






[摘要] 目的: 研究轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)蛋白β樣1 X連接受體1(transducin beta-like 1 X-linked receptor,TBL1XR1)在卵巢癌患者組織中表達(dá),及其對(duì)卵巢癌A2780細(xì)胞增殖和遷移的影響。方法: 采用實(shí)時(shí)熒光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)檢測(cè)10對(duì)卵巢癌組織、癌旁組織中及人卵巢癌IOSE80、A2780、CP70、SKOV-3中TBL1XR1 mRNA表達(dá),篩選TBL1XR1 mRNA高表達(dá)細(xì)胞株。選擇4~6周齡雌性BALB/C裸鼠,建立卵巢癌人源腫瘤異種移植(patient-derived tumor xenografts,PDTX)模型;將10只模型鼠均分為siR-NC組和si-TBL1XR1組,每組5只,分別給予siR-NC、si-TBL1XR1局部注射,10 mg/kg,每3 d注射1次,18 d后取各組瘤組織,計(jì)算其體積與重量。取卵巢癌A2780細(xì)胞,將其分為siR-NC組、si-TBL1XR1組、pcDNA3.1組和pcDNA3.1-TBL1XR1組,分別予以siR-NC、si-TBL1XR1、pcDNA3.1空載質(zhì)粒和pcDNA3.1-TBL1XR1質(zhì)粒處理;采用蛋白免疫印跡法檢測(cè)各組卵巢癌細(xì)胞周期蛋白表達(dá),MTT比色法檢測(cè)細(xì)胞活力,流式細(xì)胞術(shù)檢測(cè)細(xì)胞周期和凋亡細(xì)胞比例,以及Transwell細(xì)胞遷移實(shí)驗(yàn)檢測(cè)細(xì)胞遷移能力。結(jié)果: 卵巢癌組織中TBL1XR1 mRNA表達(dá)明顯高于癌旁組織(Plt;0.05);人卵巢癌A2780細(xì)胞系TBL1XR1 mRNA表達(dá)明顯高于卵巢癌IOSE80、CP70、SKOV-3細(xì)胞系(Plt;0.05)。與siR-NC組相比,第18天si-TBL1XR1組瘤體積明顯減小(Plt;0.05),重量明顯降低(Plt;0.05)。與siR-NC組相比,si-TBL1XR1組促癌細(xì)胞周期蛋白表達(dá)明顯降低(Plt;0.05),與pcDNA3.1組相比,pcDNA3.1-TBL1XR1組表達(dá)則明顯升高(Plt;0.05);與siR-NC組相比,si-TBL1XR1組卵巢癌細(xì)胞遷移數(shù)明顯降低(Plt;0.05),早期凋亡和晚期凋亡細(xì)胞比例明顯升高(Plt;0.05);與pcDNA3.1組相比,pcDNA3.1-TBL1XR1組卵巢癌細(xì)胞遷移數(shù)明顯增多(Plt;0.05),早期凋亡和晚期凋亡細(xì)胞比例明顯降低(Plt;0.05)。結(jié)論: TBL1XR1在卵巢癌組織中呈高表達(dá),降低TBL1XR1 mRNA表達(dá)可抑制卵巢癌A2780細(xì)胞增殖和遷移。
[關(guān)鍵詞] 卵巢癌;轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)蛋白β樣1 X連接受體1(TBL1XR1);人源腫瘤異種移植模型;細(xì)胞周期
[中圖分類號(hào)] R737.31" [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼] A" [文章編號(hào)] 1671-7783(2024)04-0331-07
DOI: 10.13312/j.issn.1671-7783.y230090
[引用格式]褚秀,金蔚. 轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)蛋白β樣1 X連接受體1表達(dá)對(duì)卵巢癌A2780細(xì)胞增殖和遷移的影響[J]. 江蘇大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(醫(yī)學(xué)版), 2024, 34(4): 331-337.
