How to Write the Perfect CV如何撰寫(xiě)完美的簡(jiǎn)歷

Imagine meeting a stranger at a party. What makes for a successful encounter？ Lesson one is to heed the wisdom of a shampoo commercial from the 1980s： you never get a second chance to make a first impression. Lesson two is to remember that you do not need to wear a beret or a fur stole in order to stand out. Lesson three is not to forget that what you leave out matters as much as what you say.

想象你在聚會(huì)上遇到一個(gè)陌生人。如何制造一次成功的邂逅？第一：可以看下80年代洗發(fā)水廣告所體現(xiàn)的智慧：你不會(huì)有第二次機(jī)會(huì)給人留下第一印象。第二：記住，顯得與眾不同未必需要戴貝雷帽或毛皮披肩。第三：不要忘記，未說(shuō)出口的內(nèi)容和說(shuō)出口的言語(yǔ)同樣重要。

These same principles， it turns out， apply to writing a CV. A resume is not a list of every job you ever had. It is not your autobiography. It is， like that haircare advert， a marketing tool. Your audience is made up of recruiters and hiring managers. Like cocktail-party guests， they do not take a long time to decide if they want to keep talking. According to one std74bec88687f0cc821de175b6d3495cb626c6a7ca6316deb0287892662021f43udy， such professionals spend an average of 7.4 seconds skimming a job application. Here are a few tips on how best to ensure that these seconds count.

實(shí)際上，以上這些原則同樣適用于簡(jiǎn)歷撰寫(xiě)。簡(jiǎn)歷不應(yīng)該簡(jiǎn)單列出你曾從事過(guò)的所有工作，也不應(yīng)該像自傳那樣詳盡記錄個(gè)人生活和職業(yè)經(jīng)歷的所有細(xì)節(jié)。簡(jiǎn)歷就像那個(gè)洗發(fā)水廣告一樣，是營(yíng)銷工具，受眾群體是招聘人員或招聘經(jīng)理。就好比雞尾酒會(huì)上的賓客，他們花不了多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間就能決定是否要繼續(xù)跟你交談。研究顯示，這類專業(yè)招聘人員瀏覽一份簡(jiǎn)歷平均只用7.4秒。本文提供一些訣竅，讓你的簡(jiǎn)歷在短短的幾秒內(nèi)就能抓住對(duì)方的注意力。

The CV’s number-one task is not to put the reader off1. If you are thinking of adding a watermark with your initials think again： you are trying too hard. Use a clean， simple format and avoid fancy fonts （Arial or Helvetica are fine： Century Gothic is not）.

簡(jiǎn)歷的首要任務(wù)是不要讓招聘人員失去瀏覽的興趣。要是考慮在簡(jiǎn)歷上加上帶有你名字縮寫(xiě)的水印，那請(qǐng)三思：這么做有些過(guò)了。簡(jiǎn)歷排版應(yīng)整潔、簡(jiǎn)單，不要用花哨的字體（Arial或Helvetica可以接受，但Century Gothic不行）。

Adding colour does not mean using a teal background. Nor does it mean using purple prose2. Cliché can be a reason you are passed over for an interview. So can typos; spell-check and proofread over and over. You would be surprised how often someone forgets to include their name and contact details. Dispense with hackneyed descriptors （“cultivated and passionate professional！”， “a keen eye for detail”）—facts should speak for themselves. But not all facts. You may think including your ranking on “Over-Watch3” is a quirky way to illustrate how quick you are on your feet4. A recruiter may conclude that it shows you spend hours on the sofa tethered to a gaming console.

增強(qiáng)簡(jiǎn)歷的吸引力并不意味著要使用藍(lán)綠色背景或過(guò)于華麗夸張的語(yǔ)言。陳詞濫調(diào)可能會(huì)讓你失去面試機(jī)會(huì)。錯(cuò)別字同樣可能，因此要一遍遍地進(jìn)行拼寫(xiě)檢查和校對(duì)。你會(huì)驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)，經(jīng)常有人忘記寫(xiě)上他們的姓名和聯(lián)系方式。此外，避免使用陳腐的表達(dá)（例如“受過(guò)教育、充滿激情的專業(yè)人士！”“注重細(xì)節(jié)”），要讓事實(shí)說(shuō)明一切，但并非所有的事實(shí)都適合在簡(jiǎn)歷中體現(xiàn)出來(lái)，比如：你也許以為在簡(jiǎn)歷上加上“守望先鋒”游戲中的排名是展現(xiàn)自己靈敏度的一種獨(dú)特方式，但招聘人員可能會(huì)由此推斷你花了大量時(shí)間坐在沙發(fā)上玩游戲，無(wú)法自拔。

