是too，用來修飾原級(jí)形容詞或副詞。例：

You’re speaking much too fast. I can’t follow you.

（2） enough 既可以用作形容詞、副詞，又可用作名詞。

enough 用作形容詞時(shí)，意思是“足夠的”，通常用來修飾名詞，放在該名詞之前。例：

We have enough time to finish our homework.

enough 用作副詞時(shí)，意為“足夠地”，修飾形容詞、副詞或動(dòng)詞時(shí)，應(yīng)放在這些詞之后，后接動(dòng)詞不定式。例：

The boy is strong enough to carry the heavy bag.

enough 用作名詞時(shí)，意為“足夠（的數(shù)量或數(shù)目）”，它可以用作主語或賓語。例：

I’ve had enough. Thank you.

3. 【原句】Does he have a toothache？ 他牙疼嗎？

【解析】have a toothache 牙疼

類似的詞組還有：have a fever 發(fā)燒 have a cough 咳嗽 have a headache 頭疼" have / catch a cold" 患感冒 have a stomachache 胃疼 have a backache 背疼 have a sore throat 咽喉發(fā)炎 have the flu患流感

4. 【原句】She should take her temperature.她應(yīng)當(dāng)量體溫。

【解析】 take one’s temperature 量體溫

should的用法：

（1）表示“應(yīng)該，應(yīng)當(dāng)”。例：

He should work harder.

Should I wear a coat？

（2）表示“可能，該（=will probably） ”。例：

He should arrive soon.

（3）表示粗暴地拒絕一項(xiàng)建議、要求或指示。例：

—What time does the film start？" —How should I know？

—Could your wife help us in the office tomorrow？ —Why should she？ She doesn’t work for you.

（4）should與ought to的比較：

①除表示“萬一”“竟然”等只能用should外，表示“應(yīng)該，應(yīng)當(dāng)”“可能”等，兩者可互換，只是ought to的語氣稍重。例：

You ought to / should work harder than that.

She ought to / should finish it by next week.

②should 強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀看法，而 ought to 強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀要求。例：

We ought to go and see my mother in hospital tomorrow， but I don’t think we will.

③注意ought to的否定式與疑問式：

You ought not to do it.

—Ought he to start now？ —Yes， he ought （to）.

They ought to go now， oughtn’t they？

5. 【原句】He hurt himself. 他傷到了自己。

【解析】hurt oneself傷到自己。hurt的過去式是hurt。例：

Susan hurts herself in the room.

常見帶有反身代詞的詞組：

look after oneself / take care of oneself 照顧自己 teach oneself sth. / learn sth. by oneself自學(xué) enjoy oneself玩得高興，過得愉快 help oneself to sth. 請(qǐng)自用……（隨便吃 / 喝些……） say to oneself自言自語 lose oneself in 沉浸于，陶醉于…… leave sb. by oneself把某人單獨(dú)留下 buy oneself sth.給自己買……東西 introduce oneself 介紹自己