[基金項(xiàng)目]常熟市衛(wèi)生和計(jì)劃生育委員會(huì)科技計(jì)劃立項(xiàng)項(xiàng)目(csws201801);常熟市科技局立項(xiàng)項(xiàng)目(20170016)
[作者簡(jiǎn)介]褚秀(1997—),女,碩士研究生;金蔚(通訊作者),主任醫(yī)師;E-mail: jinweichsh@126.com
Effect of the expression of transducer protein β-like 1 X linked receptor 1 on proliferation and migration of ovarian cancer A2780 cells
CHU Xiu JIN Wei2
(1. School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212013; 2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Changshu Second People′s Hospital, Changshu Jiangsu 215500, China)
[Abstract] Objective: To investigate the expression of transducer protein β-like 1 X linked receptor 1 (TBL1XR1) in the tissues of ovarian cancer patients and its effect on the proliferation and migration of ovarian cancer A2780 cells. Methods: Real-time quantitative fluorescent PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of TBL1XR1 mRNA in 10 pairs of ovarian cancer tissues and adjacent tissues, and IOSE80, A2780, CP70 and SKOV-3 human ovarian cancer cell lines, the latter was used to screen the cell lines with high expression of TBL1XR1 mRNA. BALB/C nude mice aged 4-6 weeks were selected to establish patient-derived tumor xenografts (PDTX) model. Ten PDTX model mice were divided into siR-NC group and si-TBL1XR1 group, with 5 mice in each group; siR-NC and si-TBL1XR1 were given via local injection, respectively, 10 mg/kg, once every 3 days. After 18 days, cancer tissues were harvested from each group, and their volume and weight were calculated. Ovarian cancer A2780 cells were taken and divided into siR-NC group, si-TBL1XR1 group, pcDNA3.1 group and PCDNA3.1-TBL1XR1 group; and they were treated with siR-NC, si-TBL1XR empty vector plasmid pcDNA3.1 and PCDNA3.1-TBL1XR1 plasmid, respectively. The expression of cyclin in ovarian cancer cells in each group was detected by Western blotting, the cell viability was detected by MTT, the cell cycle and the proportion of apoptotic cells were detected by flow cytometry, and the cell migration ability was detected by Transwell assay. Results: The expression of TBL1XR1 mRNA in ovarian cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues (Plt;0.05), and the expression of TBL1XR1 mRNA in human ovarian cancer A2780 cell line was significantly higher than that in IOSE80, CP70 and SKOV-3 cell lines (Plt;0.05). Compared with siR-NC group, the tumor volume and weight of si-TBL1XR1 group were significantly decreased on the 18th day (both Plt;0.05). Compared with the siR-NC group, the expression of cyclin in si-TBL1XR1 group was significantly decreased (Plt;0.05), while the expression in PCDNA3.1-TBL1XR1 group was significantly increased compared with pcDNA3.1 group (Plt;0.05). Compared with siR-NC group, the number of ovarian cancer cell migration in si-TBL1XR1 group was greatly decreased (Plt;0.05), and the proportion of early and late apoptotic cells was markedly increased (Plt;0.05); and compared with pcDNA3.1 group, the migration number of ovarian cancer cells in pcDNA3.1-TBL1XR1 group was significantly increased (Plt;0.05), and the proportion of early apoptotic and late apoptotic cells was greatly decreased (Plt;0.05). Conclusion: TBL1XR1 is highly expressed in ovarian cancer tissues, and reducing TBL1XR1 mRNA expression could significantly inhibit the proliferation and migration of ovarian cancer A2780 cells.