Do not hammer your CV out in an hour—take your time to polish it. Condense， filter and distil until what you are left with captures the essence of you. Anyone’s CV can fit on a page， even if you have held residencies in the world’s eight top hospitals or are Christine Lagarde5. Forget the personal statement—no one has time for that. If you spent three weeks in the summer， when you were 17 keeping the books in your uncle’s hardware store， no one needs to know that if you are now over the age of 25. The older you get， the more you should prioritize work experience over education.

不要倉(cāng)促地在一小時(shí)內(nèi)就把簡(jiǎn)歷完成，要花時(shí)間潤(rùn)色打磨。精簡(jiǎn)、過(guò)濾、提煉，直到這份簡(jiǎn)歷能體現(xiàn)你最重要的特點(diǎn)。任何人的簡(jiǎn)歷都可以精簡(jiǎn)到一頁(yè)紙上，即使在世界上排名前八的醫(yī)院里有過(guò)住院醫(yī)生的經(jīng)歷，或者像克里斯蒂娜·拉加德這樣的知名人士，簡(jiǎn)歷都可以非常簡(jiǎn)潔。不要進(jìn)行個(gè)人陳述，沒(méi)人有時(shí)間去讀那個(gè)。如果你現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)過(guò)了25歲，那就沒(méi)必要讓人知道你17歲那年夏天在叔叔的五金店幫忙做賬，做了三周時(shí)間。年齡越大，就越應(yīng)該把重點(diǎn)放到工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)而非教育背景上。

Tailor your resume for every application by making the relevant tweaks and highlighting different areas. Otherwise you are like the bore who tells the same story to every person he meets. Not everyone—and not every recruiter—is interested in the same things. If you can quantify an accomplishment， do. A second-year law student who just completed his summer internship having worked on six M&A6 deals？ Put that in.

根據(jù)申請(qǐng)的具體職位和要求，對(duì)簡(jiǎn)歷進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)男薷暮驼{(diào)整，突出那些與你申請(qǐng)的職位最相關(guān)的經(jīng)歷和成就。否則，你就像個(gè)討厭鬼，對(duì)每個(gè)遇到的人講同樣的故事。并不是每個(gè)人，包括每個(gè)招聘人員，都對(duì)相同的事情感興趣。如果能量化你的成就，那就量化。比如，一個(gè)二年級(jí)法學(xué)專業(yè)學(xué)生，剛剛完成夏季實(shí)習(xí)，期間參與了六個(gè)并購(gòu)交易？在簡(jiǎn)歷中寫(xiě)上吧。

Reasonable gaps in a resume are not cause for concern. Life happens and sometimes people take timmRqnjhb0zijAY/ZPiKAYSrw5aiTBVcdu3z41wqOezDA=e off; you do not have to explain that you spent three months between jobs hiking around Machu Picchu7 to clear your head and recharge your batteries. A ten-year gap from the workforce may be another matter. So might constant job-switching， which is as much of a red flag to recruiters as admitting to never having had a long-term relationship might be to a stranger at a party. But if this describes your work history then you probably have bigger problems that a CV alone， no matter how masterful， will not fix.

個(gè)人簡(jiǎn)歷上出現(xiàn)一些合理的職業(yè)空白期無(wú)傷大雅。生活中會(huì)發(fā)生各種事情，有時(shí)候人們需要休息一段時(shí)間。你不需要詳細(xì)解釋你在兩份工作之間的三個(gè)月里去馬丘比丘徒步旅行是為了理清思緒和充電。長(zhǎng)達(dá)十年的職業(yè)空白期恐怕就是另外一回事了。頻繁更換工作在招聘人員眼中可能同樣是一個(gè)警示信號(hào)。這就好比在社交聚會(huì)上向一個(gè)陌生人坦白自己從未有過(guò)長(zhǎng)期穩(wěn)定的戀愛(ài)關(guān)系。但如果你的工作履歷就是這樣的，你將會(huì)面臨更大的問(wèn)題，那么無(wú)論你的簡(jiǎn)歷寫(xiě)得有多好，都不足以解決這些問(wèn)題。

Once you have sent your application， refrain from emailing prospective employers to see if they received it. You risk coming across as that annoying person， who texts to see if their previous texts have got through.