[Key words] ovarian cancer; transducer protein β-like 1 X linked receptor 1 (TBL1XR1); patient-derived tumor xenografts models; cell cycle
卵巢癌是婦科惡性腫瘤患者死亡的主要原因之一,其中上皮性卵巢癌占80%~90%,全球5年生存率低于30%[1]。卵巢癌患者預(yù)后差[2-3],目前雖然晚期和轉(zhuǎn)移性卵巢癌的靶向治療已取得一些進(jìn)步,但效果有限。
轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)蛋白β樣1 X連接受體1(transducin beta-like 1 X-linked receptor,TBL1XR1)是含有F-box/WD40-重復(fù)的蛋白質(zhì)[4],參與轉(zhuǎn)錄調(diào)控,在調(diào)控基因抑制和激活之間的精確轉(zhuǎn)換中起重要作用[5-8],并且影響腫瘤細(xì)胞的增殖、侵襲和轉(zhuǎn)移[9-10]。本課題組前期研究表明,TBL1XR1 mRNA在卵巢癌組織中的表達(dá)明顯高于癌旁組織,且TBL1XR1 mRNA表達(dá)水平越高,則卵巢癌患者總生存率和無病生存率越低[11]。因此,本研究擬通過建立人源腫瘤異種移植(patient-derived tumor xenografts,PDTX)模型,探究以TBL1XR1基因作為目標(biāo)靶的藥物對(duì)卵巢癌細(xì)胞增殖和遷移的影響。
1 材料和方法
1.1 卵巢癌組織來源及實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物、細(xì)胞和主要試劑
選擇2021年1月至2021年12月于常熟市第二人民醫(yī)院婦產(chǎn)科行R0切除術(shù)的患者10例,入選標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為卵巢惡性腫瘤診斷與治療指南(2021年版)[12]。分別取其卵巢癌組織和癌旁組織(距離病灶2 cm的組織),置入RPMI 1640培養(yǎng)基中(含20%胎牛血清和0.05%鏈霉素)。所有標(biāo)本提供者均簽署知情同意書。
4~6周齡雌性BALB/C裸鼠48只,體重(20±2)g,購自南京大學(xué)南京生物醫(yī)藥研究院,飼養(yǎng)于SPF級(jí)動(dòng)物房(25±2)℃,40%~70%濕度,12 h∶12 h晝夜交替,自由飲食。PDTX模型鼠的飼養(yǎng)、腫瘤移植和傳代方法及觀測(cè)指標(biāo)參照文獻(xiàn)[13]。
人卵巢癌IOSE80、A2780、CP70和SKOV-3細(xì)胞株均購自中國科學(xué)院上海生命研究所。pc DNA3.1(+)空載質(zhì)粒、pcDNA3.1-TBL1XR1質(zhì)粒、蛋白酶抑制劑、免疫印跡化學(xué)發(fā)光試劑ECL購自美國Thermo公司;siR-NC和si-TBL1XR1由江蘇吉瑪生物公司構(gòu)建并合成;RIPA裂解液、Trizol試劑、MTT及結(jié)晶紫染色液購自上海碧云天生物技術(shù)有限公司。兔抗人TBL1XR1、細(xì)胞周期蛋白D1(cyclinD1)、細(xì)胞周期蛋白E2(cyclinE2)、p21、細(xì)胞周期蛋白依賴性激酶4(CDK4)、GAPDH單克隆抗體以及抗兔IgG二抗購自英國Abcam公司。青霉素鏈霉素溶液(雙抗)購自武漢尚恩生物技術(shù)有限公司;RPMI 1640培養(yǎng)基及胎牛血清購自美國Gibco公司;RNA反轉(zhuǎn)錄試劑盒、SYBR-Green PCR Master Mix購自美國Applied Biosystems公司;PVDF膜購自美國Bio-Rad公司;甲臜溶解液購自上海瑞奇生物技術(shù)有限公司。
1.2 實(shí)驗(yàn)方法
1.2.1 qRT-PCR檢測(cè)人卵巢癌組織和癌旁組織中TBL1XR1 mRNA表達(dá) Trizol試劑盒提取總RNA,反轉(zhuǎn)錄試劑盒轉(zhuǎn)錄成cDNA,SYBR Green PCR Master Mix試劑盒行qRT-PCR。TBL1XR1上游引物:5′-GGGCCTTTATGCTGCCCTAA-3′,下游引物:5′-TTC-ATTCTCTTCTGTACCTGGGA-3′;GAPDH上游引物:5′-GCAACTAGGATGGTGTGGCT-3′;下游引物:5′-TC-CCATTCCCCAGCTCTCATA-3′。以GAPDH為內(nèi)參。
20 μL qRT-PCR體系:2 μL cDNA,10 μL 2×SYBR Green PCR Master Mix,上、下游引物各0.4 μL,7.2 μL蒸餾水;反應(yīng)步驟:95 ℃預(yù)變性5 min,95 ℃變性15 s,60 ℃退火60 s,72 ℃延伸40 s,共40個(gè)循環(huán)。以2-ΔΔCt表示目的基因相對(duì)表達(dá)量。
1.2.2 qRT-PCR檢測(cè)各細(xì)胞株中TBL1XR1 mRNA表達(dá) 具體實(shí)驗(yàn)方法同“1.2.1”。取TBL1XR1 mRNA相對(duì)表達(dá)量最高的細(xì)胞株進(jìn)行后續(xù)細(xì)胞實(shí)驗(yàn)。
1.3 模型實(shí)驗(yàn)
1.3.1 卵巢癌PDTX模型構(gòu)建及分組 取4~6周齡裸鼠飼養(yǎng)于SPF級(jí)環(huán)境中。選擇卵巢癌手術(shù)切除2 h內(nèi)腫瘤活力較好的組織樣本,在含有1%雙抗的培養(yǎng)基中將腫瘤組織剪成約2 mm×2 mm×2 mm小塊。裸鼠行異氟醚麻醉后,將套管針刺入背部皮下,快速注入腫瘤組織,移植完成后縫合切口,每3 d測(cè)量小鼠皮下移植瘤體積。待移植瘤長(zhǎng)至1 000~1 500 mm3,可進(jìn)行傳代。荷瘤裸鼠脫臼處死后,將裸鼠置于75%乙醇中浸泡2 min,獲取腫瘤組織后,接種方法如上所述。傳至第3代腫瘤能夠穩(wěn)定生長(zhǎng)且成瘤率大于80%則表明建模成功。將建模成功后的第3~7代的10只荷瘤模型鼠隨機(jī)分為2組:siR-NC組和si-TBL1XR1組,每組5只,按照組別分別給予siR-NC、si-TBL1XR1腫瘤局部周圍注射,10 mg/kg,每3 d注射1次;治療18 d后,處死小鼠,取各組移植瘤。
1.3.2 記錄移植瘤體積變化和重量 每3 d測(cè)量1次小鼠腫瘤體積,18 d后測(cè)量小鼠移植瘤重量和體積。
1.4 細(xì)胞實(shí)驗(yàn)
1.4.1 細(xì)胞分組 取卵巢癌A2780細(xì)胞,將其分為siR-NC組、si-TBL1XR1組、pcDNA3.1組和pcDNA3.1-TBL1XR1組,分別予以siR-NC、si-TBL1XR1、pcDNA3.1空載質(zhì)粒和pcDNA3.1-TBL1XR1質(zhì)粒處理。
1.4.2 蛋白免疫印跡檢測(cè)卵巢癌細(xì)胞周期蛋白表達(dá)水平 在RIPA裂解液中滴入適量的PMSF,低溫混勻,配制好細(xì)胞裂解液。取“1.4.1”4組卵巢癌A2780細(xì)胞,6孔板每孔細(xì)胞加入250 μL配置好的細(xì)胞裂解液,低溫反應(yīng)裂解30 min;4 ℃,12 000 r/min離心5 min取上清液;加入上樣緩沖液靜置1 h,獲得實(shí)驗(yàn)蛋白樣品;采用紫外分光光度計(jì)評(píng)估蛋白濃度;BCA法測(cè)定蛋白濃度;行10% SDS-PAGE,70 V電泳30 min,110 V電泳60 min;350 mA轉(zhuǎn)膜110 min,將蛋白轉(zhuǎn)移至PVDF膜;5%脫脂奶粉室溫封閉2 h;加入TBL1XR1、cyclinD1、p21、cyclinE2、CDK4和GAPDH一抗(稀釋比均1∶3 000),4 ℃孵育過夜;TBST洗膜3次,加入抗兔IgG二抗(稀釋比為1∶10 000),室溫孵育2 h;TBST洗膜;ECL發(fā)光液顯影,Image J拍照并分析。實(shí)驗(yàn)重復(fù)3次。