一旦你發(fā)送了求職申請(qǐng)，不要發(fā)電子郵件詢問(wèn)對(duì)方是否已收到。你可能會(huì)給人留下煩人的印象，就像有人發(fā)消息確認(rèn)之前的消息對(duì)方是否收到。

In his commencement address at Kenyon College in 2005， David Foster Wallace， an American novelist， used the metaphor of fish oblivious to the element surrounding them in order to point to the dangers of the “natural， hard-wired， default setting which is to be deeply and literally self-centered”. Your life， he implied， should illustrate an acute awareness of the outside world. So should your CV. Drafting a presentation of your skills and achievements will inevitably reflect the sovereignty and self-absorption of your “skull-sized kingdom8”， as Wallace described it. So as you launch yourself into the job market follow his counsel to young graduates to try always to be aware of their place in the greater scheme of things： “This is water... this is water.9”

2005年，在凱尼恩學(xué)院的畢業(yè)典禮演講中，美國(guó)小說(shuō)家戴維·福斯特·華萊士用魚(yú)兒對(duì)自己周圍環(huán)境渾然不覺(jué)作隱喻，闡述了人們“與生俱來(lái)、根深蒂固的思維模式，即確確實(shí)實(shí)地深度以自我為中心”，并指出其危險(xiǎn)性。他強(qiáng)調(diào)，你的生活應(yīng)該展現(xiàn)出對(duì)周圍世界的敏銳覺(jué)知。你的簡(jiǎn)歷也應(yīng)該這樣。正如華萊士所描述的那樣，在自我介紹技能和成就時(shí)會(huì)不可避免地反映出你“大腦王國(guó)”的自主和自賞。因此，當(dāng)你投身于職場(chǎng)時(shí)，遵循華萊士對(duì)年輕畢業(yè)生的建議，要盡可能始終注意個(gè)人在大局中的位置：“這是水……這是水。”

1 put sb off （sth/sb）使反感。 2 purple prose紫色辭藻，往往指過(guò)度修飾、夸張華麗，缺乏簡(jiǎn)潔性和直接性的語(yǔ)言風(fēng)格。 3一款團(tuán)隊(duì)基礎(chǔ)的射擊游戲。 4 quick on one’s feet指非常靈活敏捷。

5法國(guó)知名律師和政治家，曾擔(dān)任國(guó)際貨幣基金組織（IMF）總裁，現(xiàn)任歐洲中央銀行行長(zhǎng)。 6 Mergers and Acquisitions的縮寫(xiě)，指公司之間通過(guò)合并（merger）或收購(gòu)（acquisition）的方式進(jìn)行整合的商業(yè)活動(dòng)。

7位于秘魯南部安第斯山脈的一個(gè)歷史遺址，被認(rèn)為是印加帝國(guó)在15世紀(jì)建造的一個(gè)城市。這個(gè)遺址坐落在海拔約2430米的山頂上，是世界上最著名的考古遺址之一。在現(xiàn)代，徒步前往馬丘比丘成為了一種流行的旅行和探險(xiǎn)活動(dòng)。

8 skull-sized kingdom作家戴維·福斯特·華萊士用這個(gè)形象的比喻來(lái)表達(dá)一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)：每個(gè)人的思想和感知都局限于他們自己的腦袋，就像一個(gè)人的意識(shí)是統(tǒng)治著他們自己的小王國(guó)一樣，這個(gè)王國(guó)的大小僅限于他們的頭骨（skull）所能包含的范圍，在這個(gè)王國(guó)內(nèi)，個(gè)體是唯一的統(tǒng)治者，他們的理解和感受構(gòu)成了他們體驗(yàn)世界的全部基礎(chǔ)。 9出自華萊士2005年在凱尼恩學(xué)院（Kenyon College）畢業(yè)典禮上的演講。他與聽(tīng)眾分享了一個(gè)關(guān)于魚(yú)和水的寓言故事，來(lái)闡述一個(gè)更廣泛的觀點(diǎn)：即我們常常對(duì)自己所處環(huán)境的本質(zhì)視而不見(jiàn)。華萊士以此鼓勵(lì)人們從自我中心的生活方式中覺(jué)醒，學(xué)會(huì)觀察和欣賞我們周圍的世界及事物，有意識(shí)地去認(rèn)識(shí)和理解我們生活中的基本現(xiàn)實(shí)。