1.4.3 MTT比色法檢測(cè)卵巢癌細(xì)胞增殖率 取孵育24 h后的4組卵巢癌對(duì)數(shù)生長(zhǎng)期細(xì)胞于培養(yǎng)板中,每孔加入100 μL MTT溶液,孵育4 h;加入100 μL甲臜產(chǎn)物溶解液繼續(xù)孵育,直至在普通光學(xué)顯微鏡下觀察發(fā)現(xiàn)甲臜產(chǎn)物全部溶解。酶聯(lián)免疫檢測(cè)儀記錄24、48、72 h時(shí)570 nm處光密度(D)值。每組重復(fù)3次。
1.4.4 流式細(xì)胞術(shù)檢測(cè)細(xì)胞凋亡率、細(xì)胞周期的改變 取“1.4.1”4組A2780細(xì)胞,胰酶消化,收集細(xì)胞,PBS洗滌2次;75%乙醇固定過夜;4 ℃行1 000 r/min離心10 min,棄上清液;PBS洗凈殘留乙醇;加入PI對(duì)細(xì)胞進(jìn)行染色,4 ℃避光孵育30 min;流式細(xì)胞儀檢測(cè)分析。
1.4.5 Transwell檢測(cè)卵巢癌A2780細(xì)胞遷移能力的改變 取1×104個(gè)各組卵巢癌A2780細(xì)胞,用無血清培養(yǎng)基稀釋至200 μL,接種于鋪有或無magtrigel的上室中。Transwell板中加入含10%胎牛血清的DMEM,然后將Transwell小室放入板中,并在小室中加入細(xì)胞懸液,孵育24 h;多聚甲醛固定細(xì)胞30 min;結(jié)晶紫染色30 min;PBS沖洗后常溫干燥。光鏡下拍照,每個(gè)Transwell小室隨機(jī)選10個(gè)視野光鏡下拍照,取遷移細(xì)胞數(shù)平均值進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)。
1.5 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)分析
作圖、數(shù)據(jù)分析分別采用GraphPad Prism 7.0和SPSS 26.0統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件。計(jì)量資料用均數(shù)±標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差(x±s)表示,若數(shù)據(jù)符合正態(tài)分布,則兩組間比較采用獨(dú)立樣本t檢驗(yàn),多組間比較采用單因素方差分析,進(jìn)一步兩兩比較采用LSD-t檢驗(yàn);若數(shù)據(jù)不符合正態(tài)分布,則用非參數(shù)檢驗(yàn),兩組間比較用Kruskal-Wallis檢驗(yàn);P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
2 結(jié)果
2.1 TBL1XR1 mRNA在人卵巢癌組織中呈高表達(dá)
qRT-PCR結(jié)果顯示,卵巢癌組織中TBL1XR1 mRNA相對(duì)表達(dá)量明顯高于癌旁組織(H=6.81,Plt;0.05)。見圖1。
2.2 TBL1XR1 mRNA在卵巢癌A2780細(xì)胞株中高表達(dá)
qRT-PCR結(jié)果顯示(圖2),TBL1XR1 mRNA在卵巢癌A2780細(xì)胞株中相對(duì)表達(dá)量顯著高于卵巢癌IOSE80、CP70、SKOV-3細(xì)胞株(t分別為3.79,3.09,2.29,P均<0.01)。因此,選取卵巢癌A2780細(xì)胞株進(jìn)行后續(xù)實(shí)驗(yàn)。
2.3 si-TBL1XR1干預(yù)抑制卵巢腫瘤生長(zhǎng)
由圖3可見,si-TBL1XR1組小鼠瘤體在干預(yù)第12天后體積逐漸變小,而siR-NC組瘤體則繼續(xù)增長(zhǎng);其中,與siR-NC組相比,第3、6、9、12、15天,si-TBL1XR1組腫瘤體積差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),第18天腫瘤體積明顯減小(t=2.43,P<0.05),小鼠腫瘤瘤體重量明顯降低(t=3.37,P<0.05)。
2.4 卵巢癌A2780細(xì)胞中相關(guān)細(xì)胞周期蛋白的表達(dá)
結(jié)果顯示,與siR-NC組相比,si-TBL1XR1組卵巢癌A2780細(xì)胞中TBL1XR1、CDK4、cyclinD1和cyclinE2蛋白相對(duì)表達(dá)水平明顯降低(t分別為3.17,2.19,-3.29,3.86,P均lt;0.05),p21蛋白相對(duì)表達(dá)水平明顯升高(t=4.67,Plt;0.05);與pcDNA3.1組相比,pcDNA3.1-TBL1XR1組TBL1XR1、CDK4、cyclinD1和cyclinE2蛋白相對(duì)表達(dá)水平明顯升高(t分別為2.17,4.01,3.11,4.15,P均lt;0.05),p21蛋白相對(duì)表達(dá)水平明顯降低(t=4.56,Plt;0.01)。見圖4。
2.5 si-TBL1XR1干預(yù)抑制卵巢癌A2780細(xì)胞增殖
結(jié)果顯示(圖5),與siR-NC組相比,72 h時(shí)si-TBL1XR1組卵巢癌A2780細(xì)胞D(570 nm)值明顯降低(t=2.35,Plt;0.05),即si-TBL1XR1組細(xì)胞活力較弱;與pcDNA3.1組相比,72 h時(shí)pcDNA3.1-TBL1XR1組卵巢癌A2780細(xì)胞D(570 nm)值明顯增高(t=1.78,P<0.05),即pcDNA3.1-TBL1XR1組細(xì)胞活力較強(qiáng)。
2.6 卵巢癌A2780細(xì)胞凋亡、細(xì)胞周期的改變
流式細(xì)胞術(shù)檢測(cè)結(jié)果顯示(圖6),與siR-NC組相比,si-TBL1XR1組卵巢癌A2780細(xì)胞S期細(xì)胞比例明顯降低(t=1.13,P<0.05),早期凋亡和晚期凋亡比例顯著增高(t=4.41、5.17,P均lt;0.05);與pcDNA3.1組相比,pcDNA3.1-TBL1XR1組卵巢癌A2780細(xì)胞S期細(xì)胞比例明顯增高(t=2.64,P<0.05),早期凋亡和晚期凋亡比例明顯降低(t=3.13、1.43,P均lt;0.05)。
2.7 si-TBL1XR1抑制卵巢癌A2780細(xì)胞遷移
Transwell遷移實(shí)驗(yàn)顯示,與siR-NC組相比,24 h后si-TBL1XR1組卵巢癌A2780細(xì)胞遷移數(shù)明顯減少(t=2.89,Plt;0.05);與pcDNA3.1組相比,而pcDNA3.1-TBL1XR1組卵巢癌A2780細(xì)胞遷移數(shù)顯著增多(t=3.67,Plt;0.05)。見圖7。
3 討論
TBL1XR1作為TBL1家族的一員,其在人原發(fā)性肺鱗狀細(xì)胞癌、宮頸癌、乳腺癌和結(jié)腸癌中表達(dá)上調(diào)[14-15],表明TBL1XR1可能在腫瘤進(jìn)展中發(fā)揮重要作用。本研究結(jié)果顯示,TBL1XR1 mRNA在卵巢癌組織中的表達(dá)明顯高于癌旁組織,與既往研究結(jié)果相符,由此肯定了TBL1XR1基因作為卵巢癌靶向治療靶點(diǎn)的合理性。為驗(yàn)證該想法,本實(shí)驗(yàn)建立PDTX模型,并通過腫瘤皮下異種移植建模。皮下異種移植操作簡(jiǎn)單,移植效率高,對(duì)于成瘤后的腫瘤便于觀察,但由于皮下缺乏血管,不能及時(shí)給予腫瘤組織足夠的營(yíng)養(yǎng),因此只適用于高度惡性的腫瘤,且成瘤率不高,本研究卵巢癌荷瘤鼠建模成功率僅為41.7%。有研究通過建立PDTX模型研究卵巢癌一線化療方案的有效性,結(jié)果表明用紫杉醇+鉑類7 d后即出現(xiàn)腫瘤生長(zhǎng)明顯抑制[16]。本研究采用si-TBL1XR1干預(yù)12 d后平均腫瘤體積出現(xiàn)下降趨勢(shì),18 d si-TBL1XR1組腫瘤體積較siR-NC組明顯縮小。相較于目前卵巢癌的一線化療方案而言,si-TBL1XR1抑瘤速度并無優(yōu)越性,但本研究體現(xiàn)出針對(duì)TBL1XR1 mRNA的干預(yù)有明確的抑瘤效果,且靶向治療針對(duì)性強(qiáng),治療精準(zhǔn),毒副反應(yīng)小[17]。由此表明,可以考慮將si-TBL1XR1與其他化療藥物聯(lián)合應(yīng)用,以獲得更高性價(jià)比的治療效果。
cyclinD1是細(xì)胞周期調(diào)節(jié)中重要的調(diào)控因子,與CDK4結(jié)合對(duì)細(xì)胞周期進(jìn)行正調(diào)控[18-19],而cyclinE過表達(dá)可促進(jìn)細(xì)胞快速進(jìn)入S期,細(xì)胞惡性增殖,導(dǎo)致腫瘤發(fā)生[20]。p21既可作為腫瘤抑制基因又可作為細(xì)胞凋亡的抑制劑[21]。本研究結(jié)果顯示,降低TBL1XR1表達(dá)可致CDK4、cyclinD1、cyclinE2等及相關(guān)細(xì)胞周期蛋白相對(duì)表達(dá)水平降低,p21蛋白表達(dá)升高,S期細(xì)胞比例增加,出現(xiàn)細(xì)胞周期S期停滯,TBL1XR1過表達(dá)則相反。在細(xì)胞周期中,G0/G1期細(xì)胞開始合成RNA和蛋白質(zhì),S期是DNA復(fù)制和合成的重要階段。S期停滯導(dǎo)致DNA復(fù)制、有絲分裂、細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)和增殖失敗,腫瘤生長(zhǎng)停滯甚至倒退。TBL1XR1表達(dá)降低導(dǎo)致S期停滯且TBL1XR1與其他細(xì)胞周期蛋白密切關(guān)聯(lián)、相互影響[22]。此外,本實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,TBL1XR1低表達(dá)則腫瘤細(xì)胞相對(duì)活性明顯降低,即降低TBL1XR1表達(dá)可以使腫瘤細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)停滯,從而抑制卵巢癌發(fā)展,這可能與其影響腫瘤微環(huán)境、促進(jìn)炎癥和沉默信號(hào)通路等[17]相關(guān),但具體機(jī)制有待進(jìn)一步研究。
研究表明,卵巢癌鉑類化療的耐藥機(jī)制主要包括逃避細(xì)胞凋亡、基因突變及其他外部因素等[23]。細(xì)胞早期凋亡時(shí)出現(xiàn)脂膜內(nèi)側(cè)外翻、線粒體膜電位下降,而在凋亡晚期,染色體DNA會(huì)發(fā)生斷裂,且凋亡一旦發(fā)生則不可停止。選擇性抑制Bcl-2蛋白家族成員的抗凋亡作用是腫瘤治療的重要手段[24]。本研究發(fā)現(xiàn),降低TBL1XR1 mRNA可促進(jìn)卵巢癌A2780細(xì)胞凋亡,即可以選擇性抑制TBL1XR1 mRNA表達(dá)作為抗卵巢癌的新的治療手段,具體有待后續(xù)進(jìn)一步研究。
本研究以TBL1XR1為切入點(diǎn),建立了可用于實(shí)驗(yàn)的卵巢癌PDTX模型。結(jié)果表明,TBL1XR1 mRNA在卵巢癌組織中呈高表達(dá),降低TBL1XR1 mRNA和蛋白表達(dá)可抑制卵巢癌A2780細(xì)胞增殖和遷移,促進(jìn)其早期凋亡。
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[收稿日期] 2023-03-27" [編輯] 劉星星
江蘇大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(醫(yī)學(xué)版)2024年